全文获取类型
收费全文 | 103128篇 |
免费 | 1582篇 |
国内免费 | 696篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 2259篇 |
大气科学 | 6553篇 |
地球物理 | 20019篇 |
地质学 | 37004篇 |
海洋学 | 9337篇 |
天文学 | 24495篇 |
综合类 | 294篇 |
自然地理 | 5445篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 759篇 |
2021年 | 1282篇 |
2020年 | 1361篇 |
2019年 | 1505篇 |
2018年 | 3129篇 |
2017年 | 2894篇 |
2016年 | 3360篇 |
2015年 | 1666篇 |
2014年 | 3238篇 |
2013年 | 5393篇 |
2012年 | 3547篇 |
2011年 | 4523篇 |
2010年 | 4078篇 |
2009年 | 5179篇 |
2008年 | 4537篇 |
2007年 | 4700篇 |
2006年 | 4284篇 |
2005年 | 3027篇 |
2004年 | 2915篇 |
2003年 | 2725篇 |
2002年 | 2683篇 |
2001年 | 2402篇 |
2000年 | 2289篇 |
1999年 | 1798篇 |
1998年 | 1851篇 |
1997年 | 1747篇 |
1996年 | 1469篇 |
1995年 | 1466篇 |
1994年 | 1253篇 |
1993年 | 1187篇 |
1992年 | 1125篇 |
1991年 | 1129篇 |
1990年 | 1136篇 |
1989年 | 995篇 |
1988年 | 909篇 |
1987年 | 1072篇 |
1986年 | 910篇 |
1985年 | 1149篇 |
1984年 | 1290篇 |
1983年 | 1237篇 |
1982年 | 1141篇 |
1981年 | 1062篇 |
1980年 | 994篇 |
1979年 | 880篇 |
1978年 | 898篇 |
1977年 | 763篇 |
1976年 | 741篇 |
1975年 | 741篇 |
1974年 | 718篇 |
1973年 | 791篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
741.
A non-hydrostatic algorithm for the Regional Oceanic Modeling System (ROMS) is proposed. It is based on a decomposition technique for hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic pressure. The algorithm has a pressure-correction scheme with split-explicit time-stepping for baroclinic and barotropic vertical modes with a free surface. The algorithm implementation requires solving a Poisson equation for a non-hydrostatic pressure that has a non-symmetric matrix in discrete form. The efficiency of a different class of solvers and preconditioners were tested. The algorithm is successfully implemented with several examples where non-hydrostatic effects are important. These include standing external gravity waves; strongly nonlinear internal wave generation and transformation; stratified shear instability and its associated mixing; and nonlinear internal tidal generation over a ridge. The corresponding changes in the pre-processing and post-processing infrastructure in the existing hydrostatic ROMS code were performed to implement parallel elliptic solvers and a new set of dynamical equations. 相似文献
742.
The First Law of Thermodynamics is developed from fundamentals for open, non-equilibrium systems of seawater in motion, exchanging salt and freshwater internally and with their surroundings, and varying continuously in temperature, pressure, and salinity. The aim is clarity and consistency of concepts – and precision in the accompanying vocabulary. Particular attention is given to the way in which salinity variation plays out in the logical structures. The arbitrary constants in the thermodynamic potentials and the various First Law equations are highlighted, in order to remove them, and to recover the physically meaningful content. When this is done, it is seen that salinity variations have little consequence in application of the First Law to the ocean, apart from affecting values of coefficients. 相似文献
743.
Jrg A. Ott 《Marine Ecology》1980,1(1):47-64
Abstract. In situ investigations of growth and production in a stand of Posidonia oceanica (L.) DELILE at a depth of 4 m at Ischia (Gulf of Naples) were carried out over two growing seasons. Posidonia starts to grow in August and an average bundle produces ten leaves in increasing time intervals until May. Growth curves for the leaves are given. Maximum leaf standing crop is in May with 1300 g dry weight per m-2, leaf area index at this time reaches 22 m2 m-2. Leaf net productivity is highest in March with 12 g dry weight per m2 per day. Annual leaf production is estimated as 3110 g dry weight per m2, “underground” production as 115 g dry weight per m2. About half the leaf production is exported from the system. Adaptive strategies of the growth and production pattern are discussed. 相似文献
744.
