Characteristics of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Tectonic Stress Fields of the Urumqi-Usu Region, Xinjiang

Based on the study of folds and related conjugate shear joints, the tectonic stress fields of the Urumqi-Usu region to the north of the North Tianshan Mountains have been reconstructed. Furthermore the author discussed the tectonic movements and their dynamic features. The early tectonic movement in the investigated region occurred from the end of the Late Jurassic to the initial stage of the Early Cretaceous, with the maximum (tensile) and minimum (compressional) principal stress trajectories in the tectonic stress field being in E-W and S-N directions respectively; the late tectogenesis took place from the end of the Early Pleistocene to the initial Middle Pleistocene, with the maximum and minimum principal stress trajectories in the late stress field striking in WNW and NE-NNE directions respectively. Through computer-aided simulated calculation by the finite element method and analysis of geological structure, it has been ascertained that the early tectogenesis is a nearly N-S compressive movement and the late one a NE to nearly N-S compressive movement with reverse shear. The dynamic force which caused the tectogeneses came from the movement of the southern major fault, i.e. the North Tianshan Mountains.     

贵州省乡村贫困空间格局与形成机制分析

以贫困态势严峻、区域内部贫困差异大的贵州省为研究区,分析了贵州省区县层面乡村贫困的空间异质性和空间依赖性格局,定量测度了乡村贫困空间差异的影响因素和因素效应的空间差异性,进而归纳了贵州省乡村贫困的形成机制。结果发现,贵州省区县乡村贫困具有时空稳定性,呈现出东、南、西部高而中、北部低的“马蹄”形空间异质性格局。区县贫困存在较强的空间依赖性,“高-高”型贫困地域即空间贫困陷阱区域,集聚分布在贵州省的东南部、南部。定量模型发现,坡度、到所在市中心的距离、青少年人口占比、少数民族人口占比是导致贵州区县层面乡村贫困空间差异的显著因素,且这些因素的效应水平呈现出不同的空间模式。产业发展受限、劳动力流动性差、金融和人力资本积累不足是贵州贫困空间形成的主导机制。最后建议扶贫政策层面应将基于地方和基于人的政策相结合。     

计算机机房雷电感应防护工程方案

阐述了计算机机房综合防雷工程设计与实施的防护措施,为一般企业的计算机机房提供了雷电防护解决方案。     

冷暖事件对大气能量循环和纬向平均环流影响的模拟研究

利用中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学与地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室新发展的GOALS 5全球海 陆 气耦合模式研究了暖事件 (ElNi no)和冷事件 (LaNina)对大气能量循环和纬向平均环流的影响 ,并用观测资料进行了对比分析。结果表明 :对于纬向平均资料来说 ,冷、暖事件在热带和副热带地区的大气环流相关量的反相变化特征非常清晰 ,中高纬度地区并不明显。此外 ,还发现 ,暖事件时定常涡动的经向热通量的变化是北半球对流层热带外地区温度异常的主要原因 ,而瞬变波的影响则起抵消作用。冷事件时定常波和瞬变波相互抵消的局地特征也依然存在 ,但瞬变波的影响有所增强。     

Structural controls on the formation of BSR over a diapiric anticline from a dense MCS survey offshore southwestern Taiwan

A dense seismic reflection survey with up to 250-m line-spacing has been conducted in a 15 × 15 km wide area offshore southwestern Taiwan where Bottom Simulating Reflector is highly concentrated and geochemical signals for the presence of gas hydrate are strong. A complex interplay between north–south trending thrust faults and northwest–southeast oblique ramps exists in this region, leading to the formation of 3 plunging anticlines arranged in a relay pattern. Landward in the slope basin, a north–south trending diapiric fold, accompanied by bright reflections and numerous diffractions on the seismic profiles, extends across the entire survey area. This fold is bounded to the west by a minor east-verging back-thrust and assumes a symmetric shape, except at the northern and southern edges of this area, where it actively overrides the anticlines along a west-verging thrust, forming a duplex structure. A clear BSR is observed along 67% of the acquired profiles. The BSR is almost continuous in the slope basin but poorly imaged near the crest of the anticlines. Local geothermal gradient values estimated from BSR sub-bottom depths are low along the western limb and crest of the anticlines ranging from 40 to 50 °C/km, increase toward 50–60 °C/km in the slope basin and 55–65 °C/km along the diapiric fold, and reach maximum values of 70 °C/km at the southern tip of the Good Weather Ridge. Furthermore, the local dips of BSR and sedimentary strata that crosscut the BSR at intersections of any 2 seismic profiles have been computed. The stratigraphic dips indicated a dominant east–west shortening in the study area, but strata near the crest of the plunging anticlines generally strike to southwest almost perpendicular to the direction of plate convergence. The intensity of the estimated bedding-guided fluid and gas flux into the hydrate stability zone is weaker than 2 in the slope basin and the south-central half of the diapiric fold, increases to 7 in the northern half of the diapiric fold and plunging anticlines, and reaches a maximum of 16 at the western frontal thrust system. Rapid sedimentation, active tectonics and fluid migration paths with significant dissolved gas content impact on the mechanism for BSR formation and gas hydrate accumulation. As we begin to integrate the results from these studies, we are able to outline the regional variations, and discuss the importance of structural controls in the mechanisms leading to the gas hydrate emplacements.     

