动态指标层析法介绍

参数值是影响模拟结果正确可信的重要因素。介绍了一、二维模拟中参数值确定的动态指标层析法，以及作为其发展基础的由多种热指标确定古充的反演方法，简述了动态指标和热指标相结合的确定参数值层析方法。     

南极罗斯海氧化还原敏感元素沉积地球化学特征及其古海洋意义

大洋深部氧化还原环境与深部水体流通状况以及表层水体生产力密切相关。表层生产力与深部流通性变化影响着有机碳-呼吸CO2的转化及其在海洋-大气中的转移,最终与大气CO2分压(pCO2)变化密切相关。故探明大洋深部氧化还原环境的变化对于解决大气pCO2冰期旋回机制具有重要意义。本次研究以中国第31和32次南极科考获得的南极罗斯海柱状岩心ANT31-R23及表层样为研究材料。通过元素钙、钛,以及氧化还原敏感元素(RSE)锰、钼、镍、钴、镉的测试分析,以表层样中RSE与Ti的比值作为判断ANT31-R23孔中相应RSE富集程度的背景值。结果显示,Mn在沉积期均表现出富集,表明罗斯海深部在该孔沉积期为氧化环境。根据Mn在不同层位出现的富集峰识别出4次强氧化脉冲事件,可能由南大洋底层水流通性增强和/或生产力降低导致。4次氧化脉冲事件层位中Mo、Ni、Co的明显富集,是由于锰(氢)氧化物对其捕获或吸附所致。此外,推测分析认为罗斯海对冰期大气pCO2降低似乎没有明显贡献,但很可能对冰消期大气pCO2迅速升高起重要作用。然而这些有关南极罗斯海深部氧化还原环境与大气pCO2变化之间关联的推测,有待后续该孔精确年代模式的构建,方可进一步验证。     

Assessment of effectiveness of nature reserves on the Tibetan Plateau based on net primary production and the large sample comparison method

Twenty-one typical coupled large samples were chosen from areas within and surrounding nature reserves on the Tibetan Plateau using the large sample comparison method (LSCM). To evaluate the effectiveness of the nature reserves in protecting the ecological environment, the alpine grassland net primary production (NPP) of these coupled samples were compared and the differences between them before and after their establishment as protected areas were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) With respect to the alpine grassland NPP, the ecological and environmental conditions of most nature reserves were more fragile than those of the surrounding areas and also lower than the average values for the Tibetan Plateau. (2) Of the 11 typical nature reserves selected, the positive trend in the NPP for Manzetang was the most significant, whereas there was no obvious trend in Taxkorgan. With the exception of Selincuo, the annual NPP growth rate in the nature reserves covered by alpine meadow and wetland was higher than that in nature reserves consisting of alpine steppe and alpine desert. (3) There were notable findings in 21 typical coupled samples: (a) After the establishment of the nature reserves, the annual rate of increase in the NPP in 76% of samples inside nature reserves and 82% of samples inside national nature reserves was higher than that of the corresponding samples outside nature reserves. (b) The effectiveness of ecological protection of the Mid-Kunlun, Changshagongma, Zoige and Selincuo (Selin Co) nature reserves was significant; the effectiveness of protection was relatively significant in most parts of the Sanjiangyuan and Qiangtang nature reserves, whereas in south-east Manzetang and north Taxkorgan the protection effectiveness was not obvious. (c) The ecological protection effectiveness was significant in nature reserves consisting of alpine meadow, but was weak in nature reserves covered by alpine steppe. This study also shows that the advantage of large sample comparison method in evaluating regional ecology change. Careful design of the samples used, to ensure comparability between the samples, is crucial to the success of this LSCM.     

高层钢框架-支撑结构二阶非线性随机地震响应分析

针对常用的高层钢框架－支撑结构，考虑材料非线性和几何非线性，建立了框架部分、支撑部分的二阶动力分析模型。用等效线性方法对结构进行非线性随机地震响应分析，结合工程算例，论述不同场地土、不同层数、不同支撑情况下，二阶效应对结构地震响应统计量的影响。     

江汉盆地潜江凹陷王场地区古近系潜江组沉积微相及其演变

潜江凹陷是一个中新生代断陷型盐湖盆地。其中蕴藏着丰富的石油、天然气和盐。在始新世晚期-渐新世早期潜江组沉积期,湖盆的构造活动和沉积充填作用极为活跃,形成了厚达4500 m的含盐岩系。通过对凹陷西北部王场地区王平1井、王云10-6井和王80-2井取心段共约151 m岩心的精细研究,在潜江组古盐湖韵律性含盐岩系中识别出17个典型的微相类型,并按成因与形成环境和岩类归纳为7个微相系列,对每个微相的特征与形成环境进行了分析。在潜江组淡化段中,沉积微相的纵向演变过程或组合类型复杂多变,总体上由潜四段至潜二段组成,湖盆的蒸发强度越来越大,水深越来越浅。最后,对潜江盐湖的形成条件和沉积环境演化进行了扼要分析。     

