Generating urban road intersection models from low-frequency GPS trajectory data

Detailed real-time road data are an important prerequisite for navigation and intelligent transportation systems. As accident-prone areas, road intersections play a critical role in route guidance and traffic management. Ubiquitous trajectory data have led to a recent surge in road map reconstruction. However, it is still challenging to automatically generate detailed structural models for road intersections, especially from low-frequency trajectory data. We propose a novel three-step approach to extract the structural and semantic information of road intersections from low-frequency trajectories. The spatial coverage of road intersections is first detected based on hotspot analysis and triangulation-based point clustering. Next, an improved hierarchical trajectory clustering algorithm is designed to adaptively extract the turning modes and traffic rules of road intersections. Finally, structural models are generated via K-segment fitting and common subsequence merging. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can efficiently handle low-frequency, unstable trajectory data and accurately extract the structural and semantic features of road intersections. Therefore, the proposed method provides a promising solution for enriching and updating routable road data.     

一次华南超级单体风暴的S波段偏振雷达观测分析

利用珠海与澳门共建的中国首部S波段业务双偏振雷达探测资料、风廓线资料和地面加密观测资料,对2015年4月20日发生在珠海附近的一次典型华南春季冷锋触发的超级单体风暴的偏振观测特征进行了分析。天气分析表明,风暴发生于地面冷锋和低空切变线附近,中等对流不稳定（对流有效位能为1300 J/kg）和较强风垂直切变（0-6 km风矢量差为20 m/s）环境中。环境总理查逊数为18,与中纬度典型超级单体的生成环境接近,风暴相对螺旋度为2.9 s-1。偏振观测分析表明,大雹粒子的翻滚使冰雹区具有水平反射率因子高（>50 dBz）、差分反射率低（-1-0.5 dB）的特点;雨和冰相粒子的混合导致了相关系数的下降（小于0.9）;比差分相位观测对冰雹并不敏感（比差分相位与水平反射率因子的线性拟合率仅为0.05）。在混合相粒子和液相粒子的共同作用下,融化层附近存在差分反射率增大、相关系数减小的现象。风暴侧前方下沉气流偏东侧边界（水平反射率因子梯度高值区）存在一条“差分反射率弧”（差分反射率高值区）,主要由大雨滴构成,粒子分选机制合理解释了其形成原因。同时,相对较大的环境风使差分反射率弧更加远离（相对北美观测事实）风暴主体。风暴水平反射率因子中心附近存在“差分反射率柱”,与大雨滴被上升气流（连续分布的正径向风）带入高层冻结且失去取向稳定而导致差分反射率值迅速减小有关。      

Joint Impacts of SSTA in Tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans on Variations of the WPSH

Using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and HadISST sea surface temperature (SST) data, the joint effects of the tropical Indian Ocean and Pacific on variations of area of the summertime western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) for period 1980–2016 are investigated. It is demonstrated that the central tropical Indian Ocean (CTI) and central equatorial Pacific (CEP) are two key oceanic regions that affect the summertime WPSH. During autumn and winter, warm SST anomalies (SSTAs) in CEP force the Walker circulation to change anomalously, resulting in divergence anomalies over the western Pacific and Maritime Continent (MC). Due to the Gill-type response, the abnormal anticyclonic circulation is generated over the western Pacific and South China Sea (SCS). In the subsequent spring, the warm SSTAs in CEP weaken, while the SST over CTI demonstrates a lagged response to Pacific SSTA. The warm CTISSTA and CEP-SSTA cooperate with the eastward propagation of cold Kelvin waves in the western Pacific, leading to the eastward shift of the abnormal divergence center that originally locates at the western Pacific and MC. The anticyclone forced by this divergence subsequently moves eastward, leading to the intensification of the negative vorticity there. Meanwhile, warm SSTA in CTI triggers eastward propagating Kelvin waves, which lead to easterly anomalies over the equatorial Indian Ocean and Indonesia, being favorable for maintenance and intensification of the anticyclone over the SCS and western Pacific. The monsoonal meridional–vertical circulation strengthens, which is favorable for the intensification of the WPSH. Using SSTA over the two key oceanic regions as predictors, a multiple regression model is successfully constructed for prediction of WPSH area. These results are useful for our better understanding the variation mechanisms of WPSH and better predicting summer climate in East Asia.     

