中国-中亚-西亚经济走廊贸易投资便利化水平研究

立足“一带一路”倡议总体规划和最终目标,运用主成分分析法,对中国-中亚-西亚经济走廊国家的贸易投资便利化水平进行测度,并依据其贸易投资便利化得分,将沿廊17国划分为风险区、谨慎区、便利区、畅通区四个等级。在此基础上,将中国-中亚-西亚经济走廊划分为三大廊段,并对其贸易投资相关的条件进行详细分析,为出境企业和机构更好地了解沿廊国家贸易投资便利化、参与沿廊经济建设、防范经贸合作风险,推进“一带一路”建设提供参考依据。     

Co-seismic Coulomb stress changes on the northern Tanlu fault zone caused by the Tohoku-Oki MW9.0 earthquake*

Based on the spherical earth dislocation theory and a fault slip model of the Tohoku-Oki M_W9.0 earthquake, the co-seismic Coulomb failure stress changes (ΔCFS) on the northern Tanlu fault zone at depths of 0–40 km are calculated. By comparing two sets of results from the spherical earth dislocation theory and the semi-infinite space one, the effect of earth curvature on the calculation results is analyzed quantitatively. First, we systematically summarize previous researches related to the northern Tanlu fault zone, divide the fault zone as detailed as possible, give the geometric parameters of each segment, and establish a segmented structural model of the northern Tanlu fault zone. Second, we calculate the Coulomb stress changes on the northern Tanlu fault zone by using the spherical earth dislocation theory. The result shows the Coulomb stress changes are no more than 0.003 MPa, which proves the great earthquake did not significantly change the stress state of the fault zone. Finally, we quantitatively analyze the disparities between the results of semi-infinite space dislocation theory and the spherical earth one. The average disparity between them is about 7.7% on the northern Tanlu fault zone and is 16.8% on the Fangzheng graben, the maximum disparity on this graben reaches up to 25.5%. It indicates that the effect of earth curvature can not be ignored. So it’s necessary to use the spherical earth dislocation theory instead of the semi-infinite space one to study the Coulomb stress change in the far field.     

2015年新疆皮山MW6.4地震发震断层和滑动分布反演

本文基于Sentinel-1A卫星影像数据提取了2015年皮山M_W6.4地震的同震形变场, 震中北部以隆升为主, 最大抬升量为12.9 cm; 南部以沉降为主, 最大沉降量为5.5 cm。 采用基于单一断层滑动模型的多峰粒子群优化和蒙特卡罗算法, 以LOS向InSAR形变场为约束, 对发震断层的几何模型进行非线性反演。 在此基础上, 联合InSAR和GPS数据, 利用最速下降法反演断层滑动分布。 综合结果表明: 发震断层是顶部埋深约7.4 km的隐伏断裂, 断层面大小为48 km×35 km, 断层走向、 倾角、 断层滑动角分别为111°、 19°、 91°; 断层最大滑动量0.47 m, 位于深度为10.6 km的区域; 累计地震矩3.89×10¹⁸ N·m, 约合矩震级M_W6.33。 最后, 依据主震断层滑移量计算了主震对周围中小断裂的库仑应力扰动变化, 结果显示距离震中最近的泽普断裂受主震影响的库仑应力明显增加; 震后3年内余震集中分布在泽普断裂库仑应力增加区域, 表明皮山地震主震对余震的发生可能具有一定的应力触发作用。     

液动冲击回转钻井机械钻速的仿真

结合三牙轮钻头有关的理论 ,建立了液动冲击回转钻井钎头的真实的数学模型、井底模型和钎头牙齿与井底岩石的互作用模型 ,用计算机仿真方法预测出了液动冲击回转钻井的机械钻速。使用表明 ,该模型可靠 ,计算结果与实际机械钻速基本一致。     

A case study of near-inertial oscillation in the South China Sea using mooring observations and satellite altimeter data

