长白山金川泥炭地圆叶茅膏菜的生态可塑性

圆叶茅膏菜（Drosera rotundifolia）是营养贫乏型泥炭地的典型食虫植物。于2006年9月,应用“固有年际标记”确定长白山金川泥炭地边缘（A）和中心（B）圆叶茅膏菜种群的年龄结构,研究其生态可塑性。结果表明,两种群植株分别由5个龄级和4个龄级组成,年龄结构分别呈衰退型和稳定型。两个种群平均高度相差35．9％（nA=80,nB=110,P〈0．01）,泥炭地边缘的生境更有利于植株高度的生长。各龄植株的平均高度均随龄级增加而呈相似线性增长规律（nA=80,nB=110,P〈0．05）。泥炭地边缘植株平均叶长、叶宽、叶柄长均高于中心（nA=74,nB=104,P〈0．01）,而叶片表面的触毛密度则相反,泥炭地边缘植株的触毛密度显著低于中心（nA=74,nB=104,P〈0．01）。由于泥炭地边缘较中心生境土壤养分丰富,昆虫数量多,光竞争强烈,导致圆叶茅膏菜在植株高度、叶片形态、触毛密度方面表现出很高的生态可塑性,高生态可塑性应是圆叶茅膏菜种群适应泥炭地异质环境的重要手段。     

山东泰山地区湖北海棠居群间变异的研究

在对山东泰山地区湖北海棠居群进行详细调查的基础上,依据花、果性状对该地区的4个湖北海棠居群间的形态变异进行了系统研究.结果表明,湖北海棠花、果性状在所选取的4个居群间出现了一定程度的分化,但这种分化是一个连续的变异过程,居群间的分化与居群生境的异质性有很大的关系;湖北海棠花、果的整体性状在4个居群间表现出一种海拔梯度变异,即随着分布海拔的升高,萼齿长、萼筒长、花柄长、果长、果径均有逐渐变小的趋势;并对泰山湖北海棠变种区别于模式变种的形态特征进行了补充描述.     

季节性Kendall检验及其在三门峡水库水质趋势分析中的应用

选择1997—2002年三门峡库区的龙门、潼关和三门峡3个断面的水质监测资料,运用季节性Kendall检验方法分析三门峡水库水质趋势,结果显示：龙门断面,CODMn、NO2-N及Hg的变化趋势不明显,NH3-N呈显著上升趋势,As、Cd和Cu呈显著下降趋势,而Pb则呈高度显著下降趋势;潼关断面,NH3-N、NO2-N和Hg的变化趋势不明显,CODMn呈显著上升趋势,As、Cd和Pb呈显著下降趋势,而Cu则呈高度显著下降趋势;三门峡断面,CODMn、NO2-N、As及Hg的变化趋势不明显,NH3-N污染呈显著上升趋势,Cd呈显著下降趋势,而Cu和Pb则呈高度显著下降趋势。     

中国城市地表灰尘中重金属的富集状况及空间分布特征

在统计中国城市地表灰尘中重金属含量的已有相关文献基础上,探讨了中国地表灰尘中Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd五种元素的空间分布特征及各省份的富集状况。搜集到的各地区地表灰尘重金属含量的研究数据分别为69、84、86、79、58个。对研究数据剔除异常值后分别进行克里金插值和统计各省份地表灰尘重金属含量的平均值,并与土壤背景值作对比计算出累积指数,得到中国地表灰尘中重金属的空间分布状况和各省份的富集水平。结果表明：中国地表灰尘中重金属含量普遍较高,且各地区重金属含量水平存在不同程度上的差异。就整体而言,Cu、Pb、Zn三种重金属含量的空间分布较为相似,由高到低均大致呈南—北走势,而Cr含量呈中部高两侧低的趋势,Cd并无明显趋势。各省份平均值与土壤背景值相比,除Cr在山东省和贵州省无富集状况以外,各省的地表灰尘中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd均具有一定的富集。其中,湖南省的Cd和Pb均富集最为严重,分别是土壤背景值的177.95和42.82倍;Cr在福建省富集最为严重,为背景值的7.11倍;广东省的Cu富集水平最高,是背景值的10.35倍,而Zn在江西省的富集水平最高,超出背景值39.13倍。     

