塔里木盆地塔中地区中上奥陶统碳酸盐岩层序发育对同生期岩溶作用的控制

塔里木盆地塔中地区是塔里木油田的主要采油区。奥陶系碳酸盐岩是区内重要的目的层段之一。在剖面、测井和岩心资料的基础上,以Cross的高分辨率层序地层学理论为指导,对区内中上奥陶统进行了初步的层序地层研究,划分出了三级层序界面。结合镜下薄片分析,以特征成岩组构为大气淡水成岩作用的识别标志,识别出 4个大气淡水成岩透镜体。在横向连井层序对比的基础上,结合大气淡水成岩透镜体的发育层位,建立了层序地层和大气淡水成岩透镜体对比剖面。揭示不同级别层序界面对台地边缘碳酸盐岩同生期岩溶的控制,对于正确预测碳酸盐岩储层的发育规律,具有重要的指导意义。     

1990-2015年喜马拉雅山东段中国和不丹边境地区冰川变化研究

利用Landsat影像,EDM影像等数据资料,使用遥感图像处理及目视解译方法提取了喜马拉雅山东段中国与不丹边境地区冰川从1990—2015年4期边界,研究其与气温降水变化关系,并选取特定冰川,对其表面流速进行估算。研究表明：1990—2015年,该地区冰川退缩速率达0.43%·a^-1,并且冰川年退缩率逐渐增大,表明冰川消融速度逐渐加快。该时段内,气温呈现明显上升趋势,导致了冰川的快速消融。通过对冰川表面流速的估算,得出中国与不丹边境地区研究选取的冰前湖对冰川流速具有促进作用,加速冰川消融。     

YHZ-1型遥控振动式海底取样钻机

YHZ-1型遥控振动式海底取样钻机包括船上设备和海下钻机2大部分，应用了计算机技术和现代电子测控技术。介绍了其结构原理、性能特点、技术参数及电气系统。     

内蒙古驼峰山含铜硫化物矿床地质特征及成因初探

内蒙古中部黄岗梁-甘珠尔庙成矿带已发现多处颇具规模的含铜硫化物矿床,驼峰山矿床位于其中。据现有矿区地质结合区域相关地质资料认为,矿区地层为下二叠统海相火山-沉积岩,是一套优地槽型的沉积建造。含铜硫化物矿体即赋存于火山穹隆附近下二叠统大石寨组中酸性火山岩中,矿体呈层状、似层状、透镜状,与围岩基本整合。矿石主要成分为硫、铜、铁,主要共生组合矿物为黄铜矿、黄铁矿等。总之矿床应属与海相火山作用有关的硫化物矿床。在本区域找矿工作中应重视物探异常提供的信息。     

青海循化盆地晚渐新世沉积物中坡缕石的特征及其古气候指示意义

采用X射线衍射和扫描电子分析方法,对青海循化盆地晚渐新世沉积物的矿物组成、坡缕石的矿物学特征以及古气候指示作用进行了深入的研究。结果表明,晚渐新世循化盆地沉积物中粘土矿物组成主要有蒙脱石、伊利石、坡缕石和绿泥石等;坡缕石一般呈纤维状或者针状,沿片状蒙脱石的边缘及表面交代生长,为典型自生成因的坡缕石。坡缕石是干旱-半干旱气候条件的特征矿物,其出现表明循化地区晚渐新世气候特征较为干旱,与粘土矿物组合及伊利石结晶度所反映的气候环境信息相吻合;沉积物中坡缕石相对含量及有序度自下而上逐渐增大,说明循化地区的干旱化逐渐加剧。循化地区晚渐新世(～23 Ma)的干旱化可能与青藏高原隆升或者全球气候变冷事件密切相关。     

三维可视化技术在地震资料解释中的研究与应用

应用三维可视化技术，可以对三维地震资料进行立体的、多方位的展示和观察，以研究地震资料的宏观特征和构造细节，最终达到提高解释精度，提高地质解释的合理性的目的。通过介绍三维可视化技术的发展现状及原理，说明三维可视化技术在三维地震资料解释中的应用方法，并列举了三维可视化解释软件在地震资料解释中的部分功能。     

A case study of near-inertial oscillation in the South China Sea using mooring observations and satellite altimeter data