A near-inertial oscillation (NIO) burst event in the west South China Sea (SCS) was observed by an upward-looking mooring Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) in summer 2004. The mooring station was located at 13.99°N, 110.52°E. The spectral analysis reveals that typhoon Chanchu is a major mechanism in triggering the NIO burst event. Before typhoon Chanchu passed over, the NIO signals were quite weak. The NIO band becomes the most energetic constituent of the circulation during the typhoon-wake period. The average peak power density (PD) reaches (5.3 ± 2.6) × 10² cm² s⁻² (cycles per hour, cph)⁻¹ with a maximum value of 9.0 × 10² cm² s⁻² cph⁻¹, i.e., 3.1 times higher than that of diurnal tide (DT), (1.7 ± 0.5) × 10² cm² s⁻² cph⁻¹. At the upper (80 m) and sub-upper (208 m) layers, the central frequency of the NIO band is 0.022 cph with a blueshift of about 9% above the inertial frequency f (0.02015 cph). At the lower layer (400 m), the central frequency of the NIO band is 0.021 cph with a blueshift of about 4% above the inertial frequency. The blueshifts are explained partially by the Doppler shift induced by the vorticity of mesoscale eddies. During the after-typhoon period, a resonance-like process between NIO and DT is observed in the upper layer. As the NIO frequency approaches the DT subharmonic frequency (0.5K₁), the PD of the NIO band rises sharply accompanied by a sharp drop of the PD of the DT band. The PD ratio of the two bands increases from 4.5 during the typhoon-wake period to 8 during the after-typhoon period, indicating the effect of the parametric subharmonic instability (PSI) mechanism.     

Prediction of shock response for a quadrupod-mast using response spectrum analysis method

Mast is defined as Grade A equipment which is essential for the safety and continued combat capability of the ship. Therefore, in order to evaluate shock resistance under shock environments, this research adopts response spectrum analysis method in conjunction with a shock design spectrum inducted by US Navy after performing full-scale trials in establishing a shock response spectrum analysis, to be coordinated by using finite element’s discrete and calculating procedure. The cantilever beam was used to take the explosion shock as an example to verify the effectiveness of the proposed numerical procedure. Analysis results demonstrate a sufficient correlation. Also described herein in detail is the shock response of a quadrupod-mast. Analysis results provide a valuable reference for mast design.     

Shock responses of a surface ship subjected to noncontact underwater explosions

In combat operations, a warship can be subjected to air blast and underwater shock loading, which if detonated close to the ship can damage the vessel form a dished for hull plating or more serious holing of the hull. This investigation develops a procedure which couples the nonlinear finite element method with doubly asymptotic approximation method, and which considers the effects of transient dynamic, geometrical nonlinear, elastoplastic material behavior and fluid–structure interaction. This work addresses the problem of transient responses of a 2000-ton patrol-boat subjected to an underwater explosion. The KSF=0.8 is adopted to describe the shock severity. Additionally, the shock loading history along keel, the acceleration, velocity and displacement time histories are presented. Furthermore, the study elucidates the plastic zone spread phenomena and deformed diagram of the ship. Information on transient responses of the ship to underwater shock is useful in designing ship hulls so as to enhance their resistance to underwater shock damage.     

Distribution of convection associated with tropical cyclones making landfall along the South China coast

Summary This study examines the convection distribution associated with 18 TCs that made landfall along the South China coast during 1995 and 2005. Cloud-top temperatures from high-resolution satellite imageries of the Geosynchronous Meteorological Satellite 5 are used as proxy of strong convection. It is found that convection tends to be enhanced on the western side of the TC as it makes landfall in 10 of the cases, in agreement with the conclusion of some previous studies. Four cases have stronger convection on the eastern side. This “deviation” from the general rule appears to be related to the TCs being more slow-moving or their interaction of the TC with another land surface prior to its making landfall along the South China coast. For the remaining cases in which no significant asymmetries in convection can be identified, the vertical wind shear appears to enhance convection on the east side.     

临沂市紫外线辐射变化特征分析

利用临沂市2004年7月至2005年6月逐日紫外线观测资料,分析太阳紫外线辐射强度指数和等级的年、季、月和日变化特征。指出临沂市日紫外线最大辐射强度为4级的日数为多数,即紫外线辐射指数为7~9的日数占52%,4级以上紫外线辐射主要出现在春夏季节,冬季紫外线辐射较弱,出现4级辐射日数很少且无5级辐射。晴空条件下,冬季太阳紫外线辐射强度日变幅明显小于其他季节,夏季日最大辐射强度出现在12-14时,较其他季节的日最大辐射强度出现时段滞后1小时。     

赣东北地区早白垩世火山岩的Nd,Sr同位素地球化学特征

赣东北早白垩世处于陆内造山环境向陆内拉张环境过渡的过渡性构造环境，形成了一套富碱的火山岩组合。Nd,Sr同位素特征显示，酸性岩石具有较高的εSr(T)值与较低的εNd(T)值，其N^87Sr/N^86Sr初始比值为0.71020与0.71050，上壳端员组分介于67％－50％之间，表明其源区处于地壳中较深的位置，且有地幔流体的加入。玄武质岩石具有较高的εSr(T)值与负的εNd(T)值，其N^87Sr/N^86Sr初始比值为0.7063-0.7087，玄武质岩石在其形成过程中遭受过壳源岩浆的混合或大陆地壳物质的混染。