东山岛以东近岸海域水下沙丘及其环境

1990～1991年，我所对东山岛海域进行海底地形、底质调查、水文泥沙测验时发现：1）沿东山岛一古雷半岛的NNE、NE向断裂在海域呈现为落差可达20m左右“V”字型深糟；2）在东山岛东部10m等深线以东海域发育众多的水沙丘群，水深15m左右有一地形坡折线，水深20～25m海底为水下一级阶地。据底质粒度、石英电镜扫描、重矿物、地球化学指标等分析表明，水下沙丘群分布区的沉积为准残留沉积，水下一级阶地及水下沙丘为早期滨岸的准残留地貌作，又受到后期现代水动力的改造。     

Stochastic Response Analysis of Piled Offshore Platforms to Earthquake Load

- In this paper, using the theory of stochastic analysis of the response to earthquake load, a stochastic analysis method of the response of piled platforms to earthquake load has been established. In the method, the strong ground motion is considered as three dimensional stationary white noise process and the pile-soil interaction and water-structure interaction are considered. The stochastic response of a typical platform to eqrthquake load has been computed with this method and the results compared with those obtained with the response spectrum analysis method. The comparison shows that the stochastic analysis method of the response of piled platforms to earthquake load is suitable for this kind of analysis.     

Adsorption of uranyl complex ions on hydrous titanium oxide (HTO)——Ⅱ. Infrared spectrum investigation

-The i. r. spectra of Na4 [UO2 (CO3)3], Na [UO2 (OH)3] and the surface species of uranium on HTO underthe condition of flowing natural seawater and concentrated seawater (NaCl-NaHCO3-U) were recorded, with the bands of urany! of surface species obtained and the finding that iigands of surface species besides HTO are mainly water and OH, and there are some CO32- groups under the condition of natural seawater. Some relations between the complex properties and the j. r. spectroscopic characters for uranyl complexes were studied, and the transferred change quantity of surface complex was calculated.Structure models for surface species of adsorption are herein presented and the mechanism for uranium adsorption is deduced.     

基于多种生物指数的中国渤海莱州湾海域底栖生境健康评价

As an important part of the Bohai economic rim, the Laizhou Bay has been stressed by serious eco-environmental problems in recent years. In this study, the Shannon-Wiener index(H′), AZTI's marine biotic index(AMBI) and the multivariate AMBI(M-AMBI) were used to assess the ecological quality status(EQS) of the Laizhou Bay according to macrobenthos data collected annually in August 2011–2014. The results showed that the overall benthic habitat quality in the Laizhou Bay was assessed as "Good". However, 25% of the samples were classified as"Moderate", "Bad" or "Poor" status under degraded conditions. Ecological group Ⅲ(EGⅢ) species which had a certain tolerance to environmental disturbances had a higher proportion in each station, and most of them had appeared the pollution indicator species Capitella capitata. This indicated that the benthic habitat in the Laizhou Bay had been disturbed and polluted to some extent. The comparison of the three indices evaluation result and the RDA analysis showed that the H′ and M-AMBI were more suitable when the relative abundance of the single species was high and the macrobenthic community was significantly imbalanced; when the relative abundance of opportunistic species(EGIV and EGV) was high, the AMBI and M-AMBI could reflected the EQS objectively; in an undisturbed and polluted environment, all the three indices could indicate the benthic habitats quality. In summary, the better correlation between the three indices and environmental factors showed that they were well responsive to the tendency of the benthic habitats quality in the Laizhou Bay.     

Four Decadal Ocean-Atmosphere Modes in the North Pacific Revealed by Various Analysis Methods

Various statistical methods (empirical orthogonal function (EOF), rotated EOF, singular value decomposition (SVD), principal oscillation pattern (POP), complex EOF (CEOF) and joint CEOF) were applied to low-pass filtered (>7 years) sea surface temperature (SST), subsurface temperature and 500 hPa geopotential height in order to reveal standing and propagating features of decadal variations in the North Pacific. Four decadal ocean-atmosphere covariant modes were found in this study. The first mode is the well-known ENSO-like mode associated with the “Pacific-North American” atmospheric pattern, showing SST variations reversed between the tropics and the extratropics. In the western tropical Pacific, subsurface temperature variations were found to be out of phase with the SST variations. The other three modes are related to the oceanic general circulation composed of the subtropical gyre, the Alaskan gyre and the subpolar gyre, respectively. The 1988/89 event in the northern North Pacific was found to be closely associated with the subtropical gyre mode, and the atmospheric pattern associated with this mode is the Arctic Oscillation. An upper ocean heat budget analysis suggests that the surface net heat flux and mean gyre advection are important to the Alaskan gyre mode. For the subpolar gyre mode, the mean gyre advection, local Ekman pumping and surface net heat flux play important roles. Possible air-sea interactions in the North Pacific are also discussed. The oceanic signals for these decadal modes occupy a thick layer in the North Pacific, so that accumulated heat content may in turn support long-term climate variations. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

