吉林省新华龙钼矿床流体包裹体

新华龙钼矿床位于中国东北地区吉林省东部,是一个新发现的斑岩型钼矿床。矿床产于花岗闪长斑岩中。矿床成矿阶段包括石英-浸染状辉钼矿、石英-网脉状辉钼矿、石英-黄铁矿-黄铜矿、石英-多金属硫化物和石英-碳酸盐化5个阶段。流体包裹体实验结果表明：流体包裹体的类型主要为气液两相包裹体,其次为纯气相和纯液相包裹体,还有少量含子矿物的多相包裹体。流体包裹体的均一温度为172～385 ℃,盐度(w(NaCl))为8.51%～45.44%。从早阶段到晚阶段成矿流体温度具有规律的演化,均一温度分别为360～390 ℃、270～350 ℃、250～260 ℃、220～230 ℃、170～190 ℃。其中:含子矿物多相包裹体均一温度为272～385 ℃,盐度为35.79％～45.44％,密度为1.07～1.08 g/cm³;气液两相包裹体均一温度为172～381 ℃,盐度为8.51％～23.36％,密度为0.70～0.99 g/cm³。激光拉曼光谱分析表明,包裹体的气体成分主要为CO₂、H₂O、N₂和CH₄。包裹体岩相学及测温表明,流体由早期的高温、高盐度、含二氧化碳的含矿流体在主成矿阶段发生流体包裹体的沸腾、CO₂逸出、温度降低等过程,导致大量金属硫化物沉淀。结合氢氧同位素特征,初步确定该矿床的成矿流体主要以岩浆水为主,后期有大气水的加入。流体沸腾是新华龙钼矿床成矿的重要机制。     

基于WRF和统计方法的气温空间尺度分析

WRF模式作为一个中尺度气候模式,其分辨率从几米到几千公里,其自身的双向嵌套特征也为进行动力尺度下推提供了有力条件。本文利用WRF模式和传统的统计方法对研究区的气温进行尺度下推。首先,通过动力下推得到不同分辨率下的气温空间分布,并选取15个气象站点进行点对点验证,为了更明显观察不同尺度间的差异,对不同尺度的输出与ANUSPLIN插值结果进行比对,结果显示动力尺度下推中,分辨率越高模拟效果越好。其次,我们采用传统的统计下推方法,从27km下推到3km分辨率,并与WRF和ANUSPLIN插值在该尺度的结果进行对比分析,结果显示统计下推结果的趋势与动力下推的插值结果是一致的,但具有明显的马赛克效果,通过分析认为,这与统计方法的尺度下推只考虑高程信息的变化对气温的影响,而未考虑其他因素有关,如若在下推时加入更多的变量,如对温度有较大影响的坡度、坡向、土地覆被类型等因素,综合分析不同尺度之间的关系,会使下推结果有所改善。     

Energy dissipation through wind-generated breaking waves

Wave breaking is an important process that controls turbulence properties and fluxes of heat and mass in the upper oceanic layer.A model is described for energy dissipation per unit area at the ocean surface attributed to wind-generated breaking waves,in terms of ratio of energy dissipation to energy input,windgenerated wave spectrum,and wave growth rate.Also advanced is a vertical distribution model of turbulent kinetic energy,based on an exponential distribution method.The result shows that energy dissipation rate depends heavily on wind speed and sea state.Our results agree well with predictions of previous works.     

Lignin in marine environment and its analysis—A review

Lignin is a group of phenolic polymers which is abundant in the woody tissues of vascular plants,and is essentially absent from all other living organisms.It has therefore been accepted as a tracer for terrestrial organic carbon(TOC) in marine environment since the 1970s.Lignin polymers are not amenable to direct chemical analysis without prior isolation.This review focused on the methods of chemical decomposition,extraction,derivatization and detection of lignin in marine environment.We described and compared several chemical decomposition methods,including nitrobenzene oxidation,alkaline cupric oxide(CuO) oxidation and thermochemolysis,and detection methods such as gas chromatography(GC),gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) and so on.Possible improvement of lignin analysis and the application prospects of this tracer were also discussed.     

基于地名志的东北历史时期土地利用变化研究——以吉林省镇赉县为例

研究历史时期的土地利用与土地覆被变化,对于人类的生产活动有着重要的借鉴意义。本文以吉林省镇赉县为例,探讨了地名志等历史资料在确定东北地区大规模开发利用初始年限研究中的应用,并结合重分类、重心转移分析、叠加分析方法,分析了镇赉县地名志等史料记载的土地开发利用特征。结果表明:在康熙年间和1853年,镇赉县先后有过有记载的定居后小范围开垦活动,而直到1875年开始持续的土地开垦利用,此前镇赉县基本上处于自然状态。在技术手段不发达的早期,村屯的演变过程与土地开发利用过程是相辅相成的,因此,从村屯演变特征来看,1907-1912年期间土地开发利用最为突出;到1975年时,镇赉县村屯格局基本形成,而此时的土地开发利用活动已由个人行为转变为集体的机械化。在开禁等政策、自然灾害,以及战争等影响下,镇赉县土地开发呈由东部和中部的平坦地区向西部地势较高地区扩展的过程。     

Guandishan Granitoids of the Paleoproterozoic Lüliang Metamorphic Complex in the Trans-North China Orogen: SHRIMP Zircon Ages, Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications

