2021年玛多MS7.4地震前玉树地震台井水温异常特征

2021年5月22日青海果洛州玛多县发生MS7.4地震,震中位于( 34.59°N, 98.34°E) ,其震源机制解显示该地震为高倾角走滑型(张喆,许立生, 2021).玛多地震的发震构造为昆仑山口—江错断裂,是东昆仑断裂的一条分支断裂(王未来等, 2021).玉树地震台位于甘孜—玉树断裂附近.玛多地震震中和玉树地震台均位于巴颜喀拉次级地块内,玉树地震台位于巴颜喀拉地块的南边界.此次地震震中处于玉树地震台的NE方向,距巴颜喀拉地块北边界85 km (图1).     

基于人口统计数据的区域震害快速评估方法

在进行大规模城乡震害预测工作中, 需要使用与传统预测方式不同的新模型及新方法, 以便实现震害快速预测. 利用容易得到的人口统计数据中的人口及建筑抽样信息,通过建筑物分类,在已有的城市建筑震害基础上采用类比方法进行建筑物易损性分析,给出了人口数据及灾害损失的关系模型. 利用该模型建立福建省区域范围的建筑物不同结构平均易损性矩阵,按经济条件给出结构不同年代易损性矩阵调整系数,并建立地震灾害快速评估系统. 应用结果表明, 基于人口统计数据方法进行城乡区域尺度的地震震害评估模型, 具有投入少、 数据自动预测、定期更新且易于获取等优点.      

西藏隆子县恰嘎村辉锑矿地质特征及找矿潜力

西藏隆子县恰嘎村辉锑矿区位于藏南错美—隆子锑金成矿带的中东部,恰嘎村辉锑矿的锑矿化带受近SN向煌斑岩脉与近SN向构造的控制。通过分析恰嘎村辉锑矿地质特征、1∶50000水系沉积物地球化学特征、1∶10 000土壤地球化学特征、1∶10 000物探中梯激电剖面特征和ETM+遥感影像特征等,认为恰嘎村辉锑矿区具有寻找辉锑矿等金属矿产的潜力。     

峨眉地幔柱构造对四川盆地栖霞期沉积格局的影响

一系列地质分析表明,上升的地幔柱通常能造成大规模的地壳抬升以及形成穹窿状隆起地貌,并控制区域古地理格局和沉积相带展布.根据四川盆地内钻遇柄霞组的井下资料,以及盆地内部和周边栖霞组野外露头剖面的岩性、古生物组合及沉积构造特征,并结合前人对峨眉山大火成岩省及峨眉地幔柱的研究资料,本文系统讨论了峨眉地幔柱活动对该区中二叠世柄...     

试验模型变形测量数码照相装置研究

针对矿山开采沉陷相似材料模型试验的特点,提出适合小变形体高精度位移测量的普通数码照相方法,通过在测点周围设置独立的控制格网并进行单点数码照相来获取模型测点的变形量,最后用试验验证该方法的实用性。     

机载激光点云构建西部矿区开采沉陷模型研究

针对榆神矿区地形起伏而植被覆盖度较低的条件,采用无人机激光雷达(LiDAR)对采煤沉陷盆地进行地面扫描和建模,按现有的点云滤波和插值算法所构建的沉陷模型精度不足的问题,该文提出基于格网高程排序的类地面点云提取算法,通过改变格网大小和点云提取比例来优化点云滤波效果,改进了地表沉陷模型的精度。在此基础上,选用概率积分法和GaussAmp函数对沉陷模型进行最小二乘拟合,结果表明GaussAmp函数对于试验区地表动态沉陷模型的拟合精度更高。     

新疆阿合奇县布隆石英重晶石脉型金矿地质特征和硫、氦、氩同位素研究

位于新疆西南天山阿合奇县的布隆金矿赋存于上泥盆统细碎屑岩中,金矿体受层间缓倾斜破碎带控制,矿区内发育重晶石脉、石英大脉、石英重晶石脉,但金矿体只产于石英重晶石脉中,为一种比较少见的石英重晶石脉型金矿床。矿石中黄铁矿的 δ~(34)S 值变化于14.6‰～19.2‰,重晶石的 δ~(34)S 值介于35.0‰～39.6‰,反映硫来自于地层。黄铁矿流体包裹体的~3He/~4He 比值为0.24～0.82 R/Ra,趋近于地壳特征值。~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar=338～471,略高于大气氩的同位素组成。~(40)Ar/~4He 比值0.015～0.412,平均为0.153,与地壳~(40)Ar/~4He 比值(0.156)一致。成矿流体的He、Ar 同位素组成特征反映了成矿流体主要来源于地壳。     

吉林省天宝山多金属矿床遥感,物化探信息综合研究

通过对航片、卫片及数字处理图像的解译，结合物化探资料分析天宝山多金属矿床成矿地质条件，进而圈定找矿靶区。同时，对天宝山头道沟爆发角砾岩型铅锌矿的成矿条件、分布特点、遥感影像特征及成矿模式进行了详细论述。     

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去年12月15日,国土资源部在广西桂林市中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所隆重举行了联合国教科文组织国际岩溶研究中心挂牌成立大会。国际岩溶研究中心是联合国科教文组织在地球科学领域批准成立的第一个国际二类研究中心。国际岩溶研究中心在桂林成立,是联合国教科文组织基于我国丰富的、     

Experimental studies on sand plug formation in suction caisson during extraction

A series of model tests were conducted on Perspex-made suction caissons in saturated dense marine sand to study the sand plug formation during extraction. Suction caissons were extracted by pullout loading or by pumping air into the suction caisson. Effects of the pullout rates, aspect ratios and loading ways (monotonic or sustained) on the pullout capacity, and plug formation were investigated. It was found that the ultimate pullout capacity of the suction caisson increases with increasing the pullout rate. The sand plug formation under the pullout loading is significantly influenced by the pullout rate and the loading way. When the suction caisson is extracted at a relatively slow rate, the general sand boiling through the sand plug along the inner caisson wall occurs. On the contrary, the local sand boiling will occur at the bottom of the suction caisson subjected to a rapid monotonic loading or a sustained loading. Test results of the suction caisson extracted by pumping air into the caisson show that the pressure in the suction caisson almost follows a linear relationship with the upward displacement. The maximum pressures for suction caissons with aspect ratios of 1.0 and 2.0 during extraction by pumping air into the caisson are 1.70 and 2.27 times the maximum suction required to penetrate the suction caisson into sand. It was found that the sand plug moves downward during extraction by pumping air into the caisson and the variation in the sand plug height is mainly caused by the outflow of the sand particles from the inside of the suction caisson to the outside. When the suction caisson model is extracted under the pullout rate of 2?mm/s (0.28?mm/s for the prototype), the hydraulic gradient along the suction caisson wall increases to the maximum value with increasing the penetration depth and then reduces to zero. On the contrary, when extracted under the pullout rate of 10?mm/s (1.4?mm/s for the prototype), the hydraulic gradient along the suction caisson wall increases with increasing the pullout displacement. When extracted by pumping air into the caisson, the hydraulic gradient reaches the critical value, and at the same time, the seepage failure occurs around the suction caisson tip.