青岛榴辉岩相蛇绿混杂岩的岩石学证据及退变质P-T轨迹

青岛榴辉岩相蛇绿混杂岩发育在胶南隆起北缘地缝合线附近,构造侵位于胶南群云母斜长片麻岩中。它主要由斜方辉橄岩、玄武质和玄武安山质火山岩及少量杂砂岩和硅质岩组成。它与一般仰冲蛇绿岩的主要区别是:玄武质和玄武安山质岩石普遍遭受了榴辉岩相变质作用并发生强烈的糜棱岩化和退变质作用。强烈的退变质作用使大部分榴辉岩变为含石榴石石英斜长角闪岩,但仍保留有少量榴辉岩透镜体。它们可能是俯冲陆壳前缘岛弧地壳或岛弧型蛇绿岩残片的推覆体。它的退变质P-T轨迹表明,在其上升过程中热传导速率较高,这可能与该岩石强烈糜棱岩化和含水有关。     

Practical application of an innovative microseismic source location procedure

Summary A detailed case study conducted at a Canadian gold mine is presented to demonstrate the practical usefulness of the source location data analysis theory developed by Ge and Kaiser (1990). The basic concept of the theory and the interpretation of the physical status of wave arrival picks is explained through a step-by-step analysis of several microseismic events. The effectiveness of the theory is illustrated by statistical data analysis. It is demonstrated that the theory enhances MP250 systems by providing an automatic microseismic source location technique.     

OBSERVATION AND MODEL ANALYSES OF POSITIVE CLOUD-TO-GROUND LIGHTNING IN MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEMS

The analyses of spatial and temporal characteristics of positive cloud-to-ground(CG)lightning for four mesoscaleconvective systems and two severe local convective systems in 1989 and 1990 show that positive CG flash rate usuallyhas two peak values.The major peak occurs during the developing stage of the storm and most of the positive CGflashes originate at the lower part of the storm.The minor occurs during the dissipative stage of the storm and most ofthe positive CG flashes originate at the upper part of the storm,especially in the region of the wind divergence in thestorm anvil.The positive CG flash rate is almost an order of magnitude larger in the developing stage than in thedissipative stage.The appearing time of the peak of negative CG flash rate is in accordance with that of the valley of pos-itive CG flash rate.The higher the intensity of the radar echo,the higher the positive CG flash rate.Most of the positive CG flashes oc-cur when the weak echo area is larger,and mostly originate in the region where the radar echo intensity is about 10dBzand in the back region of the moving storms.The spatial distribution of the positive CG flashes is much more dispersivethan that of the negative.The mesoscale analysis reveals a bipolar lightning pattern.The mean bipole--length reaches itsminimum during the mature stage of the storm and reaches the maximum during the developing stage of the storm.The vertical distribution of the charge density is calculated by a one-dimensional charging model.Then,we discussthe producing condition of the positive CG lightning and forming cause of charge structure mentioned above.     

甘肃东部及邻区地壳Qp值分布特征

本文使用兰州遥测地震台网有数字波形记录的12个台站记录到的83个近震P波资料,应用波谱计算Q_P值的频率域方法,求得甘肃东部及邻区Q_P值在170—1300之间。通过分析发现低Q_P区小震活动密集,中强地震较多;高Q_P区地震活动最弱;在高Q_P区和低Q_P区的边界一带,是历史和现今6级以上破坏性地震发生区。文中最后应用组合模式,对Q_P值的分布进行了分析,并对甘肃东部某些地区的地震危险性作了估计。     

大理岩静态和特环荷载试件的电镜试验分析

In this paper, crack propagation laws were studied by means of observing marble specimens, which were conducted uniaxial static and cyclic loading tests, with electron-microscope. The studying results showed: (1) Different parts of rock specimen suffer differential degree damage; (2) Failure models and characteristics of rock specimens change with loading paths; (3) Rock cracks are to be closed, when amplitude of cyclic stress is smaller than “fatigue threshold stress” of rock. This is mainly testimony of “rock fatigue threshold stress” existence.     

