Jurassic Tectonic Revolution in China and New Interpretation of the “Yanshan Movement”

With acquisition and accumulation of new data of structural geological investigations and high-resolution isotopic dating data, we have greatly improved our understanding of the tectonic events occurring in eastern China during the period from the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous and may give a new interpretation of the nature, timing and geodynamic settings of the “Yanshan Movement”. During the Mid-Late Jurassic （165±5 Ma）, great readjustment of plate amalgamation kinematics took place in East Asia and the tectonic regime underwent great transformation, thus initiating a new tectonic regime in which the North China Block was the center and different plates converged toward it from the north, east and southwest and forming the “East Asia convergent” tectonic system characterized by intracontinental subduction and orogeny. As a consequence, the crustal lithosphere of the East Asian continent thickened considerably during the Late Jurassic, followed immediately by Early Cretaceous substantial lithospheric thinning and craton destruction featured by drastic lithospheric extension and widespread volcano-magmatic activities, resulting in a major biotic turnover from the Yanliao biota to Jehol Biota. Such a tremendous tectonic event that took place in the continent of China and East Asia is the basic connotation of the “Yanshan Movement”. In the paper, according to the deformation patterns, geodynamic settings and deep processes, the “Yanshan Movement” is redefined as the Late Jurassic East Asian multi-directional plate convergent tectonic regime and its associated extensive intracontinental orogeny and great tectonic change that started at -165±5 Ma. The substantial lithospheric attenuation in East China is considered the post-effect of the Yanshanian intracontinental orogeny and deformation.     

青藏高原东缘新构造及其对汶川地震的控制作用

基于卫星遥感图像解译、地形起伏度分析和地面调查资料,论述了青藏高原东缘构造地貌格局、新构造演化阶段和活动断裂特征,提出青藏高原东缘不同地块在晚新生代时期有序的向东挤出过程,并划分为4个阶段：中新世早期川滇地块向北东挤出、中新世晚期川滇地块的再次强烈向东挤出、上新世至早中更新世时期川青地块的向东挤出、晚更新世以来最新构造变动阶段,青藏高原东缘地貌边界带也经历了由西向东、由南向北的有规律的迁移过程。基于活动构造的最新研究成果和现今GPS测量成果,阐述了东昆仑岷山龙门山走滑逆冲断裂系统的运动学特征。根据地震破裂构造的实地调查,分析了汶川地震的地表破裂行为,提出了汶川地震的发震构造模型。研究认为,青藏高原东部地区NW向楔状条块向东运动速度的一半被鲜水河断裂及其北西延伸的构造带所吸收,而龙门山构造带向东运动受阻于四川盆地之下扬子刚性地块,使得龙门山断裂带处在低应变、高应力环境下,因长期应力应变累积而导致向西陡倾的断裂带突然向东逆冲运动而释放能量。汶川强震发生的深部机理值得深入研究。     

华北侏罗纪大地构造：综评与新认识

论述了华北地区侏罗纪构造变形样式与岩浆活动序列,目的是试图提出一个侏罗纪构造阶段性演化历史的框架。将华北地区侏罗纪的沉积作用、构造变形和岩浆活动划分为3个阶段。早侏罗世早期大地构造显著特征是没有岩浆活动(205~191Ma的岩浆活动空隙),华北地区处于区域性隆升,这个时期应当是华北与华南板块碰撞和陆内俯冲作用(印支运动)的延续。早中侏罗世(190~175Ma)华北岩石圈处于弱伸展状态,表现为沿燕-辽构造带和郯庐断裂带两侧源于地幔的深成岩浆侵入、火山作用以及沿阴山—燕山构造带发育的正断层和裂谷作用,华北地块内部发生大面积整体沉降和含煤盆地的形成。这个时期大地构造仍可视作是印支运动的后效。中晚侏罗世(165±5Ma~136Ma)构造体制发生重大变革,以多向挤压引起的强烈陆内造山和板内变形为特征。这个阶段区分出了两幕主要挤压变形事件:早幕以上侏罗统巨厚磨拉石沉积之下的角度不整合面为标志,主要沿着鄂尔多斯西缘褶皱冲断带和阴山—燕山构造带发育,时代早于160Ma;晚幕以下白垩统底部的角度不整合面为标志,时代早于135Ma。在中晚侏罗世构造变革时期,两个纬向构造带:北缘的阴山—燕山构造带和南缘的秦岭—大别构造带,以及鄂尔多斯盆地西缘均发生强烈的冲断褶皱变形;华北地块本身遭受NE、NNE向逆冲断层、断层相关褶皱和左旋走滑断层等构造体系的改造,并在空间分布上出现变形分解。郯庐断裂带东侧胶辽地区一系列片麻状地壳重熔型花岗岩的侵入(时代160~150Ma)指示了中晚侏罗世重要的地壳增厚作用。华北侏罗纪变形样式、不同方向的构造体系和多向挤压是东亚周邻板块(北部西伯利亚板块、西部拉萨地块和东部古太平洋板块)从3个不同方向向亚洲大陆同时汇聚产生的远程效应的结果。正是中晚侏罗世强烈的板内挤压变形和地壳增厚作用才诱发了早白垩世(最早始于135Ma)时期岩石圈的巨量减薄和转型。     

西北太平洋台风累积动能的气候特征

利用1945-2008年JTWC提供的台风资料,计算了西北太平洋地区台风累积动能,分析了台风累积动能的时间分布特征,统计累积动能与尼诺3.4区海温的关系.结果表明:每年台风累积动能主要集中在6-12月;累积动能有明显的阶段性;1990年以后极端台风事件发生频数有增加的趋势;6-12月台风累积动能与尼诺 3.4区的海温距平呈正相关;台风累积动能与海温的关系通过沃克环流和局地哈得来环流起作用.     

