发展苏北海洋区域经济的思考

海洋是人类社会走可持续发展道路的一个重要领域，开发海洋资源，发展海洋经济，建设“海上苏东”，已成为江苏省一项跨世纪的重大战略举措。江苏苏北沿海之所以为全国沿海经济中的一块“洼地”，笔者认为一个极其重要的根因是海洋区域特色经济区（带）没有确立。苏北沿海经济要迅速“隆起”，审时度势地划分功能区、建设海洋区域特色经济区（带）是发展海洋经济迫在眉捷的一件大事。     

黄河口水下底坡微地貌及其成因探讨

高分辨率的回声测深、旁侧声纳及浅地层剖面记录首次直观地揭示了黄河口水下底坡上发育有大量形态不同的微地貌类型。据其形态特征和规模的差异,将它们划分为平滑海底、凹坑与洼地、冲沟、残留岗丘及扰动复合海底等五种类型。这些微地貌分布在不同水深条件下的不同水下三角洲单元上,并存在着相互联系和相互转化。黄河口海域特殊的沉积环境和复杂的动力条件是导致水下底坡微地貌形成发育的主要机制。     

Study of zooplankton ecology in Zhejiang coastal upwelling system-Species distribution and diversity of zooplankton

The species distribution and diversity of zooplankton and the effects of hydrodynamic factors of Zhejiang coastal waters during the active period of upwelling are discussed.High dominance (low diversity), high biomass and short food chain were found in the landward margins of the central region of the upwelling. There were evident interactions between the distribution of zooplankton and the environmental factors. The expression of these interactions is that different ecotypes of zooplankton adapt to different hydrological situations. There is significant positive correlation between the diversity indices of zooplankton and the mean water temperature in the survey area. It is noted that the vertical distribution of Calanus sinicus indicates to a certain extent the colder water environment of the upwelling (Fig. 7, Table 2, Reference (Hargreaves, 1981).     

东亚温带气旋及其长期预报（二）：预报应用分析

本文以赤道东太平洋海温作为主导因子，分析其与东亚温带气旋的关系。得出：高海温多气旋，低海温少气旋的对应关系较为明显。并进一步对不符合这种主要关系的年份从环流型。下垫面海温等作了分类鉴别分析。     

秦山核电站邻近水域的流况分析

本文分析了秦山核电站邻近水域各测站的实测流、潮流和佘流分布及季节变化。结果表明:测区内潮流为非正规丰日浅海潮流,其运动形式呈往复流。核电站二期工程取水口附近(L_1,18站)为一大流速区,而一期工程出水口周围(L_2,L_2′站)有一相对小的流速区。大流速区落潮流历时大于涨潮流历时,而相对小流速区则相反;大流速区的余流较小,而小流速区的余流大。在四个季节中,涨潮流速秋季最大,春季次之,夏季最小;落潮流速秋季最大,夏季次之,春季最小。余流冬、秋两季较大。在实测流中以潮流为主,径流和季风的作用也相当显著。     

光强和营养盐对伪矮海链藻昼夜节律变化的影响 Ⅰ.细胞分裂、叶绿素α及活体荧光特性

于1989年1月—1989年8月采用连续培养和半连续培养方法进行了伪矮海链藻细胞分裂、叶绿素α含量和活体荧光特性与光、营养盐关系的研究。结果表明,细胞分裂、活体荧光、叶绿素α均呈现光照期的增长速率明显高于黑暗期的增长速率的日变化规律,荧光增强比则在光照期开始后或黑暗期结束时出现最高值;光强和营养盐不仅影响各指标日变化的幅度,而且还可改变荧光增强比峰值出现时间。因此,在研究细胞分裂、叶绿素α和荧光特性的昼夜节律时,必须考虑光和营养盐这两个重要因素。     

