Modeling photosynthesis and the growth of marine phytoplankton

The paper analyzes the most popular models of photosynthesis and growth of marine phytoplankton in the literature and demonstrates their limitations. A new approach to modeling is proposed and used to obtain new models of marine phytoplankton photosynthesis and growth. An important feature of the proposed models is their ability to describe coupled multisubstrate cyclical interactions typical of biochemical and physiological processes. As a first approximation, the mathematical models are represented by equations of nonrectangular hyperbolas. The models describe the stoichiometry of extraction of elements from the medium, whatever the degree of their limitation, an important feature in describing biogeochemical cycles of elements. This stoichiometry is governed by measurable internal parameters of an organism (substrate parameters) and can be a key cause of stoichiometric formation of elements in the ambient medium, described, for example, by the Redfield ratio. The substrate constants are fundamental characteristics of the models, which form “automatically” in the construction of model equations in arbitrary units.     

Experiment of Wind Wave Parameter Research on the Black Sea Shelf

The article presents information on the current experiment of research on wind wave parameters in the Black Sea coastal zone. Two wave-meter devices are the part of the measuring equipment of the Black Sea testing site Gelendzhik of the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology (IO RAS). The integral characteristics of wind waves accumulated and obtained in real time may be in demand by experts in operational and satellite oceanography.

     

Components of Oil Pollution in Water and Bottom Sediments of the Northeastern Part of the Russian Black Sea Region

Oceanology - The results of studies of oil pollution (by the sum of hydrocarbons and resinous substances) of water and bottom sediments in the northeast Black Sea in spring and autumn are...     

Concentration and Isotopic and Elemental Composition of Organic Matter in Subsea Thawed and Permafrost Deposits of Buor-Khaya Bay

Oceanology - A comparative analysis of the content and composition of organic matter (OM) in samples of bottom sediments and subaqueous permafrost rocks by the concentration of organic carbon (OC),...     

Spatiotemporal Variations in the Content of Pollutants in the Moscow Air Basin and Their Emissions

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The location of Moscow on a plain within higher latitudes when compared to other megacities creates conditions for the chemical transformation of...     

Relationship between Anomalies of the Rate of Snow Cover Formation in Western Siberia and Atmospheric Dynamics in the Northern Hemisphere in the Autumn–Winter Season

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The relationship between the anomalies of the intensity of snow cover formation in Western Siberia (WS) and thermodynamic state of the atmosphere of...     

Sapphirine-Bearing Ultrahigh-Temperature Granulites of the Anabar Shield: Chemical Composition,U–Pb Zircon Ages,and <Emphasis Type="Italic">P</Emphasis>–<Emphasis Type="Italic">T</Emphasis> Conditions of Metamorphism

The results of thermobarometry yielded the P–T parameters of formation and evolution of sapphirine- bearing granulites in the Anabar shield with peak values of UHT metamorphism in the range of T = 920–1000°C at P = 9–11 kbar. Isotope–geochronological data indicate a polymetamorphic evolution of these rocks. Detrital zircon cores in the center of crystals yielded ages of 3.36, 2.75, 2.6, and 2.5 Ga. Later, superimposed metamorphic transformations of the detrital zircon formed rims dated to 2.4, 2.3, 2.2, and 1.83 Ga. A potential provenance source of the detrital zircons could be hypersthene plagiogneisses and metabasics of the Daldyn Group with a premetamorphic age no less than 3.32 Ga and products of their metamorphism of about 2.7 Ga old.     

Evolution of the Processes of Mineral Formation in Early Vendian Terrigenous Rocks of the Nepa–Botuoba Anteclise

Lithology and Mineral Resources - Main regularities in the manifestation of epigenetic processes in Lower Vendian terrigenous rocks of the Nepa–Botuoba anteclise are established. Evolution of...     

The Volch’etundrovsky Massif of the autonomous anorthosite complex of the Main Range, the Kola Peninsula: Geological, petrogeochemical, and isotope-geochronological studies

The Volch??etundrovsky Massif occupies the middle part of the autonomous anorthosite complex of the Main Range, has a sheet morphology and marks the tectonic suture between the Kola block and the Belomorian mobile belt. The massif is characterized by homogenous structure and consists of the volumetrically dominant Main Zone including leucogabbro, leucogabbronorites, and anorthosites, and Marginal Zone made up of leuconorites and gabbronorites with subordinate plagioclasites and orthopyroxenites. Chemically, the rocks of the Volch??etundrovsky Massif are ascribed to the normal (tholeiitic and calc-alkaline) petrochemical series with typomorphic high Al₂O₃ contents (11.71?C29.32 wt %). With Al₂O₃ increase in the leuconorite-anorthosite series, the SiO₂ and TiO₂ contents show weak variations, CaO and alkalis insignificantly increase, whereas the MgO and FeO contents sharply decrease. The rocks of the Volch??etundrovsky Massif reveal significant REE fractionation and increase in total REE content in the leuconorite-anorthosite series, most approximating the Paleoproterozoic (Sumian) anorthosites of the Kola region. The anorthosites and leucogabbro are characterized by flat HREE, while the leuconorites is strongly depleted in HREE due to garnet fractionation. All rocks of the massif have significant positive Eu anomalies caused by the plagioclase accumulation. Zircons are characterized by LREE depletion and enrichment in HREE. This defines the steep positive slope of the plots complicated by the negative Eu and positive Ce (in zircons from leucogabbro) anomalies, which is typical of the REE distribution patterns in the unaltered zircons from igneous rocks. In zircons from anorthosites, the Ce anomaly is weak to absent. The trace-element distribution in the rocks of the Volch??etundrovsky Massif show positive Ba, Ta, Pb, Sr, Sc, and V anomalies, being controlled by the mineral specifics of the massif and the presence of definite accessory minerals. New U-Pb zircon data on the rocks of the Volch??etundrovsky Massif indicate that the leuconorites from the Marginal Zone were formed 2473 ± 7 Ma and 2463 ± 2.4 Ma ago, and the leucogabbro from the Main Zone, 2467 ± 8 Ma. These rocks have negative ?_Nd(T) from -1.54 up to -3.10, which indicates their derivation from enriched mantle reservoir variably contaminated by crustal material. The anorthosites of the Main Zone define an U-Pb age of 2407 ± 3 Ma and ?_Nd(T) = ?3.78, which presumably reflect the timing of hydrothermal-metasomatic alterations in the upper part of the magmatic chamber accompanied by significant crustal contamination.