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31.
苏门答腊岛位于东特提斯构造域,沿该岛分布了大量不同时代和成因的花岗岩,但这些花岗岩的形成时代和延伸以及对比均未能得到很好的界定,也限制了对东南亚主要岩浆岩带延伸及其构造背景的理解.对西苏门答腊实武牙地区新识别出的花岗岩体开展了精细的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究.结果显示,3个花岗岩样品的锆石均为典型的岩浆成因,其岩浆年龄分别为215.1±2.4 Ma(MSWD=0.14)、206.1±5 Ma(MSWD=0.22)、214.3±5 Ma(MSWD=0.11),锆石年代学研究表明西苏门答腊存在晚三叠世的岩浆作用.对比东南亚花岗岩省内同期侵入岩认为,西苏门答腊实武牙地区的晚三叠世花岗岩可与东南亚西部花岗岩省进行对比和联系,该套晚三叠世花岗岩可能形成于中特提斯洋初始俯冲的弧后裂谷环境. 相似文献
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松散破碎性地层孔壁失稳一直是困扰钻探工程界的难题之一,增强该类地层的胶结性,提高其力学性能是有效解决孔壁失稳的技术关键。本文将微生物诱导碳酸钙沉积(MICP)技术与CMC无固相钻井液相结合,构建微生物-CMC无固相钻井液体系。通过岩心浸泡实验、X射线衍射实验(XRD)以及扫描电镜分析两种微观分析手段对微生物-CMC无固相钻井液的固壁作用与机理进行了初探。结果表明:微生物-CMC无固相钻井液对松散破碎性地层具有较明显的加固作用,且作用时间越长,初始菌种浓度越高,钙源浓度越大,固壁效果越好。在固壁过程中,微生物随钻井液渗透进入试样内部,在松散颗粒之间诱导生成碳酸钙晶体,填充孔隙空间,将松散颗粒胶结成整体,并具有一定的力学强度,从而达到加固孔壁的目的。本研究结果为解决松散破碎性地层孔壁失稳提供了新的钻井液技术方案。 相似文献
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本文提出矿物分类和识别的人工神经网络模型,并选取一组标样-我国沉积碳酸盐型锰矿中菱锰矿作为研究对象,识别效率达100%。结果表明,该模型性能良好,可望成为矿物识别的有效手段。 相似文献
35.
运用人工神经网络作汛期降水预报 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文提出汛期降水预报的人工神经网络方法,并选择一组标样进行了具体分析,预报成功率达100%,结果表明,该方法性能良好,可望成为汛期降水预报的有效手段。 相似文献
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2011年日本MW9.0地震(简称日本地震)后沂沭断裂带及其两侧地区地震活动显著增强,研究日本地震对该地区地壳运动及地震潜势的影响十分必要.为此,本文通过112个连续GPS观测站获取了研究区高空间分辨率的日本地震同震形变场并得到如下认识:(1)8个定点地球物理观测的同震响应验证了本文同震形变场的可靠性;日本地震的东向拉张使研究区整体上处于张性同震应变状态,但存在局部挤压区域,其中莱州湾至海州湾的挤压条带穿过沂沭断裂带并对断裂带南北两段产生了不同的同震作用,对南段具有拉张作用,对北段产生挤压作用;(2)同震形变场在鲁东隆起和鲁西断块产生了显著的剪应变,地震b值显示上述区域的构造应力在日本地震后增强,因此同震形变场可能改变了这些区域的应力特征;(3)地震矩张量叠加分析显示,同震形变场短期内对鲁西断块、鲁东隆起区和沂沭断裂带南段累积了地震矩,可能有助于上述区域在日本地震以后的地震活动增强;日本地震对沂沭断裂带北段的地震矩具有释放作用,或许是该区域地震活动减弱的原因. 相似文献
39.
S.?P.?BiEmail author N.?Gan X.?C.?Lu H.?Y.?Ni H.?Lin X.?L.?Wang Z.?B.?Wei 《Environmental Geology》2003,45(1):65-71
As the ongoing global research on acid precipitation is developing in depth, more and more attention has been paid to the ecological effects of aluminum (Al) due to its toxicity to plants and animals, which is caused by acid precipitation. As a very serious problem of terrestrial and aquatic environmental acidification occurs in China, especially in southwestern China, a systematic investigation of Al speciation in these regions is very important. In this paper, the Al speciation results of surface waters in China are reported and its ecological impacts is evaluated. More than 100 water samples were collected from about twenty provinces of China. Driscoll's Al speciation scheme combined with the modified MINQEL computer model is used for speciation of Al. This study shows that the ecological impacts of acidification are quite different between China and Western countries, because of different geographical environments and geological settings. In Western countries, acidification is mainly caused by NO2-. Due to low concentrations of K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, the buffer capacities of soil and water are weak. Therefore, natural waters can be acidified to pH<5 very easily, resulting in a considerable mobilization of Al and worsening of the ecological environment. In China, acid precipitation is mainly in the form of sulfuric acid. In northwestern China, concentrations of K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+ are high in soil and surface waters. This leads to much higher capacity and a high resistance ability to acidification. The pH values of waters in this region are high (around 7) and no serious Al toxicity is found at present. However, in northeastern and southeastern China, the soil is rich in Al (unsaturated aluminosilicates in northeastern China, saturated aluminosilicates in north and central China, aluminum-rich soil in southeastern and southwestern China). The concentrations of K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+ in soil and waters are lower than those of northwestern China. Therefore the buffer capacity is limited. Numerous surface waters have already been acidified and pH values declined to 5. The impacts of Al toxicity on ecological systems in these regions are very serious, especially in Jiangxi, Hubei Provinces and Chongqing Municipality. 相似文献
40.
Spatial and temporal trend of sewage pollution indicated by coprostanol in Macao Estuary,southern China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bottom sediments and a 210Pb dated sedimentary core in Macao Estuary were quantitatively analyzed with GC-MS for coprostanol and other sterols. Higher coprostanol concentrations were detected at Port Interior and Lower Qianshan River, indicative of serious sewage pollution from densely populated Macao Island and Zhuhai City. However, very low concentrations of coprostanol were detected around Coloane Island as well as Port Exterior and Maliuzhou River except sites adjacent sewage outlets. Coprostanol pollution in Macao Estuary originates mainly from locally direct discharge of untreated wastewater. The concentrations of coprostanol in ZJ-9 were mainly in range of 150–280 ng/g with an average of 210 ng/g for more than 20 years from early 1970s to early 1990s. However, it increased obviously since 1993, and reached the highest in 1995–1996. However, a sharp decrease of coprostanol concentration from 470 to 31 ng/g after 1996 was observed corresponding to the first wastewater treatment plant in Taipa Island going into action. 相似文献