濮阳棉铃虫气象预报模式的建立与应用

根据濮阳市气象条件的变化对棉铃虫特别是对棉铃虫虫源影响的特点,按照棉铃虫繁育规律,将棉铃虫周年活动期划分为秋季预蛹期、越冬期、春季羽化期、夏季危害期4个阶段;分阶段选取有昆虫学、统计学意义的气象因子,通过归一化处理和加权组合,组成棉铃虫气象指数,建立多时效、归一化棉铃虫气象预报模式和分析、评价指标.     

相同强度双台风相互作用的物理机制

在无基本气流的假定下,应用无辐数正压模式研究双台风相互作用的物理机制。台风Ａ位于观风Ｂ以西,两台风相距６０ｋｍ,且具有相同的强度。在台风Ａ（台风Ｂ）的非对称流场中,由台风Ａ（台风Ｂ）的线性β效应产生的非对称涡旋的方位相位与由台风Ｂ（台风Ａ）形成的非对称涡旋方位相位相反（相同）。因此,台风Ａ（台风Ｂ）的大尺度非对称涡旋较弱（较强）。小尺度涡旋逆时针旋转导致台风Ａ逆时将打转。稳定的偏南非对称气流使台风     

沉积角对净砂宏微观力学特性影响的离散元分析

由颗粒定向排列导致的初始各向异性对净砂力学特性影响明显。为探究这一影响,首先采用自编的离散元软件生成4种不同沉积方向的椭圆颗粒净砂样,并分别对4种试样进行双轴压缩试验;其次,通过将离散元模拟结算与室内试验结果对比以验证该方法的可行性;最后,通过分析模拟结果研究沉积方向所产生的影响。结果表明：4种试样均出现应变软化及剪胀现象;随着沉积角? 的增加,试样具有由应变软化逐渐向应变硬化发展的趋势,试样的剪胀性逐渐减弱;在?=0°时试样取得最大峰值内摩擦角和最大残余内摩擦角,且随着? 的增大试样的峰值内摩擦角先降低然后基本不变,残余内摩擦角逐渐减小;颗粒排列初始优势方向基本与沉积方向平行,但随着轴向应变的增大,颗粒排列优势方向逐渐向平行于加载面方向旋转,接触点的优势方向由最初垂直于沉积方向逐渐向垂直于加载面方向旋转,且这两种旋转的改变幅度随着沉积角? 的增大而增大;而强接触力的优势方向始终垂直于试样的加载面。     

在线巡查技术在土地变更调查中的应用研究

在线巡查技术是指巡查人员通过移动终端连接服务器在线交互数据的一项技术,是近年来逐步发展应用于土地执法较为成熟的技术,对于需要外业调查以及室内审核的项目同样具有很好的应用效果。随着技术和装备的不断更新,全国土地变更调查工作也在提出新的要求,为适应新的形式,广东省首次利用已建成的省级在线巡查系统辅助开展县(市、区)土地变更调查,本文对省级在线巡查系统设计模式应用于土地变更调查工作进行了深入的分析和研究。     

Effects of starving and re-feeding strategies on the growth performance and physiological characteristics of the juvenile tongue sole (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cynoglossus semilaevis</Emphasis>)

Starving and re-feeding trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of starvation duration and recovery times on the growth performance and physiological characteristics of juvenile tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis, which included growth, body composition, intestinal morphology and digestive enzymes activities. The fish starved for one (D1), two (D2) and four (D4) days, respectively, were recovered for three (R3, R6, R12), seven (R7, R14, R28) and eleven (R11, R22, R44) folds of starvation days while the control fish were fed constantly. The experiment was conducted for 96 days. The fish individuals in D1R11, D2R14 and D2R22 caught up in weight with the control, indicating that complete compensatory growth existed in these fish individuals. The highest body weight gain and total specific growth rates were observed in D2R22. Food intake increased significantly in most treatments in comparison with that of the control except for D1R7 and D2R22 (P < 0.05). Food conversion efficiency and apparent digest coefficient in D2R22 were significantly promoted, being higher than that of the control (P < 0.05). The activities of trypsin and lipase were found to be closely related to the growth performance. The activities of liver and hindgut trypsin, also midgut and hindgut lipase in D2R22 were significantly higher than those of the control (P < 0.05). The fold height (HF) of foregut and midgut increased significantly in D2R22, and HF decreased significantly in D1R3, D2R6 and D4R12 (P < 0.05). On our findings, we may conclude that the optimum starving and re-feeding strategy is starving for 2 days and re-feeding for 22 days. And in this starving and re-feeding strategy, the compensatory growth could be mostly attributed to the promotion of food conversion efficiency and digestibility coefficiency.     