A near-inertial oscillation (NIO) burst event in the west South China Sea (SCS) was observed by an upward-looking mooring Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) in summer 2004. The mooring station was located at 13.99°N, 110.52°E. The spectral analysis reveals that typhoon Chanchu is a major mechanism in triggering the NIO burst event. Before typhoon Chanchu passed over, the NIO signals were quite weak. The NIO band becomes the most energetic constituent of the circulation during the typhoon-wake period. The average peak power density (PD) reaches (5.3 ± 2.6) × 10² cm² s⁻² (cycles per hour, cph)⁻¹ with a maximum value of 9.0 × 10² cm² s⁻² cph⁻¹, i.e., 3.1 times higher than that of diurnal tide (DT), (1.7 ± 0.5) × 10² cm² s⁻² cph⁻¹. At the upper (80 m) and sub-upper (208 m) layers, the central frequency of the NIO band is 0.022 cph with a blueshift of about 9% above the inertial frequency f (0.02015 cph). At the lower layer (400 m), the central frequency of the NIO band is 0.021 cph with a blueshift of about 4% above the inertial frequency. The blueshifts are explained partially by the Doppler shift induced by the vorticity of mesoscale eddies. During the after-typhoon period, a resonance-like process between NIO and DT is observed in the upper layer. As the NIO frequency approaches the DT subharmonic frequency (0.5K₁), the PD of the NIO band rises sharply accompanied by a sharp drop of the PD of the DT band. The PD ratio of the two bands increases from 4.5 during the typhoon-wake period to 8 during the after-typhoon period, indicating the effect of the parametric subharmonic instability (PSI) mechanism.     

Mantle plume: the dynamic setting of the origin of Early Paleozoic mafic dykes in Ziyang,Shaanxi Province,Southern Qinling Block,China

The mafic dykes (dolerites) during the Early Paleozoic are widely spread in Langao-Ziyang, southern Qiling Block, and the investigation on these dykes are very important. Previous studies have mainly focused on the Silurian mafic dykes; however, research on the Earlier Paleozoic mafic dykes is relatively weak at present. Therefore, the overall understanding of the mantle source and genetic dynamic setting during the Early Paleozoic in this area is lacking. To study the accurate age and origin of the Early Paleozoic mafic dykes in Ziyang, southern Shaanxi Province, the mafic dykes from dabacunand Qinmingzhai were selected and the petrology, zircon U–Pb chronology, geochemistry, and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopes were studied. Analysis indicates that the mafic dykes studied are mainly composed of dolerite, and they are the products of the Early Ordovician (475.8–480.7 Ma). Furthermore, the dolerites belong to alkaline rock series, and they are characterized by enrichment in LREE, Rb, Ba, Sr, Nb, (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i = 0.7020–0.7050, ε_Nd(t) = 3.0–4.0), ε_Hf (t) = 4.5–12.1,¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf = 0.282681–0.282844. This suggests that the mafic dyke were derived from the partial melting of a depleted lithospheric mantle, and the genetic process is mainly controlled by the mantle plume based on the discussion of the genetic model. Furthermore, the genetic process experienced the separation and crystallization of olivine and clinopyroxene at the same time, with little crustal contamination.

     

A method for frost jacking prediction of single pile in permafrost

In this paper, a model is proposed to simulate frost jacking performances of a pile foundation within an axisymmetric pile–soil system through a coupling strategy. We consider three diversified stages for frost heave of adjacent foundation soil below freezing point, where mathematical expressions for the volumetric strain are given in terms of volumetric ice content, negative temperature and porosity. A modified strain-softening model characterizing frozen soil–pile interactions is established based on experimental results, taking into account the effects of normal pressure, negative temperature and moisture content. The proposed computational approach is then illuminated and validated via the numerical example of a simplified bridge pile foundation under natural permafrost condition. Variation of temperature regime, volumetric ice content, displacement and stress over time is analyzed. This model can be further applied to evaluating effects of different countermeasures that mitigate frost jacking hazard of single pile subjected to cold climate.

     

利用InSAR获取2020年新疆于田Mw6.3地震同震形变场与断层滑动分布反演

本文基于InSAR技术,利用欧空局Sentinel-1A/B升降轨SAR数据,提取了2020年6月26日新疆于田Mw6.3地震的同震形变场.利用升、降轨同震形变场约束,分别采用MPSO算法和Bayesian方法反演此次地震发震断层均匀滑动的几何参数,并进行对比.然后采用SDM方法获得发震断层非均匀滑动分布,并分析了同震...