地震应急信息产品分类编码研究

本文根据地震应急信息产品管理、更新以及共享的需要,针对地震应急信息产品的属性、服务、时间、传递等特性,在借鉴地震应急基础理论研究以及相关行业分类标准基础上,研究了地震应急信息产品的分类方法,设计了分类编码结构,其成果可提高各地震应急专业技术系统之间的兼容性,提升应急信息产品的使用效率。     

柴达木盆地马海盐湖储卤层渗透特征及卤水富集机制

通过野外抽水试验方法,确定了柴达木盆地马海盐湖储卤层渗透系数,并结合地下卤水赋存特征与沉积环境对其渗透性能进行分析。结果表明：本地区石盐层大多不纯,石盐晶体内包裹有泥、砂,且晶体间也有泥、砂充填。在石盐沉积期间,由于受到洪水与间歇性河流影响,导致地质环境演化过程中沉积形成的储卤层渗透性能在各处相差较大,区域地下卤水的连通性相对较弱。根据试验开采区27口开采井钻孔资料和地下卤水监测数据,进行了储卤层差异性分类,将钻孔所揭露储卤层划分为3种类型,不同类型储卤层卤水富集性能具有较大差异,表现为渗透系数和单井涌水量在平面分布上的较大数值差距。通过对钻孔岩心岩性、孔隙特征及补给条件等方面进行分析,得出卤水富集性能强的基本条件：储卤层具备天然良好的颗粒骨架和稳定的卤水补给来源与通道。依据储卤层渗透性能和卤水富集规律,将马海盐湖试验开采区划分出不同地下卤水富集区段。     

Analgesis and wound healing effect of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan on scalded rats

Analgesis and wound healing effect of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan on scalded rats were investigated. A II degree scald model was established in rats, which was subsequently treated with chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan solution, respectively. The concentration of bradykinin and 5-hydroxytryptophan was detected by assaying enzyme-linked immunosorbent. Healing condition was observed and pathological sections were made to determine the healing effect of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan. Results showed that the concentration of bradykinin and 5-hydroxytryptophan peaked at the third hour post-wound in all groups, while the concentration of hydroxyproline peaked at the seventh day post-wound in both chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan group. The concentration of bradykinin and 5-hydroxytryptophan of carboxymethyl chitosan group was significantly lower than that of control (P < 0.05), while that of chitosan group was similar to that of control (P > 0.05). These findings indicated that carboxymethyl chitosan reduced the concentration of algogenic substances, resulting in analgesia. During the whole recovery process, the hydroxyproline concentration in chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan group on day 3 and 7 was significantly higher than that of control (P < 0.01); however the significance of such a highness decreased on day 14 (P < 0.05). These findings indicated that chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan accelerated tissue repair. Meanwhile, chitosan performed better in healing than carboxymethyl chitosan in both decrustation and healing time. In conclusion, carboxymethyl chitosan showed significant analgesis and wound-healing promotion effect, but chitosan only showed wound-healing promotion effect.     

钻井液水活度对页岩井壁稳定性影响的实验研究——以秀山龙马溪组页岩为例

通过压力传递实验,对秀山龙马溪组页岩进行了不同浓度和不同类型盐溶液影响下的渗流试验,确定不同水活度盐溶液对页岩渗流规律和井壁稳定影响机理。结果表明：（1）在相同浓度的盐溶液中,阻缓秀山龙马溪组页岩孔隙压力传递能力最强的盐类为HCOONa。（2）对于相同类型的盐溶液,最高的浓度并不总能具有最好阻缓能力。阻缓秀山龙马溪组页岩孔隙压力传递效果较好的前5种盐溶液是20% HCOONa、5% HCOONa、20% KCl、20% HCOOK和5% NaCl。（3）相对于人工压制页岩,在粘土矿物含量（20%）一致时,盐溶液贯穿龙马溪组页岩孔隙时间平均长90.11%,平均渗透率低99.14%。（4）在粘土矿物成分一致时,盐溶液在人工页岩中的渗流规律与龙马溪组页岩的一致性较好,但对于实际渗透率和渗流时间、表征系数与真实页岩相差大于90%。（5）针对龙马溪组页岩,提出了基于水活度的单位距离渗流时间模型,以及不同盐溶液的水活度-渗透率规律。研究成果可为适用于龙马溪组页岩钻进的水基钻井液体系遴选提供较好的理论和技术基础。     

Correction to: Experimental investigation of internal tides generated by finite-height topography

Ocean Dynamics - The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes. An incorrect name was used in the funding information and two references were missed, Munk and Wunsch 1998...     