陕西省太白金矿矿床成因探讨

太白金矿品位低、易采、易选、其成矿地质特征比较独特,使其成因问题一直争论不休,主要的观点有岩浆热液成因和喷流沉积成因。但作者从太白金矿的大地构造位置,赋矿层位特点,西坝岩体及其它岩脉和矿床成因矿物学等方面对其成因进行了探讨,提出了一种新的成因观点,即太白金矿成因类型的“喷流沉积－岩浆热液叠加改造型”。     

Distribution and migration of the common squidTodarodes pacificus in the Yellow Sea

Study of the distribution and migration of the common squid,Todarodes pacificus Steenstrup,basedon the index of important fishing ground(P) and fisheries statistics on the Yellow Sea and northern EastChina Sea during 1980—1991 showed that:1.Its catch in the fishing period(June to November) is 91.77% of the annual yield.The fishingground distributes over the northem and middle Yel1ow Sea and adjacent area of the Changjiang Estuary.2. It over-winters in the northem East China Sea and waters adjacent to Goto Island from De-cember to February and spawns in waters near Haijiao Is1and and west of Kyushu. The main stock mi-grates along 123°30′E to the ChangJiang Estuary, Haizhou Bay. offsea from Shidao to Qingdao,mideastern Yellow Sea, and offsea Weihai and Haiyang Island succesively for feeding after April. The sur-plus stock migrates again to the wintering ground in December.3.The favorable feeding temperature is 6-23℃(optimum of l3-20℃ in the Changjiang Estua-ry and 7-13℃ in the northern and middle Yel     

洛南-栾川断裂带（栾川段）变形特征及形成环境研究

洛南-栾川断裂带是秦岭造山带中一条著名的断裂带,是华北板块与秦岭造山带的地质分界线,其走向近东西,断裂带发育有宽坪岩群和陶湾岩群等岩石,洛南-栾川断裂带的构造作用过程及其演化对这些岩石的变形起了重要作用。因此,分析断裂带岩石的变形特征及其形成条件对于探讨洛南-栾川断裂带的构造环境以及分析古板块汇聚边界变形有重要意义。本文以洛南-栾川断裂带栾川段为主要研究对象,通过室内外变形研究及多种测试分析,认为洛南-栾川断裂带基本走向为290°,倾角为58°～89°,糜棱面理、矿物生长线理和褶皱普遍发育,具有由南向北的俯冲兼有左行平移的运动学特征。断裂带内岩石变形强烈,变形矿物主要为石英、方解石、黑云母和白云母。变形机制：石英以膨凸式和亚颗粒旋转动态重结晶为主,方解石以机械双晶和亚颗粒旋转变形为主,云母变形以应变滑劈理为主。在宽坪岩群北侧和陶湾岩群南侧主要为塑性变形,在陶湾岩群北侧主要为脆性变形。分别对应于洛南-栾川断裂带第2期由南向北的俯冲走滑构造活动和第4期由北向南的脆性逆冲推覆构造活动。通过方解石机械双晶、多硅白云母压力计、黑白云母Ti温度计、斜长角闪温度计等方法分别对洛南-栾川断裂带（栾川段）的形成环境进行了分析,得到矿物变形温度为440℃～509℃, 压力为0.4～1.4 GPa, 差异应力为0.27～0.426 GPa, 即韧性剪切带的形成环境属中温、中压条件。因此,本文认为洛南-栾川断裂带（栾川段）变形环境为中温、中压,相当于地壳浅层的构造变形环境。     

区域海洋减灾能力评估指标体系构建与权重量化

为有效开展防灾减灾,需要充分了解区域海洋减灾能力现状,从而科学确定未来减灾能力建设的优先领域及重点工程。首先梳理了能力评估与灾害管理阶段、能力建设优先领域、能力评估对象与建设主体等要素之间的关系,以及评估指标体系共性设计与区域个性的关系;其次,通过组织部门及地方的相关减灾机构与专家开展多方参与式讨论,综合了海洋、水文、气象、民政、应急、教育及综合减灾等多个领域专家的减灾经验,构建了区域海洋减灾能力评估三级指标体系,包括6个一级指标、21个二级指标及136个三级指标;然后,基于专家问卷(有效问卷69份)及层次分析(AHP)方法,量化了三级指标体系中各指标的权重。区域海洋减灾能力评估三级指标体系及指标权重成果已在相关市县开展了评估试点应用,为未来在全国范围开展区域海洋减灾能力评估奠定了良好基础。     

Oceanographic Research Vessel Sharing Plan—A Significant Creation of the National Natural Science Foundation of China

To settle the difficulties of the shortage of oceanographic research vessels in our country, the National Natural Science Foundation Committee of China founded Oceanographic Research Vessel Sharing Plan in 2009. It is aimed at enhancing efficiency and optimization of the vessel resources,and coordinating the use demands of vessels for the different foundation projects and the efficient use of the research vessels. We have summarized the achievements made in the Plan from 2010 to 2014, as well as the use system of the research vessels sharing, the specific operating mode ,the organization and the management framework of the Plan. In the end, we put forward our suggestions on the improvement of the Plan after the primary analysis of the present situation of the sharing of the survey data and the existing problems.