Wind-sand movement characteristics and erosion mechanism of a solar photovoltaic array in the middle of the Hobq Desert,Northwestern China

The operation and power generation of utility-scale solar energy infrastructure in desert areas are affected by changes in surface erosion processes resulting from the construction of solar photovoltaic(PV) power stations. However, few studies have addressed the interactions between solar PV arrays and aeolian erosion processes. In this study, wind flow field characteristics and the vertical distribution of sediments were investigated in the near-surface transport layer at three different locations with respect to the solar PV arrays in a 200 WM-p PV power station in the central Hobq Desert, northwestern China. The results indicate that the sediment transport varied around the panels, with the greatest transport occurring between the panels, followed by behind and in front of the panels. The sediment fluxes of all of the observation sites obey an exponential function. The secondary flow field zones formed around the PV panels: the conflux accelerating zone between the panels, the resistance decelerating zone of the under panels, and the transition zone of the rapid velocity increase in front of and behind the panels. This resulted in a greater shear force in front of the panels under the downward flow diversion effect of PV panels, and the wind erosion depressions were finally formed here. The results of this study provide information for planning better technical schemes for wind-sand hazards at solar PV power stations, which would ensure operational stability and safety in desert areas.     

深海作战战场环境保障需求问题研究

深海战场空间的独特性和超前性引发了深海军事的发展和变革,并逐步改变军事斗争的战略态势。因此,迫切需要加速形成深海战场环境保障能力,为维护我国安全和海外利益拓展等提供基础支撑。总结归纳了深海概念及环境影响,提出面临形势与未来挑战,深入分析深海战略威慑、水下航行、导航定位、预置武器和预报预警等场景下的战场环境保障需求,最后提出深海战场环境保障建设的措施建议。     

基于ALBERT模型的园林植物知识实体与关系抽取方法

园林植物知识图谱可为顾及区域适应性、观赏性和生态性等因子的绿化树种的选型提供知识支持.植物描述文本的实体识别及关系抽取是知识图谱构建的关键环节.针对植物领域未有公开的标注数据集,本文阐述了园林植物数据集的构建流程,定义了园林植物的概念体系结构,完成了园林植物语料库的构建.针对现有Word2vec、ELMo和BERT等语...     

Replacing fishmeal with soybean meal affects survival,antioxidant capacity,intestinal microbiota,and mRNA expression of TOR and S6K1 in Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Using alternative plant-derived dietary protein to replace fishmeal, combined with practical evaluation indexes, is a recent focus for aquaculture practices. An 8-week feeding experiment with giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii post-larvae was conducted to determine the effects of replacing fishmeal(FM) with soybean meal in the feed, in terms of growth performance, antioxidant capacity, intestinal microbiota, and m RNA expression of target of rapamycin(TOR) and ribosomal protein S6 ...     

Longitudinal genetic analysis of growth-related traits in red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii(Girard)

The red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, is an economically important species especially in China. Their exoskeleton places serious constraints on growth and culture management. Their growth is achieved through intermittent molting/ecdysis. The longitudinal genetic dynamics for growth-related traits at different ecdysial points in P. clarkii has been unclear to date. In this study, conditional genetic analysis was carried out for growth-related traits(body weight, body length, chela length, ...     

基于形态滤波的水声通信信号同步检测方法

针对水声通信过程中拷贝相关同步检测在不同信道环境下相关峰值差距较大,通过单一固定门限同步检测导致信号误检率、漏检率高的问题,设计了一种信号同步检测帧结构,在传统拷贝相关同步检测信号前加入三单音信号,结合形态学滤波技术,提出了一种新的水声通信信号同步检测方法,实现了不同信道环境和通信距离下单一固定门限检测值的水声通信信号同步检测,降低了信号同步检测的误检和漏检概率。实际海试结果表明：在5 km,7 km,10 km不同通信距离和信道环境下该方法均可实现信号同步检测,信号的误检概率和漏检概率均为0。