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地球表面的温度信号向地下传播并影响地下温度剖面,这种温度剖面可从钻孔中测量,通过分析可重建过去表面温度变化.虽然认识到表面温度变化对地下温度和热流的影响已有很长时间,但仅在20世纪80年代以后钻孔温度剖面才被广泛应用于气候变化研究.钻孔气候方法与其他重建过去气候的近似方法不同,因为它是基于温度剖面测量与过去气候,即地表温度(GST)、重构参数的直接物理联系之上的.钻孔温度气候研究方法已被证实可以重建过去地表温度趋势,并且最终可结合表面气温序列估计其预观测平均值(POMs).钻孔温度剖面并不是地表温度的代用指标,而是地球大陆表面能量平衡的直接测量.这种地下的信号通过热扩散衰减非常快,因而对从地下温度测量数据中提取过去气候变化信息的方法施加了一个物理限制.描述由钻孔中测量的温度—深度剖面来重建GST历史的基本特征及问题. 相似文献
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热融滑塌是山地多年冻土退化最直接的表现形式之一,通过解译祁连山俄博岭地区遥感影像,结合实地考察,对俄博岭热融滑塌的空间分布和时间变化进行了研究,明确了热融滑塌的发育特征。结果表明,俄博岭热融滑塌发育活跃,1997~2015年热融滑塌数量增加(11~13个),面积增大(7765~20605m^2),其中1997~2009年面积增加速率为679.9m^2/a,2009~2015年面积增加速率为780.2m^2/a。通过分析热融滑塌景观分布与地形因子的关系,发现俄博岭热融滑塌在海拔3570~3700m,坡度3°~10°的富冰多年冻土区北向斜坡发育;通过对典型热融滑塌溯源后退速率分析发现,1997~2009年其平均后退速率为2m/a,2009~2015年平均后退速率为5m/a,呈明显增大趋势,且其后退速率主要与坡度、地下冰含量和地表径流相关。 相似文献
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Ground-based measurements are essential for understanding alpine glacier dynamics,especially in remote regions where in-situ measurements are extremely limited.Prom 1 May to 22 July 2005(the spring-summer period),and from 2 October 2007 to 20 January 2008(the autumn-winter period),surface radiation as well as meteorological variables were measured over the accumulation zone on the East Rongbuk Glacier of Mt. Qomolangma/Everest at an elevation of 6560 m a.s.l.by using an automatic weather station(AWS).The... 相似文献
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Effects of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Insulin-like Growth Factor on Cultured Cartilage Cells from Skate Raja porasa 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and insulin-like growth factor Ⅱ(IGF-Ⅱ) on cartilage cells from proboscis of skate, Raja porasa Glinther, were investigated in this study. The cartilage cells were cultured in 20% FBS-supplemented MEM medium at 24℃. Twelve hours after culture initiation, the cartilage cells were treated with bFGF and IGF-Ⅱ at different concentration combinations. It was found that 20 ng/ml of bFGF or 80 ng/ml of IGF-Ⅱ was enough to have obvious stimulating effect on the growth and division of skate cartilage cells. Test of bFGF and IGF-Ⅱ together, revealed that 20 ng/ml of bFGF and 80 ng/ml of IGF-Ⅱ together had the best stimulating effect on the growth and division of skate cartilage cells. The cartilage cells cultured could form a monolayer at day 7. 相似文献
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Xuanwen Zhang Xiaohong Liu Wenzhi Wang Tingjun Zhang Xiaomin Zeng Guobao Xu Guoju Wu Huhu Kang 《水文研究》2018,32(10):1449-1460
The thermal and moisture balance of permafrost regions has been altered by global warming, profoundly influencing vegetation dynamics and forest carbon cycling. To understand the spatial and temporal characteristics and driving forces responsible for changes in moisture conditions in the permafrost region of the Greater and Lesser Hinggan Mountains, northeastern China, we assessed long‐term trends for temperature, precipitation, and the standardized precipitation‐evapotranspiration index. From 1951 to 2014, annual mean temperature had a significant increase trend and the annual precipitation was not with significant trend. Since 1951, the annual standardized precipitation‐evapotranspiration index has decreased significantly at the boundary between regions with seasonal soil freezing and permafrost, suggesting that conspicuous permafrost degradation and moisture loss has occurred. The study area can be divided into 4 parts with a different balance between thermal and moisture conditions: the northern Songnen Plains, the Hulun Buir Sand Land, the middle reaches of the Heilongjiang River, and the Mohe region. However, only the middle reaches of the Heilongjiang River showed an obvious long‐term drying trend. The 4 areas showed quasi‐periodic oscillation and sea surface temperature during the winter half‐year affected drought intensity in the northern of Songnen Plains. When El Niño strengthened, moisture conditions increased in the northern of Songnen Plains, whereas stronger La Niña events decreased water availability. The result of this study will be beneficial for regional water resource management and prepare for potential drought hazards in the northeastern China. 相似文献
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Tingjun Fan Xiuzhong Hu Liyan Wang Xiaofen Geng Guojian Jiang Xiuxia Yang Miaomiao Yu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2012,11(1):65-69
Turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.) reddish body iridovirus(TRBIV) was propagated in turbot fin cells(TF cells) and inactivated as the TRBIV vaccine with its protection efficiency evaluated in this study.TF cells were cultured in 10% bovine calf serum(BCS)-containing MEM medium(pH7.0) at 22℃,in which TRBIV propagated to a titer as high as 105.6 TCID50 mL-1.The TRBIV was inactivated with 0.1% formalin and formulated with 0.5% aluminum hydroxide.The inactivated vaccine caused neither cytopathogenic effect(CPE) on TF cells nor pathogenic effect on turbots.After being administered with the vaccine twice via muscle injection,the turbot developed high-tittered TRBIV neutralizing antibodies in a dose-dependent manner.The vaccine protected the turbot from dying with an immunoprotection rate of 83.3% as was determined via subcutaneous vaccination in the laboratory and 90.5% via bath vaccination in turbot farms,respectively.The inactivated vaccine was very immunogenic,efficiently preventing tur-bot from death.It holds the potential of being applied in aquaculture. 相似文献
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欧亚大陆积雪分布及其类型划分 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用1966-2012年欧亚大陆1152个地面气象台站积雪深度资料,对欧亚大陆积雪深度、累计积雪天数和连续积雪天数的空间分布进行了分析,以连续积雪天数为标准对欧亚大陆季节性积雪类型进行了划分,并与应用累计积雪天数对积雪区类型的划分进行了比较研究. 结果表明:欧亚大陆积雪分布具有显著纬度地带性特征,积雪深度、累计积雪天数和连续积雪天数的大值分布区均位于俄罗斯平原的东北部、科拉半岛、西西伯利亚平原、中西伯利亚高原以及俄罗斯远东北部大部分区域. 与累计积雪天数划分方法相比,利用连续积雪天数对欧亚大陆季节性积雪分区,在前苏联地区积雪类型分区差异并不显著,但蒙古和中国的稳定积雪区明显缩减,青藏高原无稳定积雪区,中国大部分地区为非周期性不稳定积雪区. 两种积雪分区划分方法比较结果显示,连续积雪天数划分方法更能体现积雪累积的连续性和持久性,更符合对稳定积雪和不稳定积雪的划分标准. 相似文献