Epithermal deposits in North Xinjiang, NW China

The North Xinjiang region (NW China) is an important part of the Central Asia Orogenic Belt, situated at the junction of Siberia, Tarim and Kazakhstan plates. It is an area characterized by multiple stages of Phanerozoic continental growth, during which several porphyry and epithermal systems were formed. The relationship of these mineral systems to the geodynamic evolution of the region has not yet been well understood. In this paper, we list the main geological characteristics of 21 significant epithermal precious and base metal deposits in North Xinjiang, and classify them into high-sulfidation and low-sulfidation styles, with the latter being predominant. We have selected seven epithermal deposits representing different styles formed under different tectonic regimes and discuss their geology and geochemistry in some detail. The deposit-scale geology and geochemistry of epithermal systems in North Xinjiang are essentially similar to those in other parts of the world. All epithermal deposits in North Xinjiang are hosted in volcanic rocks with ages ranging from Devonian to Triassic, with the Early Carboniferous volcanic sequences being the most important, followed by the Permian and Triassic. The Devonian–Early Carboniferous host rocks belong to the calc-alkaline series that developed in pre-collisional arc-back-arc basin systems; whereas the Permian–Triassic host volcanic rocks of shoshonite series formed in post-subduction regimes. Available isotopic ages of these epithermal systems cluster in two periods: Early Carboniferous (>320?Ma) and Late Carboniferous–Triassic (320–220?Ma), reflecting two metallogenic episodes that occurred during subduction-related accretion and post-subduction collision regimes, respectively. Accordingly, three groups of epithermal deposits in North Xinjiang can be recognized as (1) pre-collisional deposits without or with negligible collisional-related modification, (2) deposits formed in collision regime and (3) ore systems strongly overprinted by fluid flow in post-subduction collision regime.     

基于动态聚类法的安顺降雪环流分型研究

该文以500 hPa环流作为关键影响因子,采用K-means动态聚类分型,将近10 a安顺降雪划分为平直气流型（Ⅰ）、南支槽型（Ⅱ）、多波动型（Ⅲ）3种主要形势。个例分析和合成分析表明:3种形势下降雪过程中相态变化、区域、持续时间等特点有所不同。合成分析还表明：3种形势在500 hPa环流上有明显的区别,Ⅰ型在高原东侧到贵州的气流基本平直,Ⅱ型从高原东侧到贵州有1个明显的南支槽,Ⅲ型在高原东侧到贵州有多个波动槽影响,在高原北侧沿河套地区和孟湾以东均有槽影响,形成阶梯槽。此外滇黔准静止锋的强度、影响区域、物理量以及垂直方向湿度配置、逆温等方面均有所区别：Ⅰ型湿层和上升区浅薄,有1℃左右逆温;Ⅱ型湿层较薄,Ⅱ型在贵州中部有3℃逆温范围较窄;Ⅲ型中低层有宽广的湿层,水汽和抬升条件配合较好,几乎没有逆温。     

鼎湖山自然保护区大气气溶胶中的PAHs

多环芳烃（PAHs)是环境中分布广泛、危害人类健康的有机化合物，通过对鼎湖山自然保护区自然地理和大气气溶胶中苯并（a)芘分析认为，春季样品中大气气溶胶中PAHs主要来源于高等植物排放，夏季来源于珠江三角洲经济区化石燃烧排放。     

Approaches and countermeasures of the transfer of rural surplus labors in China

IntroductionThe trallSfer of ~l sUrplus labor is a great and occult socio-economic project ti'ans-centUry in Chin4which is closely related to the development of agricultUre and the whole national economy. To someextent it decides the ~nnation from the System of tWo layers to modendsahon in economy and thedevelopment from laggard agriculed counny tO rising industrialized one as well as makes the edeconomy go up to the new Stage so as to achieve the compalatively well-off goal. ESPecially on…     

青海牧区近10年牧草产量变化与气象条件的关系

利用DPS统计中的相关、回归等方法分析近10年青海高原牧区5站点牧草产量变化与气象因子的关系,并建立了牧草产量的气象条件多元回归拟合模型。结果表明：近10年来牧草产量的年最高值河南、甘德总体呈下降趋势,曲麻莱、海北、兴海总体呈上升趋势;5站点牧草产量5月变幅最大为兴海,变幅最小的为海北,6—8月变幅最大的是曲麻莱,变幅最小的是海北;5站点8月牧草产量形成期总体上日照充足,降水除河南阶段性较充沛外,其余受限制,温度除河南在牧草生长季内当光温出现匹配不当时呈负相关外,其余均受限制;气象因子与5站点年最高牧草产量的拟合模式拟合效果较好,均可通过0.01检验。