Evolution of Ore-Forming Fluids and Ag-Cu Polymetal Mineralization in the Lanping Basin, Yunnan

EVOLUTION OF ORE-FORMING FLUIDS AND Ag-Cu POLYMETAL MINERALIZATION IN THE LANPING BASIN, YUNNAN“KeyProjectforResourcesandEconomics” (95 0 2 0 0 1 0 1)oftheMinistryofLandResources     

GEOCHEMISTRY CONSTRAIN ON TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF PALEO-TETHYS IN SE YUNNAN,CHINA

GEOCHEMISTRY CONSTRAIN ON TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF PALEO-TETHYS IN SE YUNNAN,CHINA     

GRANITOIDS,VOLCANIC ROCKS AND CHERTS FROM NORTH ALTYN TAGH,NW CHINA: IMPLICATION FOR THE TECTONIC ENVIRONMENT DISCRIMINATION

GRANITOIDS,VOLCANIC ROCKS AND CHERTS FROM NORTH ALTYN TAGH,NW CHINA: IMPLICATION FOR THE TECTONIC ENVIRONMENT DISCRIMINATIONtheNationalKeyProjectforBasicResearch (G19980 4 0 80 0 )andtheYoungGeologistsFoundationofthe MGMR(No.Qn979812 )     

TECTONO-SEDIMENTARY EVOLUTION OF THE TERTIARY BASINS IN EASTERN TIBET: CONSTRAINING THE RAISING OF TIBETAN PLATEAU

TECTONO-SEDIMENTARY EVOLUTION OF THE TERTIARY BASINS IN EASTERN TIBET: CONSTRAINING THE RAISING OF TIBETAN PLATEAU1　YinA ,HarrisonTM .TheTectonicEvolutionofAsia[M] ..Cambridge :CambridgeUniversityPress,1996 .4 4 2～ 4 85. 2　SunH ,ZhengD .FormationevolutionanddevelopmentofTibetanPlateau[M ] .Guangzhou :GuangdongScienceandTechnologyPress,1998.73～ 2 30 . 3　ShiY ,LiJ,LiB .UpliftandEnvironmentalChangesofTibetanPlateauintheLateCen…     

CRETACEOUS AND TERTIARY BOUNDARY IN THE TINGRI REGION OF SOUTHERN TIBET

CRETACEOUS AND TERTIARY BOUNDARY IN THE TINGRI REGION OF SOUTHERN TIBETtheNNSFProject(49872 0 0 3)andtheNationalProject (G19980 40 80 0 )ofChina     

CRUSTAL CONFIGURATION OF NW HIMALAYA: EVIDENCES FROM THE ISOSTATIC AND FLEXURAL ANALYSIS OF GRAVITY DATA

CRUSTAL CONFIGURATION OF NW HIMALAYA: EVIDENCES FROM THE ISOSTATIC AND FLEXURAL ANALYSIS OF GRAVITY DATA     

THE PROVENANCE OF THE DHARAMSALA FORMATION

THE PROVENANCE OF THE DHARAMSALA FORMATION1　NajmanY ,GarzantiE .ReconstructingearlyHimalayantectonicevolutionandpaleogeographyfromTertiaryforelandbasinsediments,NorthernIndia[J].GSABulletin ,2 0 0 0 .inpress 2　OliverGJH ,JohnsonMRW ,FallickAE .AgeofmetamorphismintheLesserHimalayaandthemainCentralThrustzone ,GarhwalIndia :resultsofillitecrystallinity ,4 0 Ar 3 9ArfusionandK Arstudies[J].GeolMag 1995 ,132 (2 ) :139～149. 3　PognanteU ,CastelliD ,BennaP ,eta…     

THE PERMIAN SYSTEM OF THE NUJIANG—LANCANGJIANG—JINSHAJIANG AREA, SOUTHWESTERN CHINA

THE PERMIAN SYSTEM OF THE NUJIANG—LANCANGJIANG—JINSHAJIANG AREA, SOUTHWESTERN CHINA     

Ideology and data analysis in African population policies. The case of Kenya

It is argued that the research agenda on fertility decline needs to be explanatory rather than operational and not tied to government policy justification. The research agenda should be set in the broader developmental and geographic contexts and with consideration of cultural practices. Demographic and Health Surveys provide limited biosocial data, which does not provide a fuller analysis of the factors affecting contraceptive use and effectiveness. Clear associations are drawn between rising contraceptive use and fertility decline and are used as supports for national and international policy makers. Although policy formation may be justified by this research agenda, the view is taken that this is "bad science." Kenya has been used as a model for population change in Africa. Kenya is viewed as a country with obvious direct government involvement in policies on fertility reduction, which mirror the ideological biases of the global model. The global model assumes a universal relationship between fertility and contraceptive prevalence and attaches little significance to cultural differences. However, research recognizes that in Africa family relationships, land tenure, and economic organization are different and highly variable. If economic and social variables on Kenya were available, it is possible that the economic change hypothesis could be proven. Kenya has great regional differences and wide gaps in levels of development. For many countries population growth is the key factor in development, and policies reflect the threat of loan conditions or reductions in foreign aid. Many African countries moved in the direction of reducing population growth through improved health and education, more jobs, improved status of women, and other indirect measures. This approach relies on the Western model of demographic transition. This author argues that knowledge and conclusions about fertility in Africa are more conditioned by ideology rather than technical concerns. In the case of Kenya ideology is supported by research, but a fuller explanation of family formation is not yet available. Kenya's population policy is based on the contraception hypothesis, and data are not yet available for testing other alternative child mortality or economic change hypotheses and constructively informing policy makers about fertility decline.     

Trophic structure and functioning in a eutrophic and poorly flushed lagoon in southwestern Taiwan

Tapong Bay, a eutrophic and poorly flushed tropical lagoon, supports intensive oyster culture. Using the Ecopath approach and network analysis, a mass-balanced trophic model was constructed to analyze the structure and matter flows within the food web. The lagoon model is comprised of 18 compartments with the highest trophic level of 3.2 for piscivorous fish. The high pedigree index (0.82) reveals the model to be of high quality. The most-prominent living compartment in terms of matter flow and biomass in the lagoon is cultured oysters and bivalves, respectively. The mixed trophic impacts indicate that phytoplankton and periphyton are the most-influential living compartments in the lagoon. Comparative analyses with the eutrophic and well-flushed Chiku Lagoon and non-eutrophic tropical lagoons show that high nutrient loadings might stimulate the growth and accumulation of phytoplankton and periphyton and therefore support high fishery yields. However, net primary production, total biomass, fishery yields per unit area, and mean transfer efficiency of Tapong Bay were remarkably lower than those of Chiku Lagoon. The lower transfer efficiency likely results from the low mortality of cultured oysters and invasive bivalves from predation or the lower density of benthic feeders constrained by the hypoxic bottom water as a result of poor flushing. This might therefore result in a great proportion of flows to detritus. However, the hypoxic bottom water might further reduce the recycling of the entering detritus back into the food web. In contrast to many estuaries and tropical lagoons, poor flushing of this eutrophic tropical lagoon might induce a shift from detritivory to herbivory in the food web.