西北巴拉望GSEC66.区块深水区石油潜力

本文论述了Philodfill GSEC66区块，即人们称之为“西北Malampaya区块”的石油潜力评价结果。相信该区块存在主要烃类聚集所必需的要素。可能的烃源岩是深水尼多灰岩，早第三纪同裂谷期前尼多沉积和前第三纪沉积。潜在储集层包括尼多礁隆、尼多和前尼多碎屑岩和，或破碎碳酸盐岩，早中新世Galoc碎屑浊积岩和前尼多沉积。该地区识别出的主要油藏类型是晚渐新世一早中新世礁和侵蚀／喀斯特碳酸岩高地。在对已有的1982年以前地震资料评价后，又采集了1，625km的地震资料。新的地震资料解释后，在这一地区划出了11个预选区，其中2个勘探区（Santa Monica和Ipil勘探区）。Santa Monica是在尼多灰岩上圈出的一个十字倾角圈闭，垂直闭合高度超过457m，闭合面积超过83km^2。Ipil勘探区发育在尼多灰岩台地面上，具缓倾闭合特征，闭合面积超过47km^2，垂直闭合高度122m。这个大型勘探圈出的技术价值与菲律宾十分有利的深水勘探条件及其邻近的即将开发的Malapaya—Camago油气田结合，使这一区块成为今后勘探工作中一个极具前景的地区。     

高能波控陆架的风暴沉积和风暴层序——以澳大利亚东南部陆架为例

根据浅层地震和钻孔资科,将澳大利亚东南部研究地区高能波控陆架风暴沉积分为直立风暴层、叠瓦状风暴层、无序风暴层、水平风暴层和纹层状风暴层等五类.各类风暴层及风暴层与非风暴层组合而成悬移风暴层序、悬移-推移混合风暴层序和推移风暴层序三大类.中陆架风暴沉积与现今近岸和水下岸坡相似,岩性、岩相和古生物属海岸带,风暴沉积厚,底板埋深大,组成物质粗.推断中陆架风暴沉积当形成于冰后期海侵、该地带处在近岸带和水下岸坡环境时,此时海面上升速度可能减缓,或趋近于零,甚至可能有短时间的下降.     

印度洋马尔代夫礁岛演化的新模式

珊瑚礁岛是由钙质砂砾堆积形成的，这些砂砾构成了环礁和其他礁台的表层。礁岛的低海拔高度、小规模尺寸和对局部礁积物的依赖性使它们深受气候变化和海平面上升的影响，因此，礁岛的稳定性对于只能在这种岛上居住生存的珊瑚礁国家来说是需要考虑的头等大事。我们要增强对礁岛沉积历史的研究，得出将来解决礁岛稳定性的最佳方案。     

Cloning of a chub metallothionein cDNA and development of competitive RT-PCR of chub metallothionein mRNA as a potential biomarker of heavy metal exposure

Metallothionein has been assayed in a range of aquatic animal tissues as an indicator of metal exposure. We sequenced chub (Leuciscus cephalus) metallothionein cDNA which showed over 90% homology to common carp, goldfish and stone loach and 77% homology to rainbow trout sequences for metallothionein. We then used the extended primer method to develop an accurate quantitative competitive RT-PCR assay for metallothionein mRNA. RT-PCR was used to measure metallothionein mRNA in feral chub from a range of field sites, with different levels of heavy metal pollution, in the West Midlands, UK. Measurements were complemented by analysis of liver and gill metallothionein protein by capillary electrophoresis. There was no significant difference in the metallothionein protein levels between fish of different rivers and there was no evidence of elevation of mRNA at the sites of highest metal exposure. The level of metal exposure (e.g. zinc, nickel and cadmium each ranging between 15 and 28 microg/l ) at the pH (7.5-8.5) of these rivers appears insufficient to elevate hepatic or gill metallothionein in chub. A lack of elevation of hepatic metallothionein mRNA in chub exposed to zinc, copper and manganese for 24 h and 10 days in the laboratory also suggests a non-responsiveness of this species.     

西南太平洋彭林海盆表层和埋藏锰结核成分和生长史

本文所研究的样品由《Hakurei—maru》号科学考察船进行的GH80—1和GH83—3两个航次所采集．这两次航行的目的是作为日本“中太平洋锰结核调查”五年计划(1979—1983)任务的一部分，在威克-塔希提横断层上进行地质调查(GSJ)。     

2100公里南北向深层地震反射剖面反映的中印度洋板内缩短

自中印度洋被确认为是大洋岩石圈活动压缩变形的场所以来，人们已经竭尽全力来确定该地区的缩短量．其目的是了解在很高压应力下的板内变形会对周围板块的运动学起什么作用以及大洋岩石圈的机械反映．使用了下面4种不同的方法来定量分析变形速率：     

由偏顶蛤贝壳中稳定同位素剖面追溯海水温度记录

本文用在加拿大诺瓦·斯科舍省芬克湾采集到的两只活体偏顶蛤(Modiolus)贝壳上的氧同位素组成重建了过去十年间的底层海水温度记录,它也可作为一种独立的方法来确定贝壳上外生长线的沉积时间。由于对贝壳进行了密集采样(可多至每个贝壳沉积年份取15个样品),贝壳上的δ~(16)O变化反映了芬克湾底层海水的季节性变化。两只贝壳所得的温度剖面符合得很好,说明它们基本上是与真实的环境温度相对应的。本研究证明在海胆疾病爆发时底层海水的温度并没有异常升高,这说明疾病传播的关键因素是带病的生物体,而不是温度。同位素技术也说明了在贝壳外表面上可见的外生长线是年轮性的,它们是在每年冬季最低水温时沉积出来的。     

A cDNA microarray technique applied for analysis of global gene expression profiles in tributyltin-exposed ascidians

To analyze global gene expressions, we constructed a cDNA microarray from a basal chordate, the ascidian Ciona intestinalis. Ciona is a cosmopolitan species and a genomic analysis of Ciona revealed that ascidians had approximately 15,500 protein-coding genes. Our "Ciona intestinalis cDNA chip version 1 (Ci cDNA chip ver. 1)" has arrayed 13,400 unique Ciona cDNAs. To establish a detection system for gene expression profiles in wild ascidians using a cDNA microarray, we analyzed gene expressions in the whole body of Ciona adults after exposure to 100 nM tributyltin (TBT) for 24 h. In our preliminary array data using Ci cDNA chip ver. 1, we found more than 200 genes that showed strong differential expressions. These genes encoded proteins that were concerned with stress response, detoxification, oxidoreduction reaction, biosynthesis, and catabolism. This, the first large cDNA microarray of this animal, should facilitate analyses of global gene expressions following exposure to TBT.