基于滚球法的面要素聚合

在自动制图综合中,面要素聚合较为常用的方法是利用聚类方法将面要素聚类为若干个类簇,进而将每个类簇合并为更大的多边形图斑。针对地图制图领域的前沿研究课题——地图自动综合,该文提出了一种基于滚球法的面状要素聚合的新方法,通过实验阐述了该方法在居民地等面要素综合中的应用,并与传统的聚合算法进行了效率上的对比分析。该方法较传统的聚合方法效率上有很大提高,在大数据量聚合中有一定的应用前景,当选择合适的滚球半径进行综合时,有较理想的结果。     

A two-step ionospheric modeling algorithm considering the impact of GLONASS pseudo-range inter-channel biases

The Global Navigation Satellite System presents a plausible and cost-effective way of computing the total electron content (TEC). But TEC estimated value could be seriously affected by the differential code biases (DCB) of frequency-dependent satellites and receivers. Unlike GPS and other satellite systems, GLONASS adopts a frequency-division multiplexing access mode to distinguish different satellites. This strategy leads to different wavelengths and inter-frequency biases (IFBs) for both pseudo-range and carrier phase observations, whose impacts are rarely considered in ionospheric modeling. We obtained observations from four groups of co-stations to analyze the characteristics of the GLONASS receiver P1P2 pseudo-range IFB with a double-difference method. The results showed that the GLONASS P1P2 pseudo-range IFB remained stable for a period of time and could catch up to several meters, which cannot be absorbed by the receiver DCB during ionospheric modeling. Given the characteristics of the GLONASS P1P2 pseudo-range IFB, we proposed a two-step ionosphere modeling method with the priori IFB information. The experimental analysis showed that the new algorithm can effectively eliminate the adverse effects on ionospheric model and hardware delay parameters estimation in different space environments. During high solar activity period, compared to the traditional GPS + GLONASS modeling algorithm, the absolute average deviation of TEC decreased from 2.17 to 2.07 TECu (TEC unit); simultaneously, the average RMS of GPS satellite DCB decreased from 0.225 to 0.219 ns, and the average deviation of GLONASS satellite DCB decreased from 0.253 to 0.113 ns with a great improvement in over 55%.     

地勘基金成果管理系统的设计与开发

本文在分析国内地质资料信息化服务现状的基础上,以地勘基金成果数据为管理对象,搭建了地勘基金成果管理系统,并以贵州省地勘基金成果数据为例,实现了该地区地勘基金项目、整装勘查项目地质数据的有效管理与查询,为地质资料的管理与应用提供了科学的决策支持.     

基于MAPGIS的矿权储量综合管理信息系统建设

本文基于MAPGIS空间数据存储技术、MAPGIS二次开发技术和资源管理技术为关键技术,建立了全国矿权储量图形数据库,综合分析矿权设置的区域特点,采矿权、探矿权区块内的储量信息.利用图形数据一体化技术建立矿权储量综合管理信息系统,加强油气地质与开发方面的信息服务,有力支撑油气资源管理工作.     

GLONASS phase bias estimation and its PPP ambiguity resolution using homogeneous receivers

Integer ambiguity resolution (IAR) appreciably improves the position accuracy and shortens the convergence time of precise point positioning (PPP). However, while many studies are limited to GPS, there is a need to investigate the performance of GLONASS PPP ambiguity resolution. Unfortunately, because of the frequency-division multiple-access strategy of GLONASS, GLONASS PPP IAR faces two obstacles. First, simultaneously observed satellites operate at different wavelengths. Second and most importantly, distinct inter-frequency bias (IFB) exists between different satellites. For the former, we adopt an undifferenced method for uncalibrated phase delay (UPD) estimation and proposed an undifferenced PPP IAR strategy. We select a set of homogeneous receivers with identical receiver IFB to perform UPD estimation and PPP IAR. The code and carrier phase IFBs can be absorbed by satellite wide-lane and narrow-lane UPDs, respectively, which is in turn consistent with PPP IAR using the same type of receivers. In order to verify the method, we used 50 stations to generate satellite UPDs and another 12 stations selected as users to perform PPP IAR. We found that the GLONASS satellite UPDs are stable in time and space and can be estimated with high accuracy and reliability. After applying UPD correction, 91 % of wide-lane ambiguities and 99 % of narrow-lane ambiguities are within (?0.15, +0.15) cycles of the nearest integer. After ambiguity resolution, the 2-hour static PPP accuracy improves from (0.66, 1.42, 1.55) cm to (0.38, 0.39, 1.39) cm for the north, east, and up components, respectively.     

CBERS-02B星HR与多光谱影像融合及评价

CBERS-02B星搭载了高分辨率全色相机HR和多光谱传感器CCD,HR影像可以与CCD影像融合,优势互补形成新的影像,既保持HR的高空间分辨率又保持CCD的光谱分辨率,HR影像同样可以与其它传感器影像融合形成新的影像。本文使用6种不同的融合方法融合HR与多光谱CCD以及SPOT5多光谱影像,并对融合结果进行了定性和定量评价,得到了HR与SPOT5多光谱影像融合较好的方法,表明了HR与其它传感器影像融合的潜力,同时也对HR和SPOT5多光谱融合影像及与CCD融合影像进行了初步的对比分析。     

导航卫星的单星定轨

本文对导航卫星的单星定轨进行了初步探讨，针对单星定轨时卫星钟钟差和接收机钟钟差难以处理的特点，提出了定轨的同时解算测站距离偏差和采用平均距离变化率进行定轨两种方案，采用GPS的实测数据试验计算表明，两种计算方案均能初步完成单星定轨任务。     

平面约束条件在LIDAR点云滤波中的应用

介绍了一种利用平面约束条件对LIDAR点云数据进行滤波的方法,利用每个数据点的邻域点拟合平面,根据平面约束条件和平面点分类方法得到地面点,最后利用地面点内插该区域的DTM.     

一种地形变化检测与DEM更新的方法研究

提出了一种使用旧时期的DEM和最新的航摄资料检测地形变化,同时更新DEM的方法。利用陕西省两个地区的数据对该方法进行了验证,结果表明变化检测和数据更新的精度比较理想。与现有的生产流程相比,该方法在效率方面有明显的优势,对原始数据的要求较低,最终的产品更加丰富,方法也更加稳健和自动化。     

3S集成技术在城镇土地利用变更调查中的应用研究

城镇地区由于建筑物密集、土地利用类型变化快、土地利用现状图比例尺较大等特点,土地利用变更调查主要依靠专业部门利用全站仪完成,但全站仪需要通视的特点限制了其工作效率。而采用3S集成技术进行城镇地区土地利用变更调查的技术方法,则可以相应提高工作效率。基于3S集成技术城镇地区土地利用变更调查的应用模式为:通过GPS接收机与笔记本电脑(已配置GIS软件系统)通讯,实现GPS与GIS的集成,并调用RS影像作为底图,既可实现实时的数据采集、存储和编辑。对于城镇地区部分GPS信号弱的地区,采用测边交会的方法则可以完成这些点的数据采集,克服了GPS使用盲区的限制。