江苏六合新生代玄武岩中地幔捕虏体的硫化物相研究

江苏六合一带碱性玄武岩中的出露有以尖晶石二辉橄榄岩为主的地幔捕虏体,这些地幔矿物中普遍有硫化物相出现：（１）被寄主矿物捕获的早期硫化物颗粒。（２）产于矿物晶粒边界或次生裂隙充填物,（３）硫化物包裹体,包括单相硫的包裹体、硫化物－玻璃两相熔体包裹体和ＣＯ／２－硫化物－玻璃（含硅酸盐子矿物）的多相包裹体,电子探针分析表明,硫化物包裹体比例隙中硫化物具有更高的相对Ｆｅ和Ｓ含量,较低的Ｎｉ含量。硫化物包裹     

T106数值预报产品误差检验和分析

运用国家气象中心数控室提供的T106数值产品资料,分别对1997年夏季(7-8月)预报场中的5个要素、5个时次、3个层次、4个关键区的预报值和分析值进行对比分析,检验结果对于在业务预报中进一步用好T106数值预报产品,指导业务预报,具有重要的意义.     

利用Push-over方法评价桥梁的抗震安全性

建立了桥梁破损极限状态的定量准则,对Ｐｕｓｈ－ｏｖｅｒ方法涉及的若干技术环节,包括约束钢筋混凝土截面弯矩曲率关系、位移延性系数与曲率延性系数的关系以及评价反应谱进行了分析,并给出了一个利用Ｐｕｓｈ－ｏｖｅｒ方法评价桥梁抗震安全性的应用实例。     

风化花岗岩声谱特征分析

岩石材料可视为声波的天然低通滤波器 ,声波在不同力学性质岩石材料中传播时 ,由于岩石对声波吸收程度不等因而高频声波滤除状况也不同。接收波中频率丰富程度与岩 石 的力学性质密切相关,岩石力学强度愈高,声谱中高频成分就愈丰富。反之,声谱中主要为 低频,高频分量因衰减而缺失。实验采用全数字化DB4型多波参数分析仪和计算机,对波形 数据进行FFT分析,通过接收谱和频率响应的特征来研究岩石的力学性质。声衰减研究可为 岩石、岩体强度和综合评价提供更多、更可靠的信息,是解决工程地质风化岩问题研究的一 种可行方法。     

建立1∶20万(1∶5万)数字地质图空间数据库的方法(内蒙古部分)

本文总结了建立数字地质图空间数据库的工作方法与步骤 ,详细阐述了内蒙古部分建库的总体设计 ,为实用型 GIS的建库工作和实施提供参考。     

MapX组件在煤系高岭岩（土）资源管理及评价中的应用初探

介绍了GIS体系结构和组件式GIS特点,在VisualBasic 6.0开发环境中与MapX组件集成开发了中国煤系高岭岩 (土)资源管理系统。系统实现了属性数据和空间数据的管理,具有二者的快速查询和定位,专题图渲染、鹰眼图浏览等功能。还结合模糊综合评判与层次分析法对中国煤系高岭岩(土)矿物品质进行了评价。      

城市破坏性地震应急预案的编制与修订要点探讨

破坏性地震应急预案是城市防震减灾工作的核心内容之一, 是破坏性地震发生后进行应急处置的指导性文件。 根据综合分析国外部分地区的防灾规划中地震应急处置的内容与特点, 研究了目前我国部分城市的破坏性地震应急预案现状和存在问题。 并在此基础上, 探讨了城市破坏性地震应急预案中防御水准的制定、 灾害信息的收集和传递、 辅助决策保障、 应急救灾反应以及对人文和环境的考虑等关键问题及其解决方法, 为城市破坏性地震应急预案的编制或修订提供参考。     

Dating palaeo‐seismic faulting in the Taiwan Mountain Belt

In‐situ ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar laser microprobe dating was carried out on the Hoping pseudotachylite from a mylonite‐fault zone in the metamorphosed basement complex of the active Taiwan Mountain Belt to determine the timing of the responsible earthquake(s). The dating results, distributed from 3.2 to 1.6 Ma with errors ranging from 0.2 to 1.1 Ma, were derived from a combination of two Ar isotopic system end‐members with inverse isochron ages of 1.55 ± 0.05 and 2.87 ± 0.07 Ma, respectively. Petrographical observations reveal fault melt containing ultracataclasites, therefore the older inverse isochron end‐member may be attributed to the relic wall rock Ar isotopic system contained in micro‐breccia. Without significant Ar loss expected, the ~1.6 Ma for the young end‐member defines the exact time of the pseudotachylite formation. Seismic faulting therefore occurred during basement rock exhumation in the Taiwanese hinterland.     

Estimating anisotropic aquifer parameters by artificial neural networks

In recent years, many approaches have been developed using the artificial neural networks (ANN) model incorporated with the Theis analytical solution to estimate the effective hydrological parameters for homogeneous and isotropic porous media, such as the Lin and Chen approach (ANN approach) and the principal component analysis (PCA)‐ANN approach. The above methods assume a full superimposition of the type curve and the observed drawdown and try to use the first time‐drawdown data as a match point to make a fine approximation of the effective parameters. However, using first time‐drawdown data or early time‐drawdown data does not always allow for an accurate estimation of the hydrological parameters, especially for heterogeneous and anisotropic aquifers. Therefore, this article corrects the concept of the superimposed plot by modifying the ANN approach and the PCA‐ANN approach, as well as incorporating the Papadopoulos analytical solution, to estimate the transmissivities and storage coefficient for anisotropic, homogeneous aquifers. The ANN model is trained with 4000 training sets of the well function, and tested with 1000 sets and 300 sets of synthetic time‐drawdown generated from the homogeneous and heterogeneous parameters, respectively. In situ observation data from the time‐drawdown at station Shi‐Chou on the Choushui River alluvial fan, Taiwan, is further adopted to test the applicability and reliability of the proposed methods, as well as provide a basis for comparison with the Straight‐line method and the Type‐curve method. Results suggest that both of the modified methods perform better than the original ones, and using late time‐drawdown to optimize the effective parameters is shown to be better than using early time‐drawdown. Additionally, results indicate that the modified ANN approach is better than the modified PCA‐ANN approach in terms of precision, while the efficiency of the modified PCA‐ANN approach is approximately three times better than that of the modified ANN approach. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.