Cepheus OB3巨分子云复合体的成块性质

本文作者用日本名古屋大学天体物理系的毫米波射电望远镜来研究Ｃｅｐｈｅｕｓ ＯＢ３巨分子云复合体的成块性质，得到了Ｃｅｏｐ Ｂ和Ｆ的核的物理参数。研究结果表明：Ｃｅｐｈｅｕｓ ＯＢ３巨分子云复合体中的巨分子云是成块的，整个巨分子云复合体是没有被束缚的。     

多维相似法的全球气候短期预报

1.引言在气象学领域里,时常有人用相似法做短期天气预报,最近做了这方面工作的有Lorenz(1969),Gruza和Ranjkova(1976)等人。早期,相似的概念同“大型天气形势”(Bauer,1951)或天气型分类(Elliott,1951)等有关。不论其名称如何,相似方法的基本思路简单得容易使人误解,而其直观性却很有吸引力。人们查阅过去某一时期(t~*)的历史资料,找出与现时状态(t)最为相似的大气场来。这样,很容易作出预报,它只不过是过去t~* δt的天气事件在将来t δt重复出现。这一方法有相当的吸引力,因为,对于并不属于数学方面的问题来讲,它在概念上和分析方面都比较简便。同时,用自然界来做其本身的预报,它     

黑云母中氯的含量

前言在"盆地"和"山区"构造区,有许多从花岗岩到闪长岩的深成岩体(主要是岩株).铜、铅、锌和其它金属的矿床在空间上与这些深成岩体有关,但也有许多岩体不含矿.含矿和不含矿侵入体之间在地球化学上     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987113000315

The Panzhihua gabbroic intrusion,part of the plumbing system of the Emeishan large igneous province, intruded late-Proterozoic dolomites and marls about～263 Ma ago.The dolomites in the contact aureole were converted to brucite marbles and a diverse suite of forsterite,diopside and garnet skarns.The variation in mineralogy is explained in part by differences in the composition of the protolith,particularly the proportion of silica minerals and clay,and in part by transfer of elements from intruding magmas.The trace element compositions of most marbles and skarns are very similar to those of unmetamorphosed dolomites and marls,but some contain high Si,Ti,and Fe contents that are interpreted to have come from a magmatic source.Three brucite marbles sampled～10 m from the contact of the intrusion and named "enriched brucite marble" have trace element compositions very different from their dolomitic protolith:their rare earth elements are strongly enriched whereas levels of Nb-Ta,Zr-Hf and Ti are very low.These characteristics resemble those of carbonate liquid in equilibrium with silicate liquid or more probably with silicate minerals in the case of Panzhihua,a similarity we take to indicate that the sample underwent partial melting.Samples taken up to 300 m from the contact contain brucite indicating that high temperatures persisted well into the country rocks.However,other samples collected only tens of metres from the contact are only slightly recrystallized indicating that conditions in the aureole were highly variable.We suggest that temperatures within the aureole were controlled by conduction of heat from the main intrusion and by supply of additional heat from abundant small dykes within the aureole.Circulation of fluids derived from deeper levels in the aureole flushed the carbon dioxide from the dolomite,lowering temperature needed to partially melt carbonate to the temperatures attained near the intrusion.Irregular but extensive heating destabilized the carbonates of the aureole and decarbonation reactions associated with carbonate breakdown and melting emitted a large volume of CO₂,with potential impact on global climate.     

非开挖技术的社会与环境可持续性

可持续发展是一门新兴的多学科范例,并在全球范围内受到广泛关注。可持续发展理念已成为一个确保未来人类繁荣的可行性保证。人们在抑制全球范围内建设工程对环境影响的方面有了紧迫性的意识,而这种意识促进人们去开发方法以量化这些影响。当提到可持续性时,目前分为三大类：社会的,环境的以及经济的,这三者之间的平衡对于创造稳定可持续环境的整体目标是关键的。很多学者已经研究过在安装地下设施时。不同的建设方法对经济与环境的影响,然而,很少有人会从社会可持续性的背景出发．．本文在社会和环境框架下讨论应用非开挖技术的可持续性,并与传统的开挖建设方法做对比．．在本文中,非开挖技术在采用绿色原则下安装新设备与恢复现有的基础设施方面显现出了优势。在露天建设时,多种施工设备的应用与采用非开挖方法相比,势必会引起更多的影响,而非开挖方法会减少地面扰动。