节理岩体体积节理数Jv的新计算公式

岩体体积节理数Jv的定义,按照《工程岩体分级标准》采用节理间距或频率较为恰当;本文研究了岩体内发育一组、二组、三组贯通性节理的情况下,Jv定义的适宜性,指出节理正交的情况下Jv的适宜性最好,推导出Jv的修正系数为K1=|sin(n1,n2[DD(-1][HT5SS]^[HT][][DD)])||cos(n1n2,n3[DD(-1][HT5SS]^[HT][][DD)])|,研究表明:节理夹角越小,对Jv的影响越大;通过连通率等效途径,断续节理岩体的Jv计算公式为Jv=K1[DD(][]i[DD)]Sini(i3)。运用该公式可实现工程岩体裂隙发育程度的科学评价。     

Oil spill detection with fully polarimetric UAVSAR data

In this study, two ocean oil spill detection approaches based on four scattering matrices measured by fully polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) are presented and compared. The first algorithm is based on the co-polar correlation coefficient, ρ, and the scattering matrix decomposition parameters, Cloud entropy (H), mean scattering angle (α) and anisotropy (A). While each of these parameters has oil spill signature in it, we find that combining these parameters into a new parameter, F, is a more effective way for oil slick detection. The second algorithm uses the total power of four polarimetric channels image (SPAN) to find the optimal representation of the oil spill signature. Otsu image segmentation method can then be applied to the F and SPAN images to extract the oil slick features. Using the L-band fully polarimetric Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle – synthetic aperture radar (UAVSAR) data acquired during the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill disaster event in the Gulf of Mexico, we are able to successfully extract the oil slick information in the contaminated ocean area. Our result shows that both algorithms perform well in identifying oil slicks in this case.     

重庆云阳恐龙化石埋藏地新田沟组孢粉化石组合特征及意义

重庆云阳新田沟组恐龙动物群是四川盆地近年来新发现的恐龙动物群,动物群埋藏层位为新田沟组中上部.对云阳地区恐龙化石埋藏地新田沟组剖面自底到顶系统开展了孢粉化石采样分析工作,分析结果表明,新田沟组上部孢粉化石缺失,中下部孢粉化石含量丰富,裸子植物花粉在孢粉组合中占绝对优势,含量高达91.64％,苔藓、蕨类植物孢子含量较低,...     

Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Intertidal Zone of the Yellow River Estuary in Autumn and Winter During 2011–2012

Much uncertainty exists in spatial and temporal variations of nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from coastal marshes in temperate regions. To investigate the spatial and temporal variations of N₂O fluxes and determine the environmental factors influencing N₂O fluxes across the coastal marsh dominated by Suaeda salsa in the Yellow River estuary, China, in situ measurements were conducted in high marsh (HM), middle marsh (MM), low marsh (LM), and mudflat (MF) in autumn and winter during 2011–2012. Results showed that mean N₂O fluxes and cumulative N₂O emission indicated intertidal zone of the examined marshes as N₂O sources over all sampling seasons with range of 0.0051 to 0.0152 mg N₂O m^?2 h^?1 and 7.58 to 22.02 mg N₂O m^?2, respectively. During all times of day and the seasons measured, N₂O fluxes from the intertidal zone ranged from ?0.0004 to 0.0644 mg N₂O m^?2 h^?1. The freeze/thaw cycles in sediments during early winter (frequent short-term cycle) and midwinter (long-term cycle) were one of main factors affecting the temporal variations of N₂O emission. The spatial variations of N₂O fluxes in autumn were mainly dependent on tidal fluctuation and plant composition. The ammonia-nitrogen (NH₄ ⁺–N) in sediments of MF significantly affected N₂O emissions (p < 0.05), and the high concentrations of Fe in sediments might affect the spatial variation of N₂O fluxes. This study highlighted the large spatial variation of N₂O fluxes across the coastal marsh (coefficient of variation (CV) = 127.86 %) and the temporal variation of N₂O fluxes during 2011–2012 (CV = 137.29 %). Presently, the exogenous C and N loadings of the Yellow River estuary are increasing due to human activities; thus, the potential effects of exogenous C and N loadings on N₂O emissions during early winter should be paid more attention as the N₂O inventory is assessed precisely.     

