Spectroscopic analysis of nearby lower-main-sequence stars

Abundances of O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Ni and Ba are determined for 30 nearby lower-main-sequence stars in the Northern sky using high-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio spectra. Our results show an equilibrium of  [Fe/H]_I  and  [Fe/H]_II  and a much smaller star-to-star scatter of the abundance ratios as a function of metallicity compared with the results of Kotoneva et al. The non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) corrections for oxygen are considered and found to be small  (∼−0.04 dex)  . A flat trend of [O/Fe] exists over the whole metallicity range. The non-LTE effects for some important elements are discussed, and it is found that the abundance pattern for our programme stars is very similar to that of F and G dwarfs.     

天籁实验抛物柱面天线阵结构设计与力学分析

为了满足大面积天区的射电巡天观测,完成对大尺度结构的精确测量和对暗能量的探测,需要设计可安装大量馈源单元的大规模射电干涉阵列天线。抛物柱面的结构形式能较好满足工作需求,对抛物柱面天线阵进行了结构的选型设计。基于有限元方法及有限元分析软件,建立了用于暗能量射电探测的抛物柱面天线阵结构的有限元模型,计算分析了在重力、冰雪和风力等载荷作用时反射面的变形情况。仿真计算分析结果表明:设计的用于暗能量射电探测的天线结构在各种工况下反射面变形量较小,能满足各项设计技术指标要求,从而验证了天线阵结构的合理性、稳定性和可靠性。     

21cm波段太阳爆发中的精细结构

本文简要介绍了云南天文台新建立的21cm波段快速(不中断采样)记录系统,及使用该系统观测到的快速尖峰事件。系统得到的太阳分米波段爆发中不同时间尺度的精细结构与Stu-rroch等提出的太阳耀斑中能量释放的模式相一致。     

宇宙磁场中的中微子

本文讨论了有质量的Dirac粒子在宇宙磁场中的演化。宇宙磁场使空间度规出现各向异性。通过求解Dirac方程,得到了中微子在宇宙磁场中的表观磁矩。     

The spectra of gamma-ray bursts and emission features

We present a new two-component method of fitting spectra of cosmic gamma-ray bursts, to get some information about the emission regions through this kind of fit. Our results support the existence of structure in the thin emission sheet. The peak appearing at about 780 ke V in the spectrum of GB 781119³ seems not to be a one-photon annihilation line.Project supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China.     

A Disconnection Event of Comet Lulin†

The cometary disconnection event (DE) is the separation of the entire cometary tail or a part of it from the cometary head. It is one of the most spectacular phenomena of comets. The driving mechanism remains unclear, and at present there are many competitive theories to explain the onset of DE. However, the variable solar wind is suspected to play a major role. Comet Lulin exhibited a DE on 4th Feb. 2009. The data around this date are analyzed, and it is found that the comet Lulin had already endured a DE on 3rd Feb. 2009. By comparing the morphologies of the plasma tails in these two DEs, it is concluded that the DE which occurred on 3rd Feb. 2009 is another DE, which is distinct from that of 4th Feb. 2009. In this paper, we describe the results of analysis on the DE dated 3rd Feb. 2009. The measured velocity of disconnection motion is about 68 km/s, and the calculated onset time of this DE is 3.635 ± 0.215 Feb. 2009 in UT decimal date. Combining the orbital characteristics of Comet Lulin before and after the DE occurrence and the solar-wind data measured by the STEREO-A spacecraft, it is concluded that the DE which occurred on 3rd Feb. 2009 was probably caused by the magnetic reconnection due to the interaction between the comet and a coronal mass ejection (CME).     

The magnetohydrodynamics model of twin kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations in low-mass X-ray binaries

We suggest an explanation for the twin kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations (kHz QPOs) in low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) based on magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) oscillation modes in neutron star magnetospheres. Including the effect of the neutron star spin, we derive several MHD wave modes by solving the dispersion equations, and propose that the coupling of the two resonant MHD modes may lead to the twin kHz QPOs. This model naturally relates the upper, lower kHz QPO frequencies with the spin frequencies of the neutron stars, and can well account for the measured data of six LMXBs.     

含煤地层AVO正演模型参数优选分析

采用GEOVIEW软件,选取顶底板为泥岩,中间为煤层（厚度变化范围0～30m）的三层介质作模型,通过改变中间煤层的厚度、处理采样率、子波等参数,并保持上下围岩参数不变的方式来讨论相关参数对AVO响应的影响,结果表明当处理采样率越高时,AVO截距和梯度精度就越高;子波采样率过低,会引起AVO截距和梯度值的扰动现象;当子波采样率提高到一定程度时,扰动现象消除;子波主频的大小决定了调谐效应的范围,提高地震波主频,有利于提高分辨率;子波长度的变化对AVO截距和梯度值求取影响不大。上述结论为AVO正演模型参数优选提供了依据,其最佳参数的选取可有效提高含煤地层AVO正演模型的精度。     

Sources of uncertainty in exploring rangeland phenology: A case study in an alpine meadow on the central Tibetan Plateau

Global climate change has been found to substantially influence the phenology of rangeland, especially on the Tibetan Plateau. However, there is considerable controversy about the trends and causes of rangeland phenology owing to different phenological exploration methods and lack of ground validation. Little is known about the uncertainty in the exploration accuracy of vegetation phenology. Therefore, in this study, we selected a typical alpine rangeland near Damxung national meteorological station as a case study on central Tibetan Plateau, and identified several important sources influencing phenology to better understand their effects on phenological exploration. We found man-made land use was not easily distinguished from natural rangelands, and therefore this may confound phenological response to climate change in the rangeland. Change trends of phenology explored by four methods were similar, but ratio threshold method (RTM) was more suitable for exploring vegetation phenology in terms of the beginning of growing season (BGS) and end of growing season (EGS). However, some adjustments are needed when RTM is used in extreme drought years. MODIS NDVI/EVI dataset was most suitable for exploring vegetation phenology of BGS and EGS. The discrimination capacities of vegetation phenology declined with decreasing resolution of remote sensing images from MODIS to GIMMS AVHRR datasets. Additionally, distinct trends of phenological change rates were indicated in different terrain conditions, with advance of growing season in high altitudes but delay of season in lower altitudes. Therefore, it was necessary to eliminate interference of complex terrain and man-made land use to ensure the representativeness of natural vegetation. Moreover, selecting the appropriate method to explore rangelands and fully considering the impact of topography are important to accurately analyze the effects of climate change on vegetation phenology.