天津滨海新区潜在淹没区发展趋势研究

本文利用2006年以前天滓地面沉降监测资料和塘沽、汉沽地区潜在淹没区RTK加密观测资料,以水准监测点为基本研究对象,深入分析研究了每个测点随时间的沉降变化规律,进而“以点带面”绘制了2005年和2011年天津滨海新区地面沉降速率等值线图。同时,还绘制了2005年塘沽、汉沽地区潜在淹没区地面标高等值线分布图,以及预测的2011年塘沽、汉沽地区潜在淹没区的时空分布和面积。最后,提出了应对地面沉降的相关建议,以供政府控制地面沉降时参考。     

Types and spatial combinations of Danxia landform of Fangyan in Zhejiang Province

The prominent types of Danxia landform in Fangyan include enclosed valleys, mesas, peaks, stone columns and grooves etc. Their spatial combinations have regular configurations along the northwest–southeast direction: typical grooves and caves are located in the northwestern Wufengshuyuan mainly; abundant fresh collapsed stones may be observed in central Jimingfeng and Taohuafeng; stone drums and stone columns are in the southeastern Shiguliao particularly; enclosed valleys are encircling joints of peaks and plains from three directions east, west, and south. Their spatial combinations reflect that the developments of Danxia landform have undergone stages of geomorphic cyclical erosion in the form of weathering, collapse, transportation, sedimentation and other processes, together with the “sculpture” of external forces mainly as tectonic uplift. The picturesque Danxia landform began its formation at that point. Danxia landform developed mainly in the strata of Fangyan Formation (K1f) caused by the alluvial fan-braided river phase of anterior fan in the late period of the Early Cretaceous. Regular patterns of weathering of stones and features of braided alluvial phase sediments may be verified by the analysis of three groups of experimental data. Danxia landform of Fangyan is a unique representative of the “adolescent” development type in the application of the World Natural Heritages status in China, by virtue of its outstanding universal aesthetic and scientific value.     

浙江方岩丹霞地貌类型及其空间组合

andform of Fangyan is a unique representative of the "adolescent" development type in the application of the World Natural Heritages status in China, by virtue of its outstanding universal aesthetic and scientific value.     

A Review on Researches of Active Tectonics——History, Progress and Suggestions1

This paper reviews the history and progress of research on active tectonics in China and overseas. By giving a brief introduction on the history of active tectonic research in China and other countries, the paper sums up the process and development of quantitative investigation of active tectonics since the 1980s. The focus is on the main efforts and progress made in China on certain aspects of research, such as basic surveys and applied investigation of active tectonics, the study of theories related to regional active tectonics and their kinematics and geodynamics, surveys on coupling relations between deep and shallow structures, active fault surveys and prospecting and seismic hazard assessment in urban areas, as well as the efforts made using Quaternary geochronology. Furthermore, the paper looks back on Chinese quantitative investigation of active tectonics in China and sums up cognitions derived from studies on the determination of several basic and measurable parameters of active tectonics. These parameters include the length of fault and fault segmentation, coseismic slip and cumulative slip, fault slip rate, the sequence of paleoearthquake events and the time elapsed since the most recent event. At the same time, efforts and progress made in China on assessing the long-term seismic potential for active faults and evaluating the risk from potential active fault movement have been reviewed by summarizing research on developing theories, models, methods and the application of time-dependent seismic potential to prohabilistic assessment, magnitude estimation for potential earthquakes on active faults, and the forecast of potential risk caused by active fault movement. Finally, in consideration of the realities and problems in the research of active tectonics in China, the authors put forward several suggestions for issues worthy of more attention for further investigation in the future.     

中国4个国家级野外站大气CH4本底浓度变化特征

CH4是仅次于CO2的重要温室气体。2006年9月至2008年8月期间,按全球大气本底观测要求,在青海瓦里关、北京上甸子、浙江临安和黑龙江龙凤山4个国家级野外站开展每周一次空气样品flask瓶采样分析,获得了该地区为期2 a的大气CH4本底浓度资料。结果表明,2 a间瓦里关、上甸子、临安和龙凤山4站CH4浓度年均增幅分别为9.1×10-9、3.8×10-9、21.8×10-9和8.2×10-9;瓦里关站大气CH4浓度增长趋势与全球平均状况较为接近,能较好地反映北半球中高纬度内陆地区大气本底特征;但上甸子站年均本底值相对较低且季振幅偏小,而龙凤山和临安站季节变化规律相似,表现为CH4浓度冬季高而夏季偏低且季振幅较大。     

修正SMR法在红层软岩边坡中的应用

在前人大量研究的基础上,针对传统的SMR法（边坡岩体质量方法）没有考虑软弱互层对边坡岩体评价结果的影响的不足之处,增加了强度差异调整权值项。对西南地区80个红层软岩边坡的评价分析结果表明,采用岩性差异修正后的SMR法比直接使用SMR法更加符合野外实际情况,运用修正后的SMR法对红层软岩边坡评价更加合理。     

混合料贮料仓离析现象试验研究

针对混合料生产过程中贮料仓卸料时可能出现的离析现象,通过室内小型模拟试验,观测集料从仓体流出的过程,分析流出材料颗粒组成均匀性的变化特点。结果表明,混合料贮料仓卸料时的离析现象主要是由于细料向下渗透而产生的,集料下落时,细料在自重力作用下通过空隙结构向下渗透,集料发生离析;集料粒径比、分布宽度、平均粒径等因素的变化使料仓中形成不同的集料的空隙结构,使得细料的渗透作用的发生程度不同,从而引起集料离析程度的差异。     

岩溶洞穴沉积物的地震记录浅析

洞穴沉积物不仅具有旅游开发价值,而且蕴含了丰富的古气候环境信息,同时也是地震信息的存储器,是研究地震遗迹的良好材料。近10多年,在西南地区开展洞穴资源调研、古气候环境研究期间,观察到一些洞穴沉积物的特殊坍塌现象,以及2008年5月12日四川汶川8级地震中岩溶洞穴沉积物发生破裂、坍塌等现象,认为它们与地震密切相关。本文利用洞穴沉积物中保存或记录的新、老地震印迹、铀系测年数据等,来恢复史前的地震事件和史载资料未记录的地震事件,并对地震事件发生的时间、强度进行对比等。洞穴沉积物中记录的地震印迹可为研究地震历史提供对比证据,填补历史丢失的地震记录, 并能对未来地震的监测以及预报提供一个新的视角。