全文获取类型
收费全文 | 470篇 |
免费 | 18篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 16篇 |
大气科学 | 60篇 |
地球物理 | 84篇 |
地质学 | 196篇 |
海洋学 | 44篇 |
天文学 | 50篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
自然地理 | 36篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 3篇 |
2020年 | 9篇 |
2019年 | 3篇 |
2018年 | 16篇 |
2017年 | 16篇 |
2016年 | 16篇 |
2015年 | 6篇 |
2014年 | 22篇 |
2013年 | 28篇 |
2012年 | 35篇 |
2011年 | 25篇 |
2010年 | 16篇 |
2009年 | 25篇 |
2008年 | 19篇 |
2007年 | 15篇 |
2006年 | 16篇 |
2005年 | 20篇 |
2004年 | 18篇 |
2003年 | 11篇 |
2002年 | 14篇 |
2001年 | 11篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 12篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 7篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1943年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有489条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Arnaud M. Aubourg E. Bareyre P. Br';ehin S. Caridroit R. de Kat J. Dispau G. Djidi K. Gros M. Lachièze-Rey M. Laigneau Y. Laurent B. Lesquoy E. Lavocat Ph. Magneville C. Mazeau B. Milsztajn A. Moscoso L. Pasquaud J. Paul B. Perrin P. Petibon J. Piret Y. Queinnec F. Rich J. Spiro M. de Trogoff J. Vigroux L. Zylberajch S. Ansari R. Cavalier F. Moniez M. Beaulieu J. P. Ferlet R. Grison Ph. Vidal-Madjar A. Adrianzyk G. Berger J. P. Burnage R. Delclite J. C. Kohler D. Magnan R. Richaud A. Guibert J. Moreau O. Tajahmady F. Baranne A. Maurice E. Prévôt L. Gry C. 《Experimental Astronomy》1994,4(3-4):265-278
A 20cm
2
CCD mosaic camera has been especially built to search for dark galactic halo objects by the gravitational microlensing effect. The sensitive area is made of 16 edge-buttable CCDs developped by Thomson-CTS, with 23×23 µm
2
pixels. The 35 kg camera housing and mechanical equipment is presented. The associated electronics and data acquisition system are described in a separate paper. The camera resides at the focal plane of a 40 cm, f/10, Ferson reflector. The instrument has been in operation since December 1991 at the La Silla Observatory (ESO). 相似文献
2.
3.
J.P. Le Roux Sven N. Nielsen Helga Kemnitz Álvaro Henriquez 《Sedimentary Geology》2008,203(1-2):164-180
An exceptionally large tsunami affected the coastline of southern Chile during the Pliocene. Its backflow eroded coarse beach and coastal dune sediments and redistributed them over the continental shelf and slope. Sandstone dykes and sills injected from the base of the resulting hyperconcentrated flow into underlying cohesive muds, assisted in plucking up large blocks of the latter and incorporating them into the flow. Locally, the rip-up intraclasts were fragmented further by smaller-scale injections to form a distinct breccia of angular to rounded mudstone clasts within a medium to coarse sandstone matrix. Sandstone sills in places mimic normal sedimentary beds, complete with structures resembling inverse gradation, planar laminae, as well as ripple and trough cross-lamination. These were probably formed by internal sediment flow and shear stress as the semi-liquefied sand was forcefully injected into cracks. In borehole cores, such sills can easily be misinterpreted as normal sedimentary beds, which can have important implications for hydrocarbon exploration. 相似文献
4.
5.
Current trends of space occupation by encrusting excavating sponges on Colombian coral reefs 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Some sponges of the genus Cliona (Porifera, Hadromerida, Clionidae) simultaneously excavate and encrust calcareous substratum, competing aggressively for illuminated space with corals and other organisms. To interpret current trends of reef space occupation, the patterns of distribution and size of three Caribbean species were examined at San Andrés Island and Islas del Rosario in Colombia. While Cliona aprica was ubiquitous, C. caribbaea (= C. langae) preferred deep and protected reef zones, and C. tenuis shallow and wave‐exposed settings. In contrast to the effect on other excavating sponges, chronic exposure to raw sewage did not significantly increase the abundance of the studied sponges. Substratum occupation/availability ratios showed a positive tendency of the sponges toward certain coral skeletons, and a negative or neutral tendency toward calcareous rock, indicating that establishment may be easier on clean, recently dead coral than on older, heavily incrusted substratum. High relief generally limits sponge size to that of the illuminated portions of the substratum. A generally lower proportion of small individuals than of larger ones indicates currently low recruitment rates and low subsequent mortality. Successful events of higher recruitment seem to have occurred for C. tenuis. These are related to the massive acroporid coral die‐off in the early 1980s and to asexual dispersion during storms, resulting in a current 10% substratum cover. Reefs with high coral mortality were and/or are thus more susceptible to colonization and subsequent space occupation by these sponges, although relief may prevent space monopolization. 相似文献
6.
利用颗粒态放射性核素携带的颗粒物历经过程信息,我们提出用泥沙扩散方程和颗粒态放射性核素扩散方程联解底部边界层颗粒态物质迁移参数的方法。分析实例的样品取自荷兰Waden Sea南部Balgzand潮滩(砂坪)和Mok湾潮滩(泥坪)的两个站位(BG1和Mok2)。示踪核素为~(234)Th,~(210)Pb和~(137)Cs,其放射性比度由r能谱测出。 相似文献
7.
