Numerical study of dewatering in a large deep foundation pit

During foundation pit excavation, groundwater is often the most important factor that affects pit stability. Dewatering is widely used in pit excavation to avoid uplift of excavation floors due to high water pressure. The characteristics of seepage in small-scale deep foundation pits of high-rise buildings or in the long narrow foundation pits of subway stations have been extensively investigated. However, the characteristics of seepage in large-scale deep excavations have not been studied. This paper investigates the large deep excavation of the buildings in Oriental Fisherman’s Wharf. The total area of the construction site is 33,917 m². Single-well and group-well field pumping tests were performed and a numerical simulation by 3D finite difference method (FDM) was carried out. The simulation used results from the field pumping tests. The permeability parameters of the confined aquifer were then revised, based upon comparisons of simulation and observation results. Subsequently, dewatering schemes were simulated by FDM forward analysis. The simulation results show that dewatering schemes can minimize seepage and uplift in large excavation pits, though settlement outside the pit may need treatment measures.     

The Diversity and Phylogeny of Mesozoic Symphyta (Hymenoptera) from Northeastern China

正Objective Symphyta,as an ancestral and paraphyletic group,are mainly phytophagous lineages.In order to truly elucidate their natural history and the development trends,we need to cover more species,including the extinct and extant species.In general,fossils sometimes appear to be necessary since extinct species usually have the so-called transitional states,which play important roles in their early evolution.It is well known that the Early Cretaceous     

斜长岩体中Fe-Ti-P矿床的特征与成因

岩体型斜长岩为由90%以上斜长石组成的岩浆岩,具变压结晶的特点,仅形成于元古宙(2.1～0.9Ga),常赋存有Fe-Ti-P矿床。Fe-Ti-P矿体既呈整合层状也呈透镜状和席状等不规则形式产出;矿石类型有块状和侵染状,前者矿石矿物含量>70%,后者矿石矿物含量为20%～70%;矿物组成上,不同矿床稍有差别:部分矿床的Fe-Ti氧化物以钛磁铁矿为主、钛铁矿次之,而其他矿床则以赤钛铁矿为主、磁铁矿次之。一些矿床磷灰石含量较高,出现仅由Fe-Ti氧化物和磷灰石组成的铁钛磷灰岩。研究表明,Fe-Ti-P矿床由富Fe、Ti的岩浆演化形成,其母岩浆是在深部岩浆房中大量结晶斜长石后的残余岩浆。部分学者认为不同矿石经正常的结晶分异作用并堆晶形成,但该机制很难解释呈不规则状产出的矿石;其他学者则认为不混熔作用对矿石的富集(尤其是脉状、席状的铁钛磷灰岩)有重要作用,但该机制缺乏岩相学和地球化学方面的证据。河北大庙Fe-Ti-P矿体呈透镜状、席状等不连续地分布于斜长岩中,矿体不发育明显岩浆分层,但仍出现不同矿石的相带。依据详细的岩相学、矿体中矿物含量和成分的变化规律以及全岩地球化学特征,我们判断大庙矿床中不同矿石为堆晶矿物和晶隙流体的混合产物,它们由铁闪长质岩浆经结晶分异和堆晶作用形成,与不混熔作用关系不大。矿体不规则状产出的特点可能与岩浆动力分异作用有关,并伴随有小范围的亚固相迁移。     

熊耳群火山岩与细碧角斑岩系

本文介绍了细碧岩的一般特征，分析、评述了细碧质岩石的主要成因观点。作者依据熊耳群的基本特征，对“熊耳群火山岩是否属细碧角斑岩系”这一有争议的问题，进行了较为广泛的讨论，并从中得出“熊耳群火山岩不是细碧角斑岩系”的结论。作者认为，熊耳群钠长石化火山岩是低级埋藏变质条件下的热液蚀变作用所形成。     

集中荷载作用下装配式迭合面板研究

本文通过集中荷载作用下钢筋砼装配式迭合面板的试验，研究了单向板抗弯计算荷载有效分布宽度和弯矩分配系数的主要影响因素。根据试验结果建立了单向板抗弯荷载有效分布宽度计算公式。计算结果和试验结果符合性较好，并提出了连续板弯矩分配系数。     

豫晋陕熊耳群沉积岩夹层特征与沉积环境

中元古界熊耳群火山岩广泛分布于豫晋陕交界地带的华北板块南缘,时限为１８５０～１６５０Ｍａ。通过火山熔岩中沉积岩夹层（砂岩、泥岩、硅质岩和碳酸盐岩等）的岩石学和地球化学研究,表明熊耳群形成于被动大陆边缘的构造环境,生成的古地理环境是以陆相为主,晚期才有海水入侵,沉积了一些海相沉积物。     

青海东部过马营-同仁花岗岩带地质地球化学特征

通过对过马营-同仁一带侵位于晚三叠世陆相火山岩中的印支期花岗岩类杂岩体的岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学、稀土元素定量模拟、Sr 同位素资料的初步研究,结合大地构造背景分析认为该杂岩体属壳型或S 型花岗岩类,由于岩浆成分受陆壳源岩成分的控制,又具有过渡型或同熔型花岗岩的某些特点。     

熊耳群火山熔岩的岩相学特征

熊耳群火山熔岩的岩相学特征是熊耳群研究的薄弱环节。基于大量的薄片观察．作者总结了熊耳群两大类熔岩（安山岩与英安－流纹岩）的岩相学特征。并就两大类岩石的表现形式、内部变化规律及特征性的结构作了较为详细的阐述。     

A modeling study of coastal inundation induced by storm surge,sea-level rise,and subsidence in the Gulf of Mexico

The northern coasts of the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) are highly vulnerable to the direct threats of climate change, such as hurricane-induced storm surge, and such risks are exacerbated by land subsidence and global sea-level rise. This paper presents an application of a coastal storm surge model to study the coastal inundation process induced by tide and storm surge, and its response to the effects of land subsidence and sea-level rise in the northern Gulf coast. The unstructured-grid finite-volume coastal ocean model was used to simulate tides and hurricane-induced storm surges in the GoM. Simulated distributions of co-amplitude and co-phase lines for semi-diurnal and diurnal tides are in good agreement with previous modeling studies. The storm surges induced by four historical hurricanes (Rita, Katrina, Ivan, and Dolly) were simulated and compared to observed water levels at National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration tide stations. Effects of coastal subsidence and future global sea-level rise on coastal inundation in the Louisiana coast were evaluated using a “change of inundation depth” parameter through sensitivity simulations that were based on a projected future subsidence scenario and 1-m global sea-level rise by the end of the century. Model results suggested that hurricane-induced storm surge height and coastal inundation could be exacerbated by future global sea-level rise and subsidence, and that responses of storm surge and coastal inundation to the effects of sea-level rise and subsidence are highly nonlinear and vary on temporal and spatial scales.     

基于语义的气象信息检索系统的构建

针对当前信息资源分散、气象知识专业性强、网络信息获取准确性和可靠性不能保证等问题,设计了一个基于语义的气象信息检索系统,为用户提供了一个人机交互平台。系统主要运用基于本体的语义检索和语义扩展能力,通过构建气象知识本体,建立气象信息本体库,利用推理规则,查询检索词条对应的描述、关键字等解释属性以及扩展查询其兄弟类、父类、子类词条,在交互过程中不断调整检索词条,实现气象知识的准确获取。实验结果表明该系统能有效提高气象信息的利用率,提高用户信息获取的准确性。