高放废物地质处置岩体工程质量评价系统开发与应用

从岩体工程质量评价理论和技术方法出发,结合我国高放废物地质处置工程特点,建立了高放废物地质处置岩体工程质量评价系统,初步实现了信息存储与调用、数据录入与校正,以及岩体工程质量评价等功能,并对北山预选区BS15号钻孔数据进行了初步分析与评价。研究结果表明,该系统具有良好的工程应用前景。     

流域非点源磷素输出负荷估算方法研究

目前水质常规监测频率较低,难以客观反映流域非点源污染物浓度随降雨径流过程的变化情况,结果会低估了流域非点源污染物的输出负荷。本文利用流域次降雨过程的连续水质水量同步监测资料,研究分析次降雨过程与流域非点源磷素输出负荷之间的因果关系,并建立次降雨总量与磷素输出负荷的定量相关关系。研究结果表明,流域次降雨总量与非点源磷素输出负荷之间存在较好的相关关系。通过这种定量关系,以流域次降雨总量为输入,可以更为合理地估算出流域非点源磷素输出负荷。     

回填块石土强夯施工工艺的确定及设计优化

以华能莱芜电厂百万机组“上大压小”扩建工程填方区回填块石土强夯地基处理试夯试验为例,比对2个试夯分区采用不同施工工艺施工的质量差别及处理效果,据此查明强夯法的施工质量,确定强夯有效加固深度、土的密实度、变形参数和地基承载力等。根据场地夯填厚度,选取合适的虚填厚度及相应的施工工艺,确定最终施工方案,进一步提高强夯地基处理效果,为最终确定大面积施工所采用的施工工艺提供依据。     

基于年龄测试的黄庄—高丽营断裂活动性研究

黄庄—高丽营断裂是北京平原区一条重要的活动断裂,在庙城—高丽营段沿线发生地裂缝,造成大量房屋墙体开裂和道路破坏。在西王路村探槽揭示该断裂错断第四系地层,产生地表地裂缝。探糟断裂孢粉年龄测试,该断裂发生年龄大致在13～22ka,仍处于活动状态。     

Fault-Growth Pattern of the South Margin Normal Fault of the Yuguang Basin in Northwest Beijing and its Influencing Factors

Based on high-resolution remote sensing image interpretation, digital elevation model 3-D analysis, field geologic field investigation, trenching engineering, and ground-penetrating radar, synthetic research on the evolution of the Yuguang Basin South Margin Fault (YBSMF) in northwest Beijing was carried out. We found that the propagation and growth of faults most often occurred often at two locations: the fault overlapping zone and the uneven or rough fault segment. Through detailed observation and analysis of all cropouts of faults along the YBSMF from zone a to zone i, we identified three major factors that dominate or affect fault propagation and growth. First, the irregularity of fault geometry determine the propagation and growth of the fault, and therefore, the faults always propagate and grow at such irregular fault segments. The fault finally cuts off and eliminates its irregularity, making the fault geometry and fault plane smoother than before, which contributes to the slipping movement of the half-graben block in the basin. Second, the scale of the irregularity of the fault geometry affects the result of fault propagation and growth, that is, the degree of the cutting off of fault irregularity. The degree of cutting off decreases as irregularity scale increases. Third, the maximum possible slip displacement of the fault segment influences the duration of fault propagation and growth. The duration at the central segments with a large slip displacement is longer than that at the end segments with a smaller slippage value.     

Tectonic Taphrogenesis and Paleoseismic Records from the Yishu Fault Zone in the Initial Stage of the Caledonian Movement

The Yishu fault zone (mid-segment of the Tanlu fault zone) was formed in the Presinian. Periodic tectonic activities and strong seismic events have occurred along the fault zone. During the initial stage of the Caledonian Movement, with the proceeding of the marine transgression from the Yishu paleo-channel to the western Shandong, uneven thick sediments, composed mainly of sand, mud and carbonates of littoral, lagoon, and neritic facies, were deposited in the Yishu fault zone and western Shandong, and constructed the bottom part of the Lower Cambrian consisting of the Liguan and Zhushadong formations. Through field observations and the lab-examinations, various paleoseismic records have been discovered in the Liguan Formation and the Zhushadong Formations of the Yishu fault zone and its vicinity, including some layers with syn-sedimentary deformation structures that were triggered by strong earthquakes (i.e. seismite, seismo-olistostrome, and seismo-turbidite). Paleoseismic records developed in the Zhushadong Formation are mainly seismites with soft-sediment deformation structures, such as liquefied diapir, small liquefied-carbonate lime-mud volcano, liquefied vein, liquefied breccia, convolute deformation (seismic fold), graded fault, soft siliceous vein, and deformation stromatolite, as well as seismites with brittle deformation structures of semiconsolidated sediments. Paleoseismic records preserved in the Liguan Formation are not only seismo-olistostrome with a slump fold, load structure, and ball-and-pillows, but also seismo-turbidite with convolution bedding, graded bedding and wavy-bedding. However, in the western Shandong area, the closer to the Yishu fault zone, the greater the thickness of the Liguan Formation and the Zhushadong Formation, the greater the number and type of layers with paleoseismic records, and the higher the earthquake intensity reflected by associations of seismic records. This evidence indicates that tectonic taphrogenesis accompanied by strong earthquake events occurred in the Yishu fault zone during the initial stage of the Caledonian Movement, which embodied the break-up of the Sino-Korean Plate along the Paleo-Tanlu fault zone at that time.     

烷基酚的油水分配系数影响因素研究

烷基酚是一类由酚类化合物烷基化后产生的化合物,与其他非烃化合物相比,更易溶于水.文章通过不同温度(25℃、45℃和65℃)、 不同盐水浓度(4000 mg/L、6000 mg/L和8000 mg/L)和不同原油类型(X37、X45和X61)的三组油水分配实验,研究了烷基酚在油水两相间的分配特征,确定了烷基酚分配系数的变...     

察尔汗盐湖别勒滩区段晶间卤水的主要离子分布特征

通过野外采集样品、室内实验分析,研究了察尔汗盐湖别勒滩区段晶间卤水的主要离子分布特征。采集了53个晶间卤水样品,通过分析,发现K+浓度一般随着深度的增加而减小,Li+浓度一般随着深度的增加而增加,Mg2+浓度随着深度增加浓度也在增加,但异常情况同样存在。Li+,B2O3在空间分布上有一个富集区域,越是远离这一区域离子含量就越低;K+含量则存在两个临界点,在临界点附近相关离子浓度和矿化度会变化。     

南极普里兹湾海冰厚度的电磁感应探测方法研究

本文介绍一种由EM31-ICE型电磁感应仪和激光测距仪组合而成的船载电磁感应海冰厚度探测系统. 针对海冰和海水的电学特征,运用电磁感应技术提取探测系统至海冰下底面的距离,运用激光测距仪测量冰面粗糙度和探测系统至海冰上表面的距离,两组数据结合,实现了海冰厚度的探测. 通过南极现场探测数据分析,并与钻孔实测冰厚数据对比研究,定量分析了探测系统距离冰面的高度效应,建立了该系统冰厚测定值随高度变化的修正关系式,并对船载航行数据进行了系统校正. 与SCAR ASPeCt的冰厚数据对比分析,表明该系统能够获得可靠的海冰厚度并具有较高的精度,且能满足对极区大范围海冰厚度观测的需求.