昆士兰芒特艾萨同构造期铜矿化的发育和定位的构造控制

引言澳大利亚东北部芒特艾萨的铜和银-铅-锌矿体,在沉积岩容矿的块状硫化物矿床中占据着特殊位置,它们都产在相同的建造(乌尔库哈特页岩)中,但它们之间有一定空间间隔,具有不同的容矿岩的特征。铅-锌矿体呈雁行排列在白云质页岩中,由层状方铅矿和闪锌矿层组成、Neudert(1983、84)根据沉积学分析认为,方铅矿和闪锌矿是在沉积地层中定位的,而不是沉积在沉积物-水界面上。为确定与变形历史有关的银-铅-锌矿体矿化时间,尚需进行详     

Trace fossils of an amalgamated storm-bed succession from the Jurassic of the Kachchh Basin,India:The significance of time-averaging in ichnology

The uppermost part of the Upper Bathonian Sponge Limestone member, Patcham Formation, of the Jhura Dome of Kachchh Mainland is a thickening-and shallowing-upward succession topped by medium-to thick-bedded hummocky cross-stratified grainstones deposited by storm waves. Occasionally, thin, commonly lenticular, intraclastic-bioclastic silty marl intercalations between the grainstones are highly bioturbated, in contrast to the grainstones, in which, for the most part, trace fossils occur scattered. Large exposures of bedding planes of the grainstones allow the detailed investigation of ichnological features, whereas the high density of traces in the soft marls precludes the identification of any ichnotaxa. Eighteen ichnotaxa have been recorded including Ophiomorpha, Thalassinoides, Taenidium, Gyrophyllites, Chondrites, Dactyloidites, Teichichnus, Bolonia, and Ancorichnus. Except for Ophiomorpha nodosa and Thalassinoides, which generally indicate moderate to high energy conditions and are the dwelling burrows of suspension-feeding to omnivorous crustaceans, the ichnotaxa represent a deposit-feeding behaviour of their producers and thus are characteristic of low-energy environments. The trace fossils form three ichnoassemblages characterized by(1) Ophiomorpha nodosa and Thalassinoides suevicus,(2)?Thalassinoides isp. A, Taenidium, and Bolonia lata,and(3) Ancorichnus. The dominance of traces of deposit-feeders in rocks indicative of high-energy events is counterintuitive and points to their non-contemporaneity. The sediments were deposited during brief highenergy events, whereas the trace fossils were produced when, after waning of storms low-energy conditions prevailed. This time-averaging is particularly pronounced in trace fossils that extend vertically downwards and may reach strata deposited under distinctly different conditions. Thus, environmental interpretations based on trace fossils should refer to colonisation surfaces rather than to the sediment surrounding the trace fossils. In the latter case, interpretations may be erroneous, especially when erosion subsequently destroyed sedimentary evidence of their original environment.     

波罗的地盾东部的太古宇

太古宙的多期变质岩构成了波罗的地盾东部元古宙地层的褶皱基底,占据了被现令侵蚀面切割的70％地区。太古宇是由不同时代的数个岩石群构成的(在2600-3500Ma时限范围内)其中包括有白海系、科拉系、卡罗里达系基底杂岩和拉宾杂岩。白海系和科拉系主要是由片麻岩(铝质、斜长石和含闪岩的)和闪岩构成,总厚为5—7公里。在扎曼德拉(Zaimandra)、平克尔—贾维(Pinkel-jarvi)等地麻粒岩     

地球物理学与大陆成长

引言解释星球和原子的內部运动和活动情况的理論比关于地球的类似理論发展得更为完善,更广泛地为人接受,这是令人惊奇的。但如比較一下,地球比較容易接触到,而星球和原子則十分遙远,那么上述的情况应正好相反。这种情况之所以产生,一部分是由于許多星球和原子有強烈的輻射,因而透露出它們的性貭,一部分是由于原子和星球数量很多,因而我們有时可能对它們其中之一所发生的不寻常变化.