环球海洋大气气溶胶化学研究

1986年11月—1987年5月,在中国第三次南极考察和环球科学考察期间,收集了58个海洋气溶胶样品,采用中子活化法分析了Al,V,Mn,I,Br,Mg,Na,Cl等元素。应用因子分析、回归分析和富集因子分析对气溶胶中元素进行分类、定量评估和来源判别,讨论不同来源元素的特征,计算各主要来源的贡献分量。结果表明,海洋气溶胶中Al的99.99％是来自陆源地壳风化物,Na的99.2％。和Cl的99.99％是来自海水,V的91.4％。来自陆源污染物。因此,Al可作为海洋气溶胶中陆源地壳风化物的示踪元素,Na和Cl可作为海水源示踪元素,非地壳源的V则可选择为陆源污染物的示踪元素。     

Multi-decadal synthesis of benthic–pelagic coupling in the western arctic: Role of cross-shelf advective processes

Using geographic information systems (GIS) software and geostatistical techniques, we utilized three decades of water-column chlorophyll a data to examine the relative importance of autochthonous versus allochthonous sources of reduced carbon to benthic communities that occur from the northern Bering to the eastern Beaufort Sea shelf. Spatial trend analyses revealed areas of high benthic biomass (>300 g m⁻²) and chlorophyll (>150 mg m⁻²) on both the southern and northern Chukchi shelf; both areas are known as depositional centers for reduced organic matter that originates on the Bering Sea shelf and is advected northward in Anadyr and Bering shelf water masses. We found a significant correlation between biomass and chlorophyll a in the Chukchi Sea, reflective of the strong benthic–pelagic coupling in a system that is utilized heavily by benthic-feeding marine mammals. In contrast, there was no significant correlation between biomass and chlorophyll in the Beaufort Sea, which by comparison, is considerably less productive (biomass and chlorophyll, <75 g m⁻² and <50 mg m⁻², respectively). One notable exception is an area of relatively high biomass (50–100 g m⁻²) and chlorophyll (80 mg m⁻²) near Barter Island in the eastern Beaufort Sea. Compared to other adjacent areas in the Beaufort Sea, the chlorophyll values in the vicinity of Barter Island were considerably higher and likely reflect a long-hypothesized upwelling in that area and close coupling between the benthos and autochthonous production. In the Bering Sea, a drop in benthic biomass in 1994 compared with previous measurements (1974–1993) may support earlier observations that document a decline in biomass that began between the 1980s and 1990s in the Chirikov Basin and south of St. Lawrence Island. The results of this study indicate that the benthos is an excellent long-term indicator of both local and physical advective processes. In addition, this work provides further evidence that secondary production on arctic shelves can be significantly augmented by reduced carbon advected from highly productive adjacent shelves.     

河口环流和盐水入侵Ⅱ--径流量和海平面上升的影响

本文利用本序列上篇论文建立的理想河口数值模式,研究径流量和海平面上升对河口环流和盐水入侵的影响.在径流量增大的情况下,口门内表层向海的流速增大,底层向陆的密度流减弱,滞流点下移.口门外侧向口门的密度流增大,上升流趋于增强.口门内盐水入侵减弱,口外盐度减小、冲淡水扩展范围增大.在口门上游北岸底层盐度下降明显,口门处南岸表层盐度下降明显.径流量变化对盐水入侵影响十分巨大.在海平面上升的情况下,拦门沙区域向陆的密度流增强,滞流点上移,表层向海的流动增大.口门内盐水入侵增强,口外盐度增大,冲淡水扩展范围减小.海平面上升对盐水入侵影响十分明显,北岸底层盐度增大尤为特出.     

钛(Ⅳ)催化极谱的研究——应用于天然水中痕量钛的测定

(一)仪器 SJP-1A型示波极谱仪(浙江丽水无线电厂),阳极为饱和甘汞电极.毛细管特性:在蒸馏水中m=0.63毫克/秒,t=7.3秒,汞柱高度52厘米.(二)试剂 全部试剂均采用二级试剂,溶液均用重蒸馏水配制.