Abstract: The Paleoproterozoic Lüliang Metamorphic Complex (PLMC) is situated in the middle segment of the western margin of the Trans-North China Orogen (TNCO), North China Craton (NCC). As the most important lithological assemblages in the southern part of the PLMC, Guandishan granitoids consist of early gneissic tonalities, granodiorites and gneissic monzogranites, and younger gneissic to massive monzogranites. Petrochemical features reveal that the early gneissic tonalities and granodiorites belong to the medium-K calc-alkaline series; the early gneissic monzogranites are transitional from high-K calc-alkaline to the shoshonite series; the younger gneissic to massive monzogranites belong to the high-k calc-alkaline series, and all rocks are characterized by right-declined REE patterns and negative Nb, Ta, Sr, P, and Ti anomalies in the primitive mantle normalized spidergrams. SHRIMP zircon U–Pb isotopic dating reveals that the early gneissic tonalities and granodiorites formed at ~2.17 Ga, the early gneissic monzogranites at ~2.06 Ga, and the younger gneissic to massive monzogranites at ~1.84 Ga. Sm–Nd isotopic data show that the early gneissic tonalities and granodiorites have εNd(t) values of +0.48 to ?3.19 with Nd-depleted mantle model ages (TDM) of 2.76–2.47 Ga, and early gneissic monzogranites have εNd(t) values of ?0.53 to ?2.51 with TDM of 2.61–2.43 Ga, and the younger gneissic monzogranites have εNd(t) values of ?6.41 to ?2.78 with a TDM of 2.69–2.52 Ga.These geochemical and isotopic data indicate that the early gneissic tonalities, granodiorites, and monzogranites were derived from the partial melting of metamorphosed basaltic and pelitic rocks, respectively, in a continental arc setting. The younger gneissic to massive monzogranites were derived by partial melting of metamorphosed greywackes within the continental crust. Combined with previously regional data, we suggest that the Paleoproterozoic granitoid magmatism in the Guandishan granitoids of the PLMC may provide the best geological signature for the complete spectrum of Paleoproterozoic geodynamic processes in the Trans-North China Orogen from oceanic subduction, through collisional orogenesis, to post-orogenic extension and uplift.     

Comparative assessment of semantic-sensitive satellite image retrieval: simple and context-sensitive Bayesian networks

In recent years, Bayesian networks using unsupervised extracted image features have been applied in many remote sensing information mining systems to enable semantic-sensitive image retrieval. However, a simple Bayesian network insufficiently accounts for the spatial information, that is, the relations among image regions, for the semantic inference process. This drawback significantly impacts the retrieval performance, especially if the utilised features contain no or little spatial information. Therefore, this article proposes a context-sensitive Bayesian network, which infers semantic concepts of image regions based on the spectral and textural characteristics of the regions themselves as well as their contexts, that is, the adjacent regions. In order to compare the context-sensitive Bayesian network with the simple Bayesian network, comprehensive experiments were conducted based on high-resolution multispectral IKONOS imagery. The results show that the incorporation of the image regions' spatial relations not only significantly improves the accuracy of the semantic concepts inference, but also allows more flexibility in choosing the type of low-level features.     

Xiba Granitic Pluton in the Qinling Orogenic Belt,Central China: Its Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications

Xiba granitic pluton is located in South Qinling tectonic domain of the Qinling orogenic belt and consists mainly of granodiorite and monzogranite with significant number of microgranular quartz dioritic enclaves. SHRIMP zircon U–Pb isotopic dating reveals that the quartz dioritic enclaves formed at 214±3 Ma, which is similar to the age of their host monzogranite (218±1 Ma). The granitoids belong to high-K calc-alkaline series, and are characterized by enriched LILEs relative to HFSEs with negative Nb, Ta and Ti anomalies, and right-declined REE patterns with (La/Yb)N ratios ranging from 15.83 to 26.47 and δEu values from 0.78 to 1.22 (mean= 0.97). Most of these samples from Xiba granitic pluton exhibit εNd(t) values of ?8.79 to ?5.38, depleted mantle Nd model ages (TDM) between 1.1 Ga and 1.7 Ga, and initial Sr isotopic ratios (87Sr/86Sr)i from 0.7061 to 0.7082, indicating a possible Meso- to Paleoproterozoic lower crust source region, with exception of samples XB01-2-1 and XB10-1 displaying higher (87Sr/86Sr)i values of 0.779 and 0.735, respectively, which suggests a contamination of the upper crustal materials. Quartz dioritic enclaves are interpreted as the result of rapid crystallization fractionation during the parent magmatic emplacement, as evidenced by similar age, texture, geochemical, and Sr-Nd isotopic features with their host rocks. Characteristics of the petrological and geochemical data reveal that the parent magma of Xiba granitoids was produced by a magma mingling process. The upwelling asthenosphere caused a high heat flow and the mafic magma was underplated into the bottom of the lower continent crust, which caused the partial melting of the lower continent crustal materials. This geodynamic process generated the mixing parent magma between mafic magma from depleted mantle and felsic magma derived from the lower continent crust. Integrated petrogenesis and tectonic discrimination with regional tectonic evolution of the Qinling orogen, it is suggested that the granitoids are most likely products in a post-collision tectonic setting.     

长江中下游庐江-枞阳矿集区龙桥铁矿成矿时代研究

龙桥铁矿床是长江中下游地区隐伏的富铁矿床,位于庐江-枞阳火山岩矿集区的北缘,铁矿体主要赋存于下白垩统龙门院组火山岩之下和石英正长岩、二长岩之上的泥质粉砂岩和碳酸盐之中;本文分别采集了龙桥铁矿床井下370中段与黄铁矿矿体、方解石共生的黑云母样品(Lz370-1)和矿体围岩蚀变粗安岩中的黑云母样品(Lz370-2),进行A...