Experimental investigation on static and dynamic resilient moduli of compacted fine soil

To investigate the static and dynamic resilient modulus of fine soil, and adapting to the new design code and maintenance system of highway subgrade in China, a series of static and dynamic tests were carried out according to the standard laboratory test methods (JTG E40-2007 and JTG D30-2015, respectively). The effects of initial water content, compactness and freeze-thaw cycles on the static and dynamic resilient moduli of fine soil were investigated and analyzed. Experimental test results show that with increasing water content, dry density and freeze-thaw cycles, the static moduli reduces about 10.2%~40.0%, 14.4%~45.5%, and 24.0%~50.3%, and dynamic moduli reduces about 10.9%~90.8%, 2.5%~38.4%, and 0.0%~46.0%, respectively. Then, the empirical mathematical relationship between static and dynamic resilient moduli was established under different water content, dry density and freeze-thaw cycles. The investigation results can be used to determine the dynamic modulus of fine soil by widely used static modulus, which could meet the requirement of adopting dynamic modulus index in new specification.     

省级气象云资源管理平台设计与应用

基于OpenStack架构建立省级云资源管理平台,通过整合省级各类硬件资源,将计算、存储、网络等硬件资源纳入统一资源池管理,在此基础上将省级原有的多套虚拟化系统软硬件资源纳入平台统一管理。平台投入使用后资源有效利用率大幅提升,实现硬件资源动态、弹性、可回收利用,能够更好地为各业务部门提供硬件资源服务。通过接管省级VMware、OS等虚拟化系统,平台可以根据业务需求快速部署交付业务系统,大幅提高对气象业务的服务和支撑能力,提高了系统运维的水平和效率。该平台的建成和应用对省级云计算发展和应用具有示范、服务、探索等多重作用,特别是对带动省级信息化建设进入新阶段,探寻省级新的信息化建设模式具有现实意义。     

中国“出口世界工厂”的效率格局演变

中国制造业已形成了工业制成品和加工贸易出口为主的“世界工厂”模式,该种模式的特征为依托低廉劳动力、附加值低的粗放型增长。选取2000~2013年中国出口世界工厂模式的资源、人力、资本投入及出口、经济和环境产出指标,对全国及分省的出口世界工厂模式效率进行了数据包络分析（DEA）测度。结果发现,2000~2013年,全国及分省的出口世界工厂模式效率整体有所提高,但受金融危机影响,2008年以后效率出现了波动。非DEA有效的年份及区域,其成因主要包括资源环境、人力资本的投入冗余;加工出口、环境产出冗余。未来随着世界市场低迷、部分产业产能过剩、人口红利的逐渐消失、资源环境的压力增大,加工产品出口的世界工厂模式亟需转型。转型发展的关键举措包括增强自主创新能力,加快产业结构调整等。     

Longitudinal genetic analysis of growth-related traits in red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Girard)

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - The red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, is an economically important species especially in China. Their exoskeleton places serious constraints on growth...     

未来10年天体测量的发展

首先回顾了依巴谷卫星的观测结果在天文学上的意义,同时指出其不足之处,极限星等仅为 １２ｍａｇ,自行精度不够高等,介绍了正在进行的各种地面上的暗星扩充计划,如ＴＡＣ、ＳＤＳＳ、ＵＣＡＣ－Ｓ,ＰＯＳＳ等,并对它们的预期计划和目前进展情况作了详细描述。叙述了未来１０年可能实施的几个空间天体测量计划,如欧洲空间的ＧＡＩＡ,美国喷气推进实室的ＳＩＭ,德国的ＤＩＶＡ,美国海军天文台的ＦＡＭＥ和俄罗普尔科沃天文     

湖南工业落后的原因与发展对策研究

湖南是一个人均工业产值明显低于全国平均水平的工业落后省,而且其工业化水平与全国平均水平的差距仍在进一步扩大。文中采用区位商分析和“偏离—份额”分析法揭示了湖南工业落后的内在原因,并在主导行业选择、工业中心建设、规模结构和所有制结构优化、人才建设与科技开发等方面提出了加速湖南工业发展的对策。     

台湾地区国家公园建设与发展

自从 １９７２ 年台湾地区实施 “国家公园法”以来, 目前已建立了六大国家公园, 对保护台湾岛的特有自然风景、野生动物和历史文化发挥了重要作用。此外, 台湾地区国家公园还为发展旅游和研究生态学、地学提供了理想的场所。台湾有丰富的资源建立国家公园, 其规划除遵循国家公园的国际标准, 还针对台湾地区地景、生物多样性的特点进行国家公园的规划与建设。台湾地区国家公园规划的主要内容包括： （１） 资源调查与分析; （２） 自然保护与发展政策制订;（３） 国家公园系统规划; （４） 国家公园经营管理规划; （５） 旅游区规划与设施建设; （６） 国家公园生态保护、解说系统。