Variation of Floods Characteristics and Their Responses to Climate and Human Activities in Poyang Lake,China

The Poyang Lake is one of the most frequently flooded areas in China. Understanding the changing characteristics of floods as well as the affecting factors is an important prerequisite of flood disaster prevention and mitigation. The present study identified the characteristics variations of historical floods in the Poyang Lake and their tendencies based on the Mann-Kendall(M-K) test, and also investigated the related affecting factors, both from climate and human activities. The results revealed that the highest flood stages, duration as well as hazard coefficient of floods showed a long-term increasing linear trend during the last 60 years with the M-K statistic of 1.49, 1.60 and 1.50, respectively. And, a slightly increasing linear trend in the timing of the highest stages indicated the floods occurred later and later during the last six decades. The rainfall during the flood season and subsequent discharges of the Changjiang(Yangtze) River and runoff from the Poyang Lake Basin were mainly responsible for the severe flood situation in the Poyang Lake in the 1990 s. In addition, the intensive human activities, including land reclamation and levee construction, also played a supplementary role in increasing severity of major floods. While, the fewer floods in the Poyang Lake after 2000 can be attributed to not only the less rainfall over the Poyang Lake Basin and low discharges of the Changjiang River during flood periods, but also the stronger influences of human activity which increased the floodwater storage of the Poyang Lake than before.     

A possible explanation for the electron/positron excess of ATIC/PAMELA

Results from PAMELA and ATIC indicate that the Kaluza-Klein type dark matter particles could be the annihilation source of the observed excess of electrons and positrons.Assuming the existence of a nearby black hole with 10000–100000 solar masses and a point source boost algorithm,we apply the standard propagation model and find that the results fit the data well.     

3维地理信息系统技术综述

文中对3维地理信息系统技术进行综述性介绍,扼要地讨论了国内外有关3维地球空间信息的获取、管理、分析与可视化等技术的进展与动态,并分别探讨了它们的优势和局限。     

野生二粒小麦 Triticum dicoccoides抗杀锈病基因 YrH52分子定位的初步研究(英文)

主要对以色列野生二粒小麦赫尔蒙种群中分离获得的一个抗条锈病基因进行了分子定位研究 ,将源于赫尔蒙山具抗杀锈病的种系 T.dicoccides H52与普通的栽培种 Langdon进行杂交并创建了 F2 代遗传图。研究发现 H52种系抗条锈病的能力由一种显性基因控制 ,将其暂定名为 Yr H52。从 1 2 0个微卫星标记中 ,已经检测到来自亲本 91 %的多态性 ,而且从其中 56个微卫星分子标记中产生了 79个分离的位点 ,有 9个位点显示出了与 Yr H 52基因连锁 ,其重组率 0 .0 2～ 0 .3 5,遗传距离 2 .0 0～ 4 3 .3 7cm之间 ,L OD值 3 .56～ 54.2 2。由 1 0个微卫星位点和 Yr H52构建的染色体 1 B遗传图 ,其图距全长为 1 0 1 .5cm。Yr H52基因位于 Xgwm2 64 a和 Xgwm2 64 c之间 ,且与 Xgwm2 64 a、Xgwm1 8紧密连锁 ,两侧依次分别与 Xgwm1 3 1 a、Xgwm63 6b、Xgwm2 64 c、Xgwm4 0 3 a、Xgwm1 53、Xgwm550 a和 Xgwm1 2 4连锁。同时 ,Yr H52也与 REL P标记物 N or1紧密连锁 ,图距 1 .4 cm,L OD2 9.62。这显然与野生二粒小麦另一个抗条锈病基因 Yr1 5不同 ,研究证明 Yr1 5与 N or1图距是 1 1 .0 cm。     

Can Eddy Forcing be Responsible for the Spatial Structure of the Northern Hemisphere Annular Mode?

In order to study the origin of the spatial structure of the Northern Hemisphere Annular Mode (NAM),a linear stochastic model is constructed empirically from the output of a GCM run.Optimal stochastic forcing in terms of the maximum variance contribution,which may be potentially related to the maintenance of the NAM,is investigated.Theoretical analysis on the dominant non-modal response to the stochastic forcing shows that this dominance is jointly decided by the properties of forcing and the non-modal grow...     

Study on Flow Field Around Vertical Breakwater Under Different Overtopping Conditions Based on Numerical Simulation

A numerical wave flume is constructed based on the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with turbulence closure by a modified k-ε model to study the viscous interactions of waves with vertical breakwaters for different overtopping cases. The governing equations,the turbulence model,boundary conditions,and solution method for the numerical wave flume are introduced briefly. The reliability of the numerical wave flume is examined by comparing the numerical results with the experimental measurement...     

The Mathematic Models of the Kalman Filtering for Across-Fault Measurement

This paper makes a probe into the application of the Kalman filtering method to the data processing of across-fault measurements.On the basis of statistical regression,the mathematic and stochastic models of filtration are established by combining the regression method with Kalman filtering.In the filtering computation,not only the randomness of fault movements but also the time-dependent variation of environmental effects have been taken into consideration.By use of the adaptive filtering method,an estimation of the dynamic noise variance matrix is obtained through iteration.Models for one measuring line(leveling line or baseline),two measuring lines(both leveling lines or both baselines)and four measuring lines(two leveling lines and two baselines)are derived and established systematically.By means of these models,the data of across-fault measurements can be processed dynamically in real-time to provide the filtered values of height difference between benchmarks or baseline length at different time in     

Relocation of Hypocenters in the Bohai Sea and Adjacent Areas

In this paper a method of relocating hypocenter in inhomogeneous medium is introduced.Based on the velocity from the latest results on the crust and mantle structure of the Bohai Sea and its adjacent areas,by using the data recorded in Shandong,Hebei,Beijing,and Liaoning networks around the Bohai Sea we apply the method to relocate hypocenter parameters of 598 events occurring in the Bohai Sea and its adjacent areas.The accuracy of hypocenter relocation is discussed.We present the results of events ML≥4.0 in the Bohai Sea in recent years and discussed the distribution of focal depths.     

CCD相机二维几何检校

CCD 相机检校是 CCD输入影象处理的一个必不可少的过程。本文对 CCD成象系统的几何性能进行了分析,提出了测定 CCD影象象素比例因子和象主点初值的简易实验方法。在此基础上,构造了一种同时顾及光、电误差的二维检校方法,井进行了相机检校实验。最后对检校结果进行了分析和讨论。     

一种测求水井含水层导水系数的新方法

本文给出了一种测求水井含水层导水系数的新方法。利用Cooper理论和振动理论,通过简单的试验,可以测求出水井含水层的导水系数。用这种方法计算出珍珠泉井含水层的导水系数为2439m~2/d,用抽水试验法测得该系数为2618m~2/d,两者符合得较好。