A Quantitative Evaluation of Shale Gas Content in Different Occurrence States of the Longmaxi Formation: A New Insight from Well JY-A in the Fuling Shale Gas Field,Sichuan Basin

Comprehensive quantitative evaluation of shale gas content and the controlling factors in different occurrence states is of great significance for accurately assessing gas-bearing capacity and providing effective well-production strategies. A total of 122 core samples from well JY-A in the Fuling shale gas field were studied to reveal the characteristics of S_1 l shale,15 of which were selected to further predict the shale gas content in different occurrence states, which are dependent on geological factors in the thermal evolution process. Geological parameters were researched by a number of laboratory programs, and the factors influential in controlling shale gas content were extracted by both PCA and GRA methods and prediction models were confirmed by the BE method using SPSS software. Results reveal that the adsorbed gas content is mainly controlled by TOC, Ro, SSA, PD and pyrite content, and the free gas content is mainly controlled by S_2, quartz content, gas saturation and formation pressure for S_1 l in well JY-A. Three methods, including the on-site gas desorption method, the empirical formula method, and the multiple regression analysis method were used in combination to evaluate the shale gas capacity of well JY-A, all of which show that the overall shale gas content of well JY-A is in the range of 2.0–5.0 m~3/t and that the free gas ratio is about 50%, lower than that of well JY-1. Cause analysis further confirms the tectonics and preservation conditions of S_1 l in the geological processes, especially the influence of eastern boundary faults on well JY-A, as the fundamental reasons for the differences in shale gas enrichment in the Jiaoshiba area.     

新疆阿合奇地区哈拉奇组、康克林组碳酸盐岩微相特征和沉积环境

采用微相分析的方法,对新疆阿合奇地区晚石炭世一早二叠世哈拉奇组和康克林组碳酸盐岩的微相类型和沉积环境进行了研究,发现两地层单元具有不同的岩石结构、颗粒组分及生物化石组合微相特征。哈拉奇组沉积粒度相对较细,泥质含量较高,生物碎屑相对较少,可划分出5种微相类型和5种次一级微相类型;康克林组生物种类丰富,个体保存较完整,颗粒组分出现了较多鲕粒、核形石等,亮晶胶结普遍,泥级组分相对较少,可划分出6种微相类型和8种次一级微相类型。根据微相类型组合特征和野外沉积构造,认为哈拉奇组碳酸盐岩主要形成于深水陆棚和台地斜坡2种沉积环境,其次为台地边缘浅滩和开阔台地沉积,总体反映较深水沉积环境;康克林组碳酸盐岩主要形成于台地边缘浅滩、开阔台地和局限台地3种沉积环境,反映沉积环境水体相对较浅。     

页岩储层物性参数对CO2不同封存机制及封存量的影响

CO₂增强页岩气开采技术(CO₂-ESGR)一方面可提高CH4产量,另一方面又可实现CO₂地质封存。为了分析页岩储层物性参数对CO₂封存机制的影响,文章以鄂尔多斯盆地延长组页岩为研究对象,采用CMG-GEM软件建立双孔双渗均质模型,分析了CO₂-ESGR中页岩储层垂直渗透率与水平渗透率之比(Kv/Kh)、含水饱和度和孔隙度对不同CO₂封存机制封存量的影响;并设计了27组正交试验采用极差分析法比较了三种因素的影响程度。研究表明,Kv/Kh在0.1～1范围增大会增加不同CO₂封存机制的封存量,封存总量最大可增加69.96%,其中吸附封存量最大可增加97.96%,受到影响最大;含水饱和度在0～0.9范围增大引起CO₂封存总量先增加后减小,封存总量最大可减少67.12%,其中溶解封存量最大可减少83.35%,范围波动最大;页岩储层孔隙度在0.1～0.99范围增大会导致CO₂封存总量减少,封存总量最大...     

短期风化对混合溢油组成的影响

对两种原油进行混合配比实验,将混合后油样置于人工气候箱进行风化模拟实验,采用气相色谱质谱联用仪(GC-MS)检测风化样品中的生物标志化合物,短期风化作用对混合溢油的油指纹、生物标志化合物诊断指标等的影响。结果表明,混合溢油的正构烷烃总质量变化与单一原油油品的变化规律相近,即前期风化较快,质量减损较多,而后期风化趋缓,不同混合比例的溢油表现差异不明显。常用于短期风化的诊断比值对各混合油样的风化具有指示意义,但难以定性鉴别油品是否发生混合。重复性限法检验只能判定短期风化过程前后的油样为同一油源,而难以反映油样是否为混合油源的特征,各诊断比值的RSD%值较大可能是混合溢油的一个表现。     

伊通盆地鹿乡断陷双阳组储层孔隙结构特征及其控制因素

通过对钻井岩芯及铸体薄片、扫描电镜观察,结合压汞分析测试,研究了伊通盆地鹿乡断陷双阳组储层的孔隙结构特征。结果表明:储层成因类型主要为扇三角洲砂体,部分为水下扇砂体;储层砂体孔隙类型以次生溶蚀孔隙为主,部分为原生粒间孔隙,具体可见粒内溶孔、原生粒间孔和粒间溶蚀扩大孔等;孔隙喉道较小,分选不好,连通性差,总体为低孔低渗型储层,其中,双阳组二段储层略好于双三段,双一段最差。双阳组储层孔隙结构特征主要受砂体成因类型和成岩作用的控制,此外,岩石粒度和构造作用也对孔隙结构有一定的控制作用。