We describe the methodology and software developed for the numerical analysis of the characteristics of the horizontal and vertical structure of geostrophic currents. We present the results of computation of these characteristics according to the data of the summer survey of the Black Sea carried out as a part of the ComSBlack-92 program. The distinctive features of the space structure of geostrophic currents discovered as a result and the established parameters of their variability may supplement the existing data on the current field in the Black Sea. 相似文献
745.
The high diversity of grain-size parameters of marine and oceanic sediments is determined by hydrodynamical and gravitational processes. Grain-size spectra of the sediments in the World Ocean are represented by two main types. Filtering organisms that passively inherit the proportions of clayey fractions in suspended matter only accelerate the deposition of fine particles, not influencing their distribution at the bottom. 相似文献
746.
Ya. A. Virolainen Yu. M. Timofeev A. V. Polyakov H. Steele M. Newchurch 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2006,42(6):752-764
A statistical ensemble of microphysical parameters of the background stratospheric aerosol at altitudes of 15 to 30 km is modeled on the basis of experimental data. The aerosol attenuation coefficients (AACs) in the wavelength range 0.38–16.3 μm are calculated for all realizations of the ensemble by algorithms of the Mie theory. Analysis of correlations between the AACs and the microphysical parameters indicate that the AAC correlates most strongly with the total volume V and area S of all particles. The errors of determining the microphysical parameters from AAC measurements are analyzed via the method of linear regression. It is shown that, if the AAC is measured with an error of 5%, the errors of determining both the particle size distribution (PSD) for particles with sizes of 0.4 to 4 μm and the parameter S are an order of magnitude smaller than the prior uncertainty, whereas the error of determining V is two orders of magnitude smaller than the prior uncertainty. Schemes of AAC measurements with the SAGE III, ISAMS, CLAES, HALOE instruments and an IR interferometer in the visible and IR regions are discussed. It is shown that combining the schemes makes it possible to extend the range of particle sizes for which the PSD is retrieved with a satisfactory accuracy and to increase the accuracy of determining S and V substantially and the accuracy of determining the total number of particles N opt to a lesser extent. Examples of interpreting AAC measurements carried out simultaneously with the SAGE III and HALOE instruments within the same spatial region are presented. A systematic discrepancy between vertical profiles of S and V obtained from SAGE III and HALOE measurements is revealed. 相似文献
747.
748.
749.
Within the framework of the linear theory taking into account the action of the Coriolis force, we study waves induced in a continuously stratified fluid with one thermocline by periodic variations of pressure on the free surface. The fluid fills a bounded basin of constant depth. We establish the dependences of the wave amplitudes and wave velocities on the period of disturbing pressure. The sequence of transformations of generated waves from the barotropic character of motion to baroclinic depending on changes in the period of disturbing pressure is studied in detail. 相似文献
750.
Fertilisation and larval metamorphosis of reef-building corals are important life history events leading to recruitment of juvenile corals to reef populations. Little is known of the sensitivity of these early life phases to pollution, or their relative susceptibility to certain toxicants compared with established coral colonies. Inhibition of fertilisation and larval metamorphosis of the coral Acropora millepora (Ehrenberg, 1834) was assessed in response to solutions of the antifoulants tributyltin (TBT) and copper (Cu) using laboratory-based bioassays. Nominal concentrations that inhibited 50% fertilisation and metamorphosis (IC50) were calculated from 4 h fertilisation and 24 h metamorphosis assays and were based on introduced dose. Cu was most potent towards fertilisation with an IC50 of 17.4 micrograms/l. TBT however, proved more toxic to larval metamorphosis having an IC50 of 2.0 micrograms/l. Inert surfaces coated with either Cu- or TBT-based antifouling paint also inhibited fertilisation and metamorphosis. The degree of inhibition was correlated with surface area of the paint coating. These results indicate fertilisation and metamorphosis of coral can be sensitive to active components of antifouling paints. 相似文献