闽西南晚中生代四方岩体同位素年代学、地球化学及其构造意义

闽西南地区四方岩体主要由花岗闪长岩和花岗闪长斑岩组成 ,花岗闪长岩单颗粒锆石 U-Pb年龄为 10 7.8±1.2 Ma,角闪石 Ar-Ar年龄为 10 4.8± 0 .8Ma,形成于早白垩世。岩体是在伸展拉张构造环境下以快速冷却 (50～ 60℃ / Ma)侵位的 ,岩石相对富 Na2 O,A / CNK<1,具壳 -幔混合源 I型花岗岩特征。岩石富 K、Rb、Th、U、L REE,贫 Ti、Nb、Ta、Sr,具火山弧/活动大陆边缘钙碱性岩系的特征。 (87Sr/ 86Sr) i为 0 .70 63 5～ 0 .70 898,εNd(t)为 -5.2 4～ -3 .69,TDM为 1.3 3～ 1.2 1Ga。岩石主要由幔源岩浆与中下地壳物质部分熔融形成的花岗质岩浆的混合形成的。与闽东沿海地区相比 ,晚中生代时闽西南地区总体处于与华南软流圈地幔上涌有关的伸展拉张构造环境 ,但由玄武岩浆底侵作用引发的壳幔作用并不强烈。该时期中酸性岩浆作用与成矿关系十分密切     

Contrast in Fluid M etallogeny between the Tianmashan Au-S Deposit and the Datuanshan Cu Deposit in Tongling, Anhui Province

A comprehensive contrast of ore-forming geological background and ore-forming fluid features, especially fluid ore-forming processes, has been performed between the Tianmashan and the Datuanshan ore deposits in Tongling, Anhui Province. The major reasons for the formation of the stratabound skarn Au-S ore deposit in Tianmashan and the stratabound skarn Cu ore deposit in Datuanshan are analyzed in accordance with this contrast. The magmatic pluton in Tianmashan is rich in Au and poor in Cu, but that in Datuanshan is rich in Cu and Au. The wallrock strata in Tianmashan contain Au-bearing pyrite layers with some organic substance but those in Datuanshan contain no such layers. Moreover, the ore-forming fluids in Tianmashan are dominantly magmatic ones at the oxide and sulfide stages, but those with high content of Cu in Datuanshan are mainly groundwater fluids. In addition, differences in compositional evolution and physicochemical condition variation of the ore-forming fluids result in gradual dispersion     

玩具业中重金属的等离子体发射光谱分析

为了支持玩具业,许多实验室需要分析各种复杂基体中的金属含量。人们关心的主要元素是铅,但很多其他有毒元素也具有潜在的威胁,尤其对于儿童。这些重金属元素包括锑、砷、钡、镉、铬、硒、汞和铅,累积在人体中将产生不利的影响。一些塑料和木制玩具,特别是表面色彩鲜艳的玩具被证实含有更高水平的铅和其他元素,儿童因接触易摄入,相关法规对产品表面含有这些元素的材料作了一些限制。为了保证玩具和其他物品的生产、流通和销售,有必要检测其中的重金属含量。不同的管理机构对各类样品中的元素提供了限量要求。在玩具安全性的欧洲标准EN71第3部分(已纳入ISO8124-3),其中在“特定元素的迁移”一节给出了玩具材料中元素迁移的     

Collating Historic Weather Observations for the East Asian Region:Challenges,Solutions,and Reanalyses

正1.Introduction Historic instrumental weather observations,made on land or at sea from as early as the 17th century(e.g.,Camuffo et al.,2010),are integral to extending our understanding of the decadal and centennial variations of Earth’s climate and for comparison with paleo-proxy data.The potential of such data is shown to best effect when used in dynamical 4D global     

《坤輿万国全图》与《利玛窦中国札记》中外译本考疑

金尼阁编译的《利玛窦中国札记》多种欧洲文字版本之间存在翻译差异,而300年后出版的英译本和中译本与原文存在严重错漏。600页的札记,利玛窦只用不到两页的篇幅叙述测绘《坤輿万国全图》一事,连实际比例尺的描述也不清楚。利玛窦承认没有见过其他的版本,"六幅版"地图出现在南京或北京,个别欧洲文字翻译版本不一,《坤輿万国全图》究竟是在南京还是北京完成的也有疑问。《利玛窦中国札记》用的是中国传统的测绘术语,指出地图的错误是针对西方地图而不是中国地图。《坤輿万国全图》中一半的中文地名,当时欧洲地图没有对应。1593年,利玛窦尚未制作《坤輿万国全图》,"六幅版"中文世界地图已出现在南京。因此,《坤輿万国全图》原本早已存在,《坤輿万国全图》应是郑和时代(1405—1433)大航海的成果,中国的地图学,不是西学东渐,甚至有可能是中国的世界地理与地图学流传到西方。世界地图史应该还原中国对地理大发现与地图学的贡献。     

Cloud Radiative Effects and Changes Simulated by the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 Models

Using 32 CMIP5(Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5) models, this study examines the veracity in the simulation of cloud amount and their radiative effects(CREs) in the historical run driven by observed external radiative forcing for 1850–2005, and their future changes in the RCP(Representative Concentration Pathway) 4.5 scenario runs for2006–2100. Validation metrics for the historical run are designed to examine the accuracy in the representation of spatial patterns for climatological mean, and annual and interannual variations of clouds and CREs. The models show large spread in the simulation of cloud amounts, specifically in the low cloud amount. The observed relationship between cloud amount and the controlling large-scale environment are also reproduced diversely by various models. Based on the validation metrics,four models—ACCESS1.0, ACCESS1.3, Had GEM2-CC, and Had GEM2-ES—are selected as best models, and the average of the four models performs more skillfully than the multimodel ensemble average.All models project global-mean SST warming at the increase of the greenhouse gases, but the magnitude varies across the simulations between 1 and 2 K, which is largely attributable to the difference in the change of cloud amount and distribution. The models that simulate more SST warming show a greater increase in the net CRE due to reduced low cloud and increased incoming shortwave radiation, particularly over the regions of marine boundary layer in the subtropics. Selected best-performing models project a significant reduction in global-mean cloud amount of about-0.99% K~(-1)and net radiative warming of 0.46 W m~(-2)K~(-1), suggesting a role of positive feedback to global warming.     

A SUGGESTION OF A NEW METHOD FOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF IGNEOUS INTRUSIONS

It may be safely presumed that few of us who have worked in the field as a geological surveyor would dissent in making an open confession of our unfortunate attitude towards igneous rocks particularly those of a massive form. These obstacles, as one is apt to regard them, are the unruly bodies