An interdisciplinary study of weathering effects in ordinary chondrites from the Acfer region,Algeria

Abstract— Weathering effects on meteorite finds from the Acfer region were studied by various analytical techniques and in dependence on the depth of sampling. In thin sections of weathered meteorites, weathering effects usually decrease from the outside to the interior of the meteorite. The results of evolved gas analysis indicate that variation in weathering between surface and core is not significant in respect to the formation of Fe-oxyhydroxides. The secondary alteration effects in the noble gases are distributed unevenly throughout the specimens, as seen in the nonsystematic differences observed for the heavy noble gases. Chemical analyses show significant enrichment of Ba and Sr in the outer parts of the weathered samples due to element contamination through aqueous solution. Iron, Ni, and Co are partly flushed from the system as the metal oxidation proceeds. Oxygen isotopes show increases in δ¹⁸O and δ¹⁷O with increasing terrestrial age. For a set of H3 chondrites, the degree of weathering determined from the water content was correlated with terrestrial ages and is discussed with respect to possible weathering mechanisms.     

The Fine Structure of the Spiral-arms

An explanation for filaments inclined to the galactic plane observed in the next-inner spiral-arm is sought in terms of self-consistent z-oscillations. These filaments or „shingles”︁ are observed to be ˜ 1.4 kpc long, 70 pc thick and inclined to the plane by ˜ 12°. In a collisionless axi-symmetric stellar system we simplify the BOLTZMANN and POISSON equations by assuming a constant density normal to the galactic plane up to z ≈︂ 200 pc and by assuming a constant radial component of the spatial coordinates. The condition for selfconsistency in the linear approximation results in shingles 1.3 kpc long, inclined to the plane by 17°. The length of the shingles is independent of the radial distance R from the centre and the inclination depends inversely on R as is observed.     

REMARKS ON THE SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO IN THE VIBROSEIS SYSTEM*

The paper presents a discussion of some of the noise features of the VIBROSEIS SYSTEM *** ** Trademark of Continental Oil Company.
and their bearing on the determination of the optimally weighted stack.     

地磁场的空间相关性及其在地震预报中的应用

本文扼要叙述了震磁关系研究的现状,阐述了“震磁效应”分析的基本原理,提出了“空间相关”和“现象相关”两种“震磁效应”分析的基本方法。作者应用我国华北地区若干台站资料,以局部地区地磁场空间相关性的分析为基础,重点讨论了“空间相关法”,给出了具体震例分析的初步结果。最后,就有关“震磁效应”分析的几个问题进一步做了简要讨论。     

Symposium on the glacial refugia and migration paths of Central and North European trees

A symposium on the glacial refugia and migration paths of Central and North European trees was sponsored by the Løvenholm foundation and held at Løvenholm Castle in Jutland, Denmark, in July 1981. Twenty invited lectures were given by participants from twelve European countries. The symposium showed that it may be possible to identify the migration centres and the origin of local populations of the     

地磁场的空间相关性及其在地震预报中的应用

本文扼要叙述了震磁关系研究的现状,阐述了“震磁效应”分析的基本原理,提出了“空间相关”和“现象相关”两种“震磁效应”分析的基本方法。作者应用我国华北地区若干台站资料,以局部地区地磁场空间相关性的分析为基础,重点讨论了“空间相关法”,给出了具体震例分析的初步结果。最后,就有关“震磁效应”分析的几个问题进一步做了简要讨论。     

MAPPING NON-REFLECTING VELOCITY INTERFACES BY NORMAL MOVEOUT VELOCITIES OF UNDERLYING HORIZONS*

The normal moveout velocity of a reflecting bed is a function of the dips and curvatures of all overlying velocity interfaces. Now let the (N– 1)th velocity interface be a non- (or badly) reflecting bed, whereas the other interfaces, including the base of the Nth layer, reflect satisfactorily, and let the velocities U_{N– 1} and U_N of the (N– 1)th and Nth layer, respectively, be known. Then the normal moveout velocity for the base of the Nth layer, if known in one direction at a certain part of the surface of the earth, provides a second order differential equation in the horizontal coordinates x and y for the depth Z_{N – 1}(x, y) of the unknown interface. The mathematics becomes rather simple in the case of two-dimensional geological structures. For this case and N= 2 the differential equation mentioned can be solved by stepwise integration or by iteration. One of the many possible applications of the new concept is the determination of the structure of the base of an overthrusting sheet.     

HUNGARY AFTER 1989: INSCRIBING A NEW PAST ON PLACE*

ABSTRACT. Since the fall of the Communist government in 1989, Hungary's political monuments and historical shrines have undergone great change. Although popular attention focused on the removal of overtly political monuments, new shrines were also created, and forgotten memorials were restored. In a departure from earlier political eras, decisions about contested places are issuing from local authorities and private citizens, rather than from the central government. The result is a sometimes subtle rearrangement of public memorials and shrines that interprets the national past by drawing symbolic and spatial parallels between some historical events while rejecting connections among others. The meanings of events and places, particularly those linked to twentieth‐century wartime and civil upheavals, remain contested.     

CRUSTAL REFLECTIVITY PATTERN AND ITS RELATION TO GEOLOGICAL PROVINCES1

The statistical treatment of deep seismic reflections from several different geological units has resulted in different reflectivity histograms. Reflectivity in old and cold shields differs significantly from that in younger, warmer areas. In the shields reflectivity is generally poor and concentrated in the upper crust whilst Caledonian and Variscan areas show strong reflecting lamellae in their lower crust. Also the length of the reflecting elements varies with age and heat flow. The lower crust in young areas is a zone of a strong viscosity minimum as derived from model studies with a temperature dependent rheology. The subhorizontal reflecting lamellae in the lower crust are considered to have been created in a large-scale high-temperature, low-viscosity ordering process whose remnants are still preserved today. Local-scale differences of reflectivity histograms define certain subprovinces which can be distinguished by their specific patterns.