平稳过滤白噪声激励下海洋桩基平台响应分析

本文研究了平稳过滤白噪声激励下海洋桩基平台响应分析方法，该方法将强地面运动视为三向平稳过滤白噪声随机过程，应用留数定理推导出积分平台响应的表达式。对一水深为１１４．３ｍ的海洋桩基平台进行了平稳过滤白噪声激励下响应的计算，其成果与平稳白噪声激励下的响应和响应谱法计算结果进行了对比，并得出了相应的结论。     

长江口区鱼类群聚结构、丰盛度及其季节变化的研究

长江是世界第三大河,长江三角洲素有金三角之称,在我国国民经济中处于举足轻重的地位。长江口区内接长江,外连东海,是一个相对独立的半咸水体系。长江径流、台湾暖流和黄海水在此交汇、混合,加上气候变化、潮汐涨落、波浪运动,使其理化条件瞬息万变,给生物提供了一个混合、过渡与复杂多变的非生物环境,它与生物群落构成了一个结构复杂、形态多变、功能独特的河口区生态系统。充满生机的生物群落因环境条件的变化而在一定的范围内不断地改变其数量、大小、组成、结构和形态,整个生态系統处于一种动态平衡状态。鱼类在河口生态系统中占据着极重要的位置,在复杂的食物网中处于较高的营养层次,是主要的消费者。长江口区生物生产力高,饵料丰富,栖息着种类繁多、数量丰盛的鱼类,不仅是重要的河口渔场,而且是多种鱼类觅食、繁殖,幼体育肥、庇护的场所,又是数种洄游鱼类进出的通道,因此对鱼类资源的补充及对邻近水域其他渔场(舟山、吕四等渔场)的形成具有特殊意义。 河口是长江的终端,是整个长江流域大系统的一个重要子系统。长江流域大规模开发建设所引起的一系列变化都可能会影响到河口及近海水域,影响河口区生态系统的结构与功能,这种影响可以在鱼类群聚的数量和结构上很快地反应出来;同时,河口区生态环境的变化也会向内、向外影响长江和近海。因此研究长江口鱼类群聚的数量、结构特点及变化规律,将为长江口生态系统的进一步研究,为该水域的环境评价,监测和预估,为鱼类资源的管理等提供基本资料,具有重要的理论和实践意义。 对河口鱼类群聚的研究,近年来受到国内外学者的极大重视,它已成为河口生态系统研究的重要组成部分。近十几年来特别注重应用于生态环境的评价和监测( Hillman et al.,1977; McErlean et al.,1973)。我国对河口鱼类群聚的研究起步较晚,但正日益受到重视。费鸿年等(1981)和杨纪明等曾分别对珠江口及邻近水域和黄河口的鱼类群聚特性进行了研究。王幼槐(1984)、李星颉(1985)、郁尧山(1986)、赵利华和张国祥(1985)等对长江口及邻近水域的鱼类群聚进行过研究。本文对长江口区最主要、最敏感的部分——半咸水区的鱼类群聚的数量、组成、结构特点及其季节变化规律作了较详尽的描述和探讨,力求反映长江河口区鱼类的基本特征和概貌,提供进一步研究的本底资料。     

中国北方大陆下的地幔热柱与岩石圈运动

本文首次提出中国北方大陆下存在一个地幔热柱的论证,并提出亚热柱(sub—plume)的新概念。热柱的中心与边缘部分的隙间熔浆分别为苦橄质玄武岩与碱性玄武岩。在渐新世到中新世约18.4 Ma内,北方大陆以3.26cm/a的速率向东南飘移了约600km,使日本海、渤海—华北平原等脱离热柱。导致晚第三纪日本海扩张的停止,渤海—华北平原等早第三纪火山喷发的突然中止。火山喷发期间,在热柱头部若干个亚热柱的形成,好似若干个“铆钉”穿入岩石圈,有效地阻止了岩石圈的飘移(这时的飘移速率只有0.05cm/a),我们把火山喷发称为固定岩石圈的“铆钉效应”。     

Kinematics and timing of continental block deformation from margins to interiors

During the deformation of continental blocks, the magnitude of tectonic stress generally decreases with increasing distance from the margin of the block. However, the timing and kinematics of stress transmission from the margins to the interiors of continents are poorly resolved, even though this information is critical to our understanding of the dynamics of continental deformation. Here, we present a case study of Mesozoic deformation of the North China Craton (NCC). Field investigations of Mesozoic thrust faults and folds, granitic intrusions and dykes, combined with zircon SHRIMP and LA–ICP–MS dating and muscovite ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar plateau ages, reveal the age of the NE–SW‐trending tectonic belts as ~180–155 Ma, where the deformation of the craton margin occurred 10–20 Ma earlier than that of the craton's interior. Although the kinematics of deformation are similar for the interior and the margin of the NCC, strain decreases with increasing distance from the margin. Notably, the bulk of the strain in the cratonic interior was focused in zones of pre‐existing weakness. Overall, we determined that the NCC deformed under conditions of uniaxial compression, a conclusion that is compatible with simple rheological models, and that the stress magnitude attained in the cratonic interior was much less than that along its margin.