A comparison between the spectral parameters of both electron and proton dominated events

Investigation of the gamma-ray spectra observed by the GRS/SMM leads to the conclusion that there exist two extreme cases: electron-dominated spectra and proton-dominated spectra. The observation of different spectra is determined by both the spectral hardness of non-thermal electrons and the number ratio of protons to electrons. Any viable acceleration mechanism should be able to explain these differences in accelerating electrons versus protons. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

铜石杂岩体隐爆作用与金矿成矿的关系及其研究意义

山东省平邑县铜石地区是鲁西最重要的金矿产地,继归来庄大型金矿床发现之后,又相继发现了卓家庄特富金矿床及磨坊沟、梨方沟、贺山庄等具层控特征的金矿床,构成了铜石金矿田。这些金矿床的形成与铜石地区中生代多期次岩浆活动或隐爆作用密切相关,分布于岩体边部的隐爆-侵入角砾岩是金矿床的载体,成为寻找隐爆-侵入角砾岩型金矿的重要标志。     

Estimation of water-vapor and ozone transport in the upper troposphere-lower stratosphere and fluxes through the tropopause during the field campaign at the Sodankyla station (Finland)

Processes of mass exchange through the tropopause at extratropical latitudes are studied. For this purpose, balloon data on ozone and water vapor obtained during the LAUTLOS field campaign were analyzed and a trajectory model was used to analyze the origin of air masses and to calculate fluxes through the tropopause. The results of observations and trajectory modeling showed that tropospheric air masses penetrated into the stratosphere by no more than ～2.5 km above the tropopause level during the campaign. Both tropospheric and stratospheric particles are present in this mixing layer. Backward trajectories showed that, at the anticyclone boundary, tropospheric air penetrates into the stratosphere in the form of fine fibrous structures (filaments). The fluxes through the tropopause were also quantitatively estimated by the Wei method with the use of forward and backward trajectories. The spatial structure of the fluxes through the tropopause coincides with the regions of the tropopause inclination and its folds. The absolute values of the fluxes calculated with the use of the Wei method decrease, depending on the length of trajectories at the expense of the filtering-out of a shallow reversible exchange. It is shown that the exchange depth can be controlled by both vertical fluxes in the troposphere and changes in the level of the tropopause itself. The use of isentropic and three-dimensional trajectories made it possible to estimate the contribution of nonadiabatic processes to the stratosphere-troposphere exchange.     

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建立现代企业制度是测绘事业单位的必然选择

国有企业改革的目标是建立现代企业制度,而随着改革的逐步深化,事业单位改革已成为重要课题,也是测绘事业单位的必然选择。     

Objective analysis and classification of the ten-day mean sea surface temperature variation in the East China Sea using singular value decomposition technique

The seasonal changes of the ten-day mean sea surface temperature in the East China Sea for the years 1953–1972 were studied using the singular value decomposition technique. Main results obtained are as follows: In the singular vector analysis of the ten-day mean sea surface temperature in the East China Sea, the first three singular vectors (or seasonal march functions) account for 97.76% of the variance of the data. The geographical distribution in the weightings (or spatial pattern functions) on these vectors shows a remarkable regional organization. An objective classification of the surface water mass in the East China Sea was based on the mode of its seasonal temperature changes. Contribution No. 801 from the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica. An abstract of this paper was presented at an IAPSO Session of XVII IUGG held at Canberra, Australia, December 1979.     

大亚湾海域典型有机氯农药生物累积特征及变化因素研究

于2003年采集大亚湾海域28个鱼类等生物样品和14个表层沉积物样品,分析其中滴滴涕(DDTs)、六六六(HCHs)和氯丹(CHLs)各组分的含量以及脂含量和δ15N,δ13C同位素值,重点研究了大亚湾沉积物和生物体中有机氯农药(OCPs)的污染现状及其生物积累规律.大亚湾海域鱼类DDTs,HCHs和CHLs平均含量分别为57.1±52.9,0.30±0.18和0.87±0.35ng/g(湿重);与其他海区相比,该海域生物体中DDTs的含量相对较高,HCHs和CHLs较低;表层沉积物中高的p,p'-DDT含量及较低的(DDE+DDD)/DDT比值(平均为0.56,<1),均显示仍有新的DDTs源输入;OCPs在生物累积中表现出脂溶性的特征,生物体内脂含量越高,其OCPs含量也越高;δ15N,δ13C同位素的研究结果显示肉食性生物比植食性生物更易累积OCPs;大亚湾海域OCPs的生物-沉积物累积系数(BSAF)与有机物的亲脂性程度即辛醇-水比值(K_OW)存在显著的正相关.     

0814号强台风“黑格比”路径及降水分析

利用常规观测资料,从环流形势、物理量场、卫星云图等方面对0814号强台风"黑格比"移动路径及其造成的暴雨进行分析,结果发现:西太平洋副高强盛、稳定是台风路径趋势稳定少变的主要原因.低层台风中心附近正涡度长轴方向能较好的预示台风未来的移向.低层水汽辐合、高层辐散的强烈上升运动对台风暴雨的产生十分有利.高能舌和能量锋区与强降水区和降水时段有较好的对应关系.     

GDX—502树脂吸附分离富集—微分电位溶出测定水样中痕量酚

研究了酚（ｐｈｅｎ）－Ｃｕ－水杨酸（Ｈ２ｓａｌ）和四乙基碘化铵（Ｅｔ４ＮＩ）的四元体系中微分电位溶出分析法（ＤＰＳＡ）测定痕量酚。在ｐＨ为７．０的介质中,ｐｈｅｎ－Ｃｕ－Ｈ２ｓａｌ的配合物抑制了Ｃｕ在玻炭电极上的还原富集,降低Ｃｕ的微分电位溶出峰（Δｄｔ／ｄＥ）,且０．４～２００μｇ／Ｌ的酚与Δｄｔ／ｄＥ呈线性关系。加入Ｅｔ４ＮＩ使检测灵敏度提高２．７５倍。天然水样经ＧＤＸ－５０２树脂吸附分离富集后,除去了吡啶、苯胺等物质的干扰。ＮａＯＨ洗脱,预电解富集３ｍｉｎ,酚的检出限为０．２μｇ／Ｌ;实验测定２０μｇ／Ｌ的酚,相对标准偏差为２．７％（ｎ＝１１）;标准加入回收率为８８．１０％～１１３．２０％。方法用于天然水中痕量酚的测定,结果与４－氨基安替比林分光光度法结果符合。     

华南火成岩中捕获锆石的早元古代－太古宙U－Pb年龄信息

本文以火成岩中捕获锆石为测年对象，用单颗粒锆石Ｕ－Ｐｂ稀释法，对华南地区扬子地块南部和华夏地块进行了比较广泛系统的取样和测年工作。测年结果表明，华南地区火成岩中普遍存在早元古代－太古宙的捕获锆石，最大年龄达３．１Ｇａ，表明华南地壳深部在较大范围内存在早元古代－太古宙的地壳再循环物质，华南大陆地壳可能最初形成于３．１Ｇａ之前。根据捕获锆石年龄信息，华南早元古代之前大陆地壳生长集中于～３．１Ｇａ，～２．７Ｇａ，～２．５Ｇａ，～２．２Ｇａ和１．８－２．１Ｇａ几个时期。