《更路簿》与潭门地方性的建构与再现

新文化地理学提倡关注文本中的地理。运用内容分析与文本分析相结合的方法对《更路簿》与潭门地方性的建构和再现进行案例分析,探究文本与地方性之间的关系和作用。研究发现：① 内容记载是文本与地方性作用的首要维度,独特地方性内容的再现是地方性挖掘的必要前提;② 价值表征是文本参与地方性构建的象征基础,文本的价值基于且超越于文本的内容,与其所处的社会环境密切相关;③ 象征解译是文本参与地方性构建的重要方式,文本的意义价值体系不仅内含创作者或创作群体的语气,还包括“他者”群体对于文本价值的认知和阐释;④ 文本与地方性建构和再现之间的作用是相互的,地方文化符号和品牌的形成反之可促进对文本的保护。     

晚第四纪下切河谷体系研究综述

下切河谷的研究不仅可以正确划分地层、确立年代地层格架、判定沉积环境演变、探讨海平面变化规律,对碳氢化合物勘探开发、地质工程等重大国民经济建设也有重要意义.本文介绍了下切河谷体系概念、特征、划分类型、研究历程和科学意义,着重论述了晚第四纪下切河谷的形成演化、层序地层格架和控制因素.晚第四纪下切河谷体系主要是海平面下降、河...     

试论地质资料档案的保密与开发利用

地质资料作为一种特殊商品,具有公益性和商业性两重属性。地质资料具有其商品属性,在市场经济条件下,价值意义重大。在分析了几种主要的泄密形式后,提出了地质资料档案的保密原则及措施。但是地质档案资料的价值在于开发利用,新形势下进一步加强地质档案资料的科学管理,维护档案资料所有者的合法权益,有效开发利用馆藏地质资料,实现其应有的价值,为国民经济发展服务,是地质资料档案管理工作者的光荣和艰巨的使命。     

柴达木盆地盐湖卤水层给水度分布变化特征

选择柴达木盆地马海盐湖作为研究对象,在研究区布置给水度采样点11处,采样深度1.61~148.5 m,采集给水度样品75件。结合研究区以往37处采样点的72个测试数据,共计取得48处采样点145个测试数据。根据给水度实测数据,采用数理统计方法分析了柴达木盆地马海盐湖卤水层给水度分布变化。其主要特征表现为：① 给水度在水平方向上表现出较大的差异性,卤水层W_Ⅰ至W_Ⅴ的给水度分别介于0~0.263 5、0.009 4~0.209 9、0~0.277 8、0.006 2~0.135 9、0~0.107 7。在采样点MHK-022~MHK-026处,各卤水层给水度值较小,均小于0.06。在盐湖东北部,各卤水层给水度值较大,均大于0.08。② 给水度在垂直方向上受地层静压力的影响随着深度的增加而减小,上部卤水层W_Ⅰ的给水度均值为0.105,下部卤水层W_Ⅴ的给水度均值已降至0.038 7,不足卤水层W_Ⅰ给水度均值的40%。③ 给水度在垂直方向上还表现出旋回性的变化特征,这种沉积旋回的出现可能是对成盐期间气候波动的反映。     

Estimation of the Reflection of Internal Tides on a Slope

Reflection occurs when internal tides impact on a steep continental slope. Separating reflected internal tide signals from incident ones is crucial to develop the parameterization of internal tide-driven turbulent mixing on the continental slopes. In this study, the performances of three different methods for estimating internal tide reflections are examined by using two different cases. The Hilbert transform-based method is found to be more suitable than two other methods for both cases considered in this study. The two other methods are effective for westward-propagating mode-1 internal tides impacting a slope, but inappropriate in the case where internal tides radiate from a Gaussian ridge impact the slope because of their inaccurate estimation of incident internal tides in the latter case. Such inaccurate estimation further influences the extraction of reflected signals and calculation of the reflected and cross term of energy fluxes. In addition, it should be noted that, due to the use of filtering, the method based on Hilbert transform may result in slight bias when assessing the incident and reflected signals near topographic features.