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11.
Many projects have recently been carried out and proposed for observing high energy electrons since it is realized that cosmic ray electrons are very important when study-ing the dark matter particles and the acceleration mechanism of cosmic rays. An imaging calorimeter,BETS (Balloon-borne Electron Telescope with Scintillator fiber),has been de-veloped for this purpose. Using pattern analysis of the shower development,the electrons can be selected from those primary cosmic ray proton events with flux heights one-tenth that of the electrons. The Monte-Carlo simulation is indispensable for the instrument design,the sig-nal trigger and the data analysis. We present different shower simulation codes and compare the simulation results with the beam test and the flight data of BETS. We conclude that the code FLUKA2002 gives the most consistent results with the experimental data. 相似文献
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The upper mixed layer depth (h) has a significant seasonal variation in the real ocean and the low-order statistics of Langmuir turbulence are dramatically influenced by the upper mixed layer depth.To explore the influence of the upper mixed layer depth on Langmuir turbulence under the condition of the wind and wave equilibrium,the changes of Langmuir turbulence characteristics with the idealized variation of the upper mixed layer depth from very shallow (h=5 m) to deep enough (h=40 m) are studi... 相似文献
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GORDON T. BOWLES 《地质学报》1934,13(1)
INTRODUCTION During the year 1930-31, while holding a schularship from the Harvard-Yenching Institute, I received permission from the Institute to engage in ethnological and anthropological research on behalf of the University Museum 相似文献
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In general, geologically speaking, it has been noted that if the formation of coal took place during the Permo-Carboniferous period, its volatile matter will al ways be less than 30% when analized, and the contrary is usually the case for coal created during the Tertiary and Jurassic, these having more than 40%. 相似文献
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报告了中、美两国在喜马拉雅山区进行的第一次深反射地震试验的结果.试验剖面南起喜马拉雅山山脊南亚东县的帕里镇,向北穿过喜马拉雅山脊的荡拉,到达康马南的萨马达.剖面长约100km.共中心点(CMP)叠加剖面上显示出:1.在地壳中部有一强反射带,向北缓倾斜下去,延长达100km以上.它可能代表了一个活动的逆冲断裂或是一条巨大的拆离带,印度地壳整体或下地壳沿此拆离层俯冲到藏南之下.2.上部地壳的反射很丰富,显示了上地壳存在着大规模的叠瓦状结构.3.下地壳的反射同相轴呈现短而有规律的分布,显示了塑性流变特征.4.在测线南部莫霍反射明显,深度达72-75km.发现南部有双莫霍层的存在.5.试验中还取得莫霍层下面32,38,48s等双程走时的多条反射,向北倾斜,反射同相轴延续较长,信息丰富,反映了上地幔的成层结构和变形特征.这些结果对印度大陆地壳整体或其下地壳俯冲到藏南特提斯喜马拉雅地壳之下,并导致西藏南端地壳增厚的观点,给予了实质性的支持. 相似文献
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On low-pass digital filters in oceanography 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
-Two types of filters are widely used to remove semidirunal and diurnal tidal signals and other high frequency noises in oceanography. The first type of filters uses moving average with weights in time domain, and can be easily operated. Some data will be lost at each end of the time series, especially for the low low-pass filters. The second type of filters uses the discrete Fourier transform filter (DFTF) which operates in the frequency domain, and there are no data loss at the ends for the forward transform. However, owing to the Gibbs phenomenon and the discrete sampling (Nyquist effect) , ringing appears in the inverse transformed data, which is especially serious at each end. Thus some data at the ends are also discarded. The present study tries to find out what causes the ringing and then to seek for methods to overcome the ringing. We have found that there are two kinds of ringings, one is the Gibbs phenomenon, as defined before. The other is the "Nyquist"ringing due to sampling Nyquist critical 相似文献