High-pressure mafic granulites in the Trans-North China Orogen: Tectonic significance and age

High-pressure mafic granulites (including retrograded eclogites) have been reported from the Trans-North China Orogen, a Paleoproterozoic orogenic belt along which two discrete continental blocks, referred to as the Eastern and Western Blocks, were amalgamated to form the North China Craton. Extensive metamorphic investigations and geochronology carried out over the last few years provide important insights into the age and significance of these high-pressure granulites, which are critical in understanding of the timing and tectonic processes involved in the assembly of the North China Craton.Most high-pressure mafic granulites in the Trans-North China Orogen preserve the high-pressure granulite facies assemblage garnet + plagioclase + clinopyroxene + quartz, the medium-pressure granulite facies assemblage garnet + plagioclase + clinopyroxene + orthopyroxene ± quartz, the low-pressure granulite facies assemblage orthopyroxene + clinopyroxene + plagioclase ± quartz, and the amphibolite facies assemblage hornblende + plagioclase. Minor high-pressure granulites preserve the early eclogite facies mineral assemblage of garnet + quartz + omphacite pseudomorph (clinopyroxene + Na-rich plagioclase), indicating that they are retrograded eclogites. These mineral assemblages and their P–T estimates define a clockwise P–T path involving near-isothermal decompression and cooling following the peak high-pressure metamorphism, which suggests that they formed during continent–continent collision. Field mapping and geochronology indicate that the precursors of these high-pressure granulites were mafic dykes which were emplaced at 1915 Ma and underwent high-pressure granulite facies metamorphism at 1.85 Ga. Taken together, the high-pressure granulites in the Trans-North China are considered to have resulted from final collision between the Eastern and Western Blocks to form the North China Craton at 1.85 Ga, not at 2.5 Ga as recently proposed by some authors.     

生态环境典型治理区5年期遥感动态监测

1998年以来中国在生态环境脆弱区实施了一系列生态建设工程，为了评估工程的效益，监测工程实施地区的生态环境变化趋势，在生态脆弱区选择了具有代表意义的5个典型区，采用遥感与地理信息系统技术结合的方法，对这些地区在1997-2002年5年内的生态环境变化进行了动态监测。监测结果表明，这5年来，退耕还林还草、天然林保护、防护林建设和小流域治理等生态环境建设工程已经取得较大进展，各治理区的环境正在逐渐改善。     

Zircon U／Pb Dating of Cretaceous Adakitic Volcanic Rocks in the Eastern Part of North Dabie Mountains

1IntroductionMostgeologistshaveacceptedthattheQinling Dabieorogenicbeltistheproductofcontinentaldeepsubduction (Okayetal.,1993;Cong ,B .etal.,1995 ;Hackeretal.,1995 ;DongShuwenetal.,1993) .Butasthebiggest scaleUHPmetamorphicbeltintheworld ,thereactionbetweenthecrustandthemantleatthepost orogenicstageandtheexhumation ,upliftinganddenudationoftheorogenicbeltarethecomplexdynamicprocesses .ItwasreportedpreviouslythatsomeCretaceousvolcanicrocksexistinthemiddleoftheDabieMountains (GuanYuncaiet…     

HJ-1B卫星遥感影像的积雪识别

针对国产卫星HJ-1B数据积雪像元识别的问题,该文分析了归一化差分积雪指数法和改进的归一化差分积雪指数法的优缺点,并根据积雪与其他地物的光谱特征变化幅度的差异性,提出了一个仅用HJ-CCD数据作为数据源的积雪识别方法。实验中,选取了两块不同特征的影像进行试验,以神经网络分类结合目视解译方法的提取结果作为标准进行精度评价。结果表明,该文提出的方法操作简单,能快速、准确地识别区域积雪覆盖面积。     

A spatio-temporal data model for road network in data center based on incremental updating in vehicle navigation system

The technique of incremental updating,which can better guarantee the real-time situation of navigational map,is the developing orientation of navigational road network updating.The data center of vehicle navigation system is in charge of storing incremental data,and the spatio-temporal data model for storing incremental data does affect the efficiency of the response of the data center to the requirements of incremental data from the vehicle terminal.According to the analysis on the shortcomings of several ...     

大别山榴辉岩的包裹体研究

本文对大别山榴辉岩流体包裹体进行了研究。包裹体成分以ＮａＣｌ－Ｈ２Ｏ、Ｈ２Ｏ、ＮａＣｌ－ＣＯ２－Ｈ２Ｏ为主，是在退变质的角闪岩相和绿片岩相条件下捕获的。从变质高峰期至退变质晚期，包裹体成分演化由氧化向还原转化。熔融包裹体的发现，说明榴辉岩在形成过程中伴随局部深熔作用。通过流体包裹体研究，对大别山榴辉岩抬升过程ｐ－Ｔ－ｔ轨迹进行了探讨，认为是一等温降压过程。