海洋生态文明建设对海域使用论证工作的具体指导

海洋生态文明建设是我国生态文明建设的重要组成部分。海域使用论证作为各类用海项目用海可行性分析的技术性分析工作,在论证工作中引导用海项目贯彻海洋生态文明建设理念,落实海洋生态文明建设具体方案,极具现实意义。文章按照海域使用论证工作流程,依据海洋生态文明建设具体方案,按阶段分析了海域使用论证工作的具体工作内容,以求通过海域使用论证工作落实海洋生态文明建设对用海项目的具体指导。     

山东省入境旅游业、海洋经济与经济发展的关联机制研

海洋经济已成为我国新的经济增长点,山东省作为全国海洋资源大省,海洋经济占山东省整体经济比重较大且逐步增强,海洋经济建设是山东省经济腾飞的重要驱动。在国际化趋势大背景下,入境旅游业成为海洋经济发展的新引擎,但因金融危机暴发和全球经济触底,山东省入境旅游业和海洋经济发展随之减速。在中韩自贸区和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”建设契机下,通过入境旅游业推动并支持海洋经济发展成为重要着力点。文章通过中介传导模型,利用回归分析,根据相关统计数据,研究山东省海洋经济、入境旅游业与经济发展的关系,并针对研究结果提出相关政策建议。     

锈蚀钢筋在疲劳荷载作用下压磁场分布研究

针对锈蚀钢筋的疲劳损伤与寿命评估中的难度大、精度低等问题,引入压磁检测技术,对锈蚀钢筋疲劳过程中的压磁场分布进行检测,从宏观与微观相结合的角度分析压磁场分布与疲劳损伤之间的联系。试验结果表明,锈蚀钢筋的压磁场分布能够反映疲劳损伤的演变规律,疲劳后期非线性特征加剧,锈蚀率及应力幅越大则变化越为明显,磁感强度值、磁场分布梯度、"反转"现象等均有助于进行疲劳损伤评价与寿命预测。研究结果可为压磁无损检测技术在钢筋混凝土结构中的应用提供依据。     

Climate–growth relationship stability of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Picea crassifolia</Emphasis> on an elevation gradient,Qilian Mountain,Northwest China

Climate affects Picea crassifolia growth and climate change will lead to changes in the climate–growth relationship (i.e., the “divergence” phenomenon). However, standardization methods can also change the understanding of such a relationship. We tested the stability of this relationship by considering several variables: 1) two periods (1952–1980 and 1981–2009), 2) three elevations (2700, 3000, and 3300 m), and 3) chronologies detrended using cubic splines with two different flexibilities. With increasing elevation, the climatic factor limiting the radial growth of Picea crassifolia shifted from precipitation to temperature. At the elevation of 2700 m, the relationship between radial growth and mean temperature of the previous December changed so that the more flexible spline had a greater precipitation signal. At the elevation of 3000 m, positive correlation of radial growth with mean temperature and precipitation in September of the previous year became more significant. At the elevation of 3300 m, positive correlation between radial growth and precipitation of the current summer and the previous spring and autumn was no longer significant, whereas the positive correlation between radial growth and temperature of the current spring and summer strengthened. The detrending with the most flexible spline enhanced the precipitation signal at 2700 m, while that with the least flexible spline enhanced the temperature signal at 3300 m. All results indicated that the divergence phenomenon was affected by the climatic signals in the chronologies and that it was most dependent on the detrending method. This suggests it is necessary to select a suitable spline bootstrap for studies of growth divergence phenomena.     

Phase characteristic analysis of continuous depth air-gun source wavelet

Air guns are important sources for marine seismic exploration. Far-field wavelet of air gun arrays, as a necessary parameter for pre-stack processing and source models, plays an important role during marine seismic data processing and interpretation. When an air gun fires, it generates a series of air bubbles. Similar to onshore seismic exploration, the water forms a plastic fluid near the bubble; the farther the air gun is located from the measurement, the more steady and more accurately represented the wavelet will be. In practice, hydrophones should be placed more than 100 m from the air gun; however, traditional seismic cables cannot meet this requirement. On the other hand, vertical cables provide a viable solution to this problem. This study uses a vertical cable to receive wavelets from 38 air guns and data are collected offshore Southeast Qiong, where the water depth is over 1000 m. In this study, the wavelets measured using this technique coincide very well with the simulated wavelets and can therefore represent the real shape of the wavelets. This experiment fills a technology gap in China.     

基于恐龙足迹重建攀西地区白垩纪恐龙动物群

攀西地区没有白垩纪恐龙骨骼化石记录,对该区白垩纪恐龙动物群组合的认识尚属空白。1991年,攀西地区首次发现了恐龙足迹,此后陆续发现了8个足迹点。这些足迹点共发现9种不同的非鸟恐龙足迹(6种非鸟兽脚类、1种蜥脚类和2种鸟脚类足迹),以及翼龙和龟类足迹。共11种足迹形态类型由185道行迹(与孤立足迹)组成,可能代表着同等数量的造迹者。其中飞天山组的组合多样性最强,小坝组和雷打树组较弱。这个相对全面的足迹数据库,为该地区白垩纪四足类的古生态学普查提供了动物群的组成信息,这在该缺乏骨骼化石的地区显得尤为重要。     

西藏谢通门地区中侏罗世花岗岩的地球化学特征及时代依据

西藏谢通门县一带区域上属于冈底斯花岗岩带南亚带,侵入岩极其发育,目前填绘有白垩纪、古近纪和新近纪岩体。通过同位素年代学研究,获得12个锆石的U-Pb同位素年龄数据,在原划归白垩纪、古近纪和新近纪岩体中解体出侏罗纪侵入体,按其岩石类型特征,归并为早侏罗世东热村序列和中侏罗世东嘎乡序列。其中,在约拉嘎莫岩体中获得锆石U-Pb同位素年龄166.9±2.8Ma,时代为中侏罗世巴柔期。     

Influencing factors of seed long-distance dispersal on a fragmented forest landscape on Changbai Mountains,China

Seed long-distance dispersal(LDD) events are typically rare, but are important in the population processes that determine large-scale forest changes and the persistence of species in fragmented landscapes. However, previous studies focused on species dispersed via animal-mediated LDD, and ignored those dispersed by wind. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of canopy openness, edge, seed source, and patch tree density on the LDD of seeds by wind in forest. We collected birch seeds, a typical wind-dispersed species, throughout a larch plantation. We then assessed the relationship between birch LDD and each factor that may influence LDD of seeds by wind including distance to edge, canopy openness size, distance to mature forest, and the tree density of the larch plantation. We used univariate linear regression analysis to assess the influence of those factors on birch LDD, and partial correlations to calculate the contribution of each factor to LDD. The results showed that both canopy openness and edge had significant influences on birch LDD. Specifically, a negative relationship was observed between distance to edge and birch LDD, whereas there was a positive correlation between canopy openness size and LDD. In contrast, the distance to the mature forest was not correlated with birch LDD. Our results suggest that patch tree density could potently affect the probability of LDD by wind vectors, which provides novel and revealing insights regarding the effect of fragmentation on wind dynamics. The data also provide compelling evidence for the previously undocumented effect of habitat fragmentation on wind-dispersed organisms. As such, these observations will facilitate reasonable conservation planning, which requires a detailed understanding of the mechanisms by which patch properties hamper the delivery of seeds of wind-dispersed plants to fragmented areas.