利用网格搜索进行地球椭球面闪电定位

提出了一种利用网格搜索法定位地球椭球面闪电位置的方法,在闪电可能发生的整个区域内寻找最适应解,通过采用多级网格搜索策略,计算结果将迅速收敛至最终解。分别用仿真数据和电网雷电定位系统实际电力线雷击事故点进行计算,证明了该方法的有效性和稳定性。     

EH-4大地电磁测量仪在山东泰安徂徕地热田勘察中的应用

EH-4大地电磁测量仪是近几年引进的美国Stratagem大地电磁测量系统。该系统设计了特殊的人工电磁波发射源,提高了700 m深度范围的勘探效果,同时又避免了地形地物对物探勘察的工作布置限制。大地电磁测深反演电阻率断面较清晰地反映了地热田导水导热断裂构造的地热地质特征,是基岩构造裂隙带状热储类型的有效勘探方法。     

利用多普勒天气雷达资料建立灾害性天气的监测和预警系统

多普勒天气雷达是目前对短时强对流天气进行监测的主要手段之一.为了能够使多普勒天气雷达资料在业务预报中得到更加准确、方便的使用,设计开发了利用CINRAD/ CC新一代多普勒雷达资料建立对临近灾害性天气的监测和预警数据库系统.该系统采用Visual C++6.0 + SQL Server 2000为开发环境,由雷达原始数据采集和处理系统、雷达图像的显示系统、雷达数据库系统、监测及预警信息的发布系统、客户端应用系统等部分组成,有较好的兼容性和可移植性.实现了实时显示、入库、监测和预警、动画回放等功能,并且系统资源占用少、效率高.能够方便地为气象业务人员使用,帮助预报人员更好地分析天气系统的内部结构及发展趋势,特别是在临近预报和帮助人影值班人员指导防雹作业等方面均能发挥十分重要的作用.     

太行山北段岩溶裂隙水的富水性及其电性特征

为揭示太行山北段岩溶裂隙水富水性分布规律,采用电阻率、极化率、半衰时和偏离度分析不同含水层介质结构、不同含水岩组和不同地下水系统岩溶裂隙水与电性参数的关系,探讨研究区岩溶裂隙水富水性的影响因素及其电性响应特征。结果表明：含水层介质结构按照溶蚀孔洞型→断层型→褶皱型→岩体阻水型的排列顺序,半衰时值分布范围依次降低,而偏离度值分布范围依次升高;四种电性参数对奥陶系含水岩组、蓟县系含水岩组具有较强的分辨能力;极化率、半衰时和偏离度难以识别拒马河、界河－唐河以及瀑河－漕河三种岩溶裂隙地下水系统类型;奥陶系含水岩组的富水性优于蓟县系含水岩组;就含水层介质结构而言,溶蚀孔洞型富水性最佳,断层型和褶皱型次之,岩体阻水型富水性最差。     

矿物和稀土在饲料工业中的应用

矿物质作为一种重要的饲料添加剂的作用日益为人们所重视。按其作用可划分为营养性添加剂（包括取自矿物中的钙、磷、镁、盐类物质等）以及非营养性添加剂（粘土类矿物、膨润土、海泡石、珍珠岩、蛭石及稀土元素等）。国内外信息表明,矿物饲料添加剂的开发与应用具有广阔的前景。     

SLUG试井污染检测乘积图版及其应用

本研究获得了ＳＬＵＧ试井解与定产量试井解的数学关系式并制作出ＳＬＵＧ试井乘积图版。ＳＬＵＧ试井乘积图版分辨率高、灵敏度好、唯一性强,ＳＬＵＧ试井乘积曲线容易制作。ＳＬＵＧ试井乘积图版可用于一开、一开一关、二开二关、三开三关ＳＬＵＧ试井。