Molecular identification of ascaridoid nematodes from the deep-sea onion-eye grenadier (Macrourus berglax) from the East Greenland Sea 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Esra Kellermanns Sven Klimpel Harry Wilhelm Palm 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2007,54(12):2194-2202
Macrourus berglax from the East Greenland Sea was studied for the presence of ascaridoid nematodes in 2001, 2002 and 2003. The fishes were collected between 278 and 413 m water depth using a benthopelagic net. Based on the amplification of the internal transcribed spacer ITS-1, 5.8S, ITS-2 and flanking sequences (=ITS+), three ascaridoid nematode species were identified. The prevalence of infestation during the 3 years ranged from 42.9% to 62.9% and 22.9% to 40.0% for the anisakids Anisakis simplex (s.s.) and Pseudoterranova decipiens (s.s.), respectively, and from 28.6% to 60.0% for the raphidascarid Hysterothylacium aduncum. A total of 18 specimens, two of each species and examination year, revealed no sibling species, suggesting a limited distribution of other ascaridoid siblings into the deep sea. The ITS-1, 5.8S and ITS-2 sequences of A. simplex (s.s.) from the East Greenland Sea did not differ from previously published sequence data (GenBank) from other regions in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. The sequences of P. decipiens (s.s.) corresponded most closely to those of specimens from Richardson Bay, western Pacific, and differed in four positions (0.5%). They corresponded least to those of specimens from Japan (1.5%). The sequence data for H. aduncum differed in two positions in the ITS-1 (0.2%) and three positions in the ITS-2 (0.3%) from sequences from Japan. A high genetic similarity between the regions can be explained by (a) extensive final host migration in the case of A. simplex (s.s.), (b) an overlapping distribution of final host populations along the continental shelves for P. decipiens (s.s.) and (c) a low host specificity and large population size in the intermediate and final hosts for H. aduncum. The occurrence of the identified species in the macrourid fish underlines the potential of cosmopolitan ascaridoid nematodes to distribute not only horizontally but also vertically in the deep sea. 相似文献
8.
Access to information about past states of the environment and social systems is fundamental to understand, and cope with, the challenges of climate change and over-exploitation of natural resources at the onset of the 21st century. The loss of (old) data is a major threat to understanding better and mitigating long-term effects of human activities and anthropogenic changes to the environment. Although this is intuitively evident for old and local literature of any kind, even present-day international publishing of papers without the underlying raw data makes access to basic information a crucial issue. Here, we summarise experience resulting from a EU-funded International Science & Technology Cooperation (INCO) project (CENSOR) addressing Coastal Ecosystem Research and Management in the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) context. We show that indeed “Grey Literature” is still one of the most important sources of knowledge about natural science research and management of natural resource systems in Latin American countries. We argue that public archiving of original data of present-day research and old (Grey) Literature and easy public access are important for appreciating today's global environmental challenges caused by human activities, both past and present. 相似文献
9.
Sven O. Franz Lorenz Schwark Cathrin Brüchmann Burkhard Scharf Ralf Klingel Jon D. Van Alstine Namık Çagatay Umut B. Ülgen 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2006,35(4):715-736
A limnogeological reconnaissance study was carried out on Lake Iznik, located in the southeast of the Marmara region of Turkey,
involving a seismic survey and collection of short sediment cores. This lake is located on the middle branch of the North
Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ), a transform plate boundary between the Eurasian and Anatolian Plates. It is, therefore, tectonically
active and offers an opportunity to investigate the interplay of sedimentary and seismo-tectonic processes, as well as climate
change and human impact in the region. Short cores of the three sub-basins, maximum length of 35.5 cm, recovered non-laminated,
blackish clays and silts with varying amounts of biogenic and minerogenic (allochthonous, autochthonous) material, which documented
almost the last 80 years of deposition and environmental history. High sedimentation rates in the deeper core sections are
accompanied by changes in land use (conversion of woodland to farmland) in the northern areas of Lake Iznik, which caused
the deposition of more weathered material (high K/Na ratios) and higher contents of Mn in the lake. A tendency towards eutrophic
conditions within the last 20 years is indicated by high nutrient content (N, TOC, P), decreasing C/N-ratios, and characteristic
diatom and cladoceran associations. Also increased pollution is revealed by higher Pb, Cu, and Zn contents and increased supply
of human and animal faeces (high coprostanol content) during the last two decades. But simultaneous lower sedimentation rates
towards the core tops complicate the reconstruction of recent and past eutrophication and pollution states of Lake Iznik.
This requires an extension of the pilot study and deeper sediment cores, to recover non-anthropogenic influenced sediment
levels. 相似文献
10.
Summary ?For the LITFASS-98 experiment, from June 1 until June 30, 1998, the spatially resolved insolation at surface could be computed
from NOAA-14 AVHRR data applying the modular analysis scheme SESAT (Strahlungs- und Energiebilanzen aus Satellitendaten). The satellite inferred insolation for this period shows for clear-sky regions a good agreement with surface
based observations with a rms error of 76 Wm−2. For cloudy conditions the insolation is overestimated with respect to ground based observations, with a rms error between
83 and 118 Wm−2, depending on the cloud optical thickness. This overestimation can be explained by the surface heterogeneity, leading to
underestimated cloud optical thickness, and also by a fixed relative humidity below clouds (55%, dry atmosphere) and a fixed
horizontal visibility (50 km, clear atmosphere). A detailed study of comparable scales in space and time, considering the
different observation geometries and sampling intervals, shows that a 30 min ground based observation can be compared with
a 8 × 8 km2 mean by the satellite data.
Received July 12, 2001; revised April 29, 2002; accepted June 7, 2002 相似文献