遥感地球化学研究

遥感地球化学是遥感技术与地球化学结合的产物。探讨了遥感地球化学产生的必然性、遥感地球化学的定义、基础理论、研究方法及应用。指出遥感地球化学的研究基础是地物波谱特征,并简要分析了矿物、岩石、水体、土壤、植被及广泛存在于星际间的一些挥发物质等的波谱特征及影响因素;归纳了遥感地球化学主要的研究方法。总结了遥感技术在矿产资源勘探、环境地球化学、生物地球化学、行星地球化学及全球变化等领域的应用,并展望了今后遥感地球化学的研究重点及发展方向。     

黄陵一号井快速堵水工程中的综合物探技术

使用地面高分辨电测深法与稳态瑞利波法为主,浅层地震和流量监测为辅的快速综合物探技术,对黄陵一号井小煤窑突水通道进行多方法、多参数、多方位聚焦快速综合探测,克服了单项物探多解性的缺点,大大提高了探测准确度。按照该物探结果进行地面注浆,堵水率达到95%以上,取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益。      

珠三角城市群生态游憩空间分异特征及关联性因素

生态游憩空间是居民放松身心、亲近自然的主要活动场所,是提升居民生活质量和幸福感的重要开放空间。随着城市群的一体化发展,以及城市群居民对居住环境和休闲品质要求的提高,生态空间游憩利用的区域组织成为了新的理论课题。本文在界定生态游憩空间并对其进行空间解译的基础上,运用GIS空间分析方法,对珠三角城市群生态游憩空间分布的集聚和分异特征进行了刻画,并分析了其与人文、自然生态要素的空间关系,揭示生态游憩空间分布存在的问题与成因。结果显示：① 各城市生态空间游憩利用率的空间分异明显,反映了生态空间游憩利用缺少有效的区域统筹。② 生态游憩空间数量、规模、等级以及生态空间游憩利用率分布具有空间集聚特征,但四者的集聚导向存在差异。③ 生态游憩空间分布与地形、交通具有空间依存关系,但与水系、旅游要素以及文化资源分布的关联性不明显。④ 生态游憩空间面积分布与人口密度分布相反,说明珠三角城市群生态空间游憩服务存在供需空间错位矛盾。     

Effect of methane emission increases in East Asia on atmospheric circulation and ozone

We used a fully coupled chemistry–climate model(version 3 of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model,WACCM3) to investigate the effect of methane(CH4) emission increases,especially in East Asia and North America,on atmospheric temperature,circulation and ozone(O3). We show that CH4 emission increases strengthen westerly winds in the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes,accelerate the Brewer–Dobson(BD) circulation,and cause an increase in the mass flux across the tropopause. However,the BD circulation in the tropics between 10?S and 10?N at 100 h Pa weakens as CH4 emissions increase in East Asia and strengthens when CH4 emissions increase in North America. When CH4 emissions are increased by 50% in East Asia and 15% globally,the stratospheric temperature cools by up to 0.15 K,and the stratospheric O3 increases by 45 ppbv and 60 ppbv,respectively. A 50% increase of CH4 emissions in North America(with an amplitude of stratospheric O3 increases by 60 ppbv) has a greater influence on the stratospheric O3 than the same CH4 emissions increase in East Asia. CH4 emission increases in East Asia and North America reduce the concentration of tropospheric hydroxyl radicals(4% and 2%,respectively) and increase the concentration of mid-tropospheric O3(5% and 4%,respectively) in the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes. When CH4 emissions increase in East Asia,the increase in the tropospheric O3 concentration is largest in August. When CH4 emissions increase in North America,the increase in the O3 concentration is largest in July in the mid-troposphere,and in April in the upper troposphere.