全文获取类型
收费全文 | 394篇 |
免费 | 17篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 8篇 |
大气科学 | 29篇 |
地球物理 | 131篇 |
地质学 | 109篇 |
海洋学 | 37篇 |
天文学 | 62篇 |
综合类 | 4篇 |
自然地理 | 37篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 5篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 7篇 |
2018年 | 11篇 |
2017年 | 8篇 |
2016年 | 18篇 |
2014年 | 9篇 |
2013年 | 13篇 |
2012年 | 9篇 |
2011年 | 25篇 |
2010年 | 8篇 |
2009年 | 18篇 |
2008年 | 27篇 |
2007年 | 25篇 |
2006年 | 28篇 |
2005年 | 19篇 |
2004年 | 23篇 |
2003年 | 13篇 |
2002年 | 13篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 11篇 |
1999年 | 5篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有417条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
321.
The diffusion coefficients of aquo metal ions (Mz+) and their EDTA complexes (M-EDTA(z−4)+) were compared to understand the effect of EDTA complexation on the diffusion of metal ions by the diffusion cell method for Co2+, Ga3+, Rb+, Sr2+, Ag+, Cd2+, Cs+, Th4+, , and trivalent lanthanides. Most studies about ionic diffusion in water have dealt with free ion (hydrated ion). In many cases, however, polyvalent ions are dissolved as complexed species in natural waters. Hence, we need to study the diffusion behavior of complexes in order to understand the diffusion phenomenon in natural aquifer and to measure speciation by diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT), which requires the diffusion coefficients of the species examined. For many ions, the diffusion coefficients of M-EDTA(z−4)+ are smaller than those of hydrated ions, but the diffusion coefficients of M-EDTA(z−4)+ are larger than those of hydrated ions for ions with high ionic potentials (Ga3+ and Th4+). As a result, the diffusion coefficients of EDTA complexes are similar among various metal ions. In other words, the diffusion of each ion loses its characteristics by the complexation with EDTA. Although the difference is subtle, it was also found that the diffusion coefficients of EDTA complexes increase as the ionic potential increases, which can be explained by the size of the EDTA complex of each metal ion. 相似文献
322.
Michael P. Eddy Mauricio Ibaez‐Mejia Seth D. Burgess Matthew A. Coble Umberto G. Cordani Joel DesOrmeau George E. Gehrels Xianhua Li Scott MacLennan Mark Pecha Kei Sato Blair Schoene Victor A. Valencia Jeffrey D. Vervoort Tiantian Wang 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2019,43(1):113-132
We present multitechnique U‐Pb geochronology and Hf isotopic data from zircon separated from rapakivi biotite granite within the Eocene Golden Horn batholith in Washington, USA. A weighted mean of twenty‐five Th‐corrected 206Pb/238U zircon dates produced at two independent laboratories using chemical abrasion‐isotope dilution‐thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (CA‐ID‐TIMS) is 48.106 ± 0.023 Ma (2s analytical including tracer uncertainties, MSWD = 1.53) and is our recommended date for GHR1 zircon. Microbeam 206Pb/238U dates from laser ablation‐inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) laboratories are reproducible and in agreement with the CA‐ID‐TIMS date to within < 1.5%. Solution multi‐collector ICP‐MS (MC‐ICP‐MS) measurements of Hf isotopes from chemically purified aliquots of GHR1 yield a mean 176Hf/177Hf of 0.283050 ± 17 (2s, n = 10), corresponding to a εHf0 of +9.3. Hafnium isotopic measurements from two LA‐ICP‐MS laboratories are in agreement with the solution MC‐ICP‐MS value. The reproducibility of 206Pb/238U and 176Hf/177Hf ratios from GHR1 zircon across a variety of measurement techniques demonstrates their homogeneity in most grains. Additionally, the effectively limitless reserves of GHR1 material from an accessible exposure suggest that GHR1 can provide a useful reference material for U‐Pb geochronology of Cenozoic zircon and Hf isotopic measurements of zircon with radiogenic 176Hf/177Hf. 相似文献
323.
Masahiro Takenobu Masafumi Miyata Yu Otake Takehiko Sato 《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2019,13(3):195-204
ABSTRACTThe Partial Factor Method (PFM) based on the Level 1 reliability design method was introduced in 2007 to the Technical Standards for Port and Harbour Facilities (TSPHF-2007) in Japan. After nearly 10 years of practical use of TSPHF-2007, the design standard has been revised based on requests from the practitioners who recommend the transition from the PFM to the Load Resistance Factor Design (LRFD). In this paper, we discuss the setting method of the target failure probability to determine the partial factors based on code calibration. Furthermore, we examine the impacts of implementing the LRFD concept to the TSPHF by taking the sliding and overturning of a gravity type quay wall as an example to represent port and harbour facilities. We found no practical difference in caisson width derived using the LRFD and the PFM, whereas the degree of matching of the target failure probability was somewhat more precise for the PFM. This finding indicates that the LRFD is a more reasonable design method than the PFM in terms of the simplicity of the performance function itself and the ease of engineering interpretation during the design procedure. 相似文献
324.
Yoshimasa Tanaka Atsuki Shinbori Tomoaki Hori Yukinobu Koyama Shuji Abe Norio Umemura Yuka Sato Manabu Yagi Satoru UeNo Akiyo Yatagai Yasunobu Ogawa Yoshizumi Miyoshi 《极地研究(英文版)》2013,(4):231-240
To comprehensively understand the Arctic and Antarctic upper atmosphere, it is often crucial to analyze various data that are obtained from many regions. Infrastructure that promotes such interdisciplinary studies on the upper atmosphere has been developed by a Japanese inter-university project called the Inter-university Upper atmosphere Global Observation Network (1UGONET). The objective of this paper is to describe the infrastructure and tools developed by IUGONET. We focus on the data analysis software. It is written in Interactive Data Language (IDL) and is a plug-in for the THEMIS Data Analysis Software suite (TDAS), which is a set of IDL libraries used to visualize and analyze satellite- and ground-based data. We present plots of upper atmospheric data provided by IUGONET as examples of applications, and verify the usefulness of the software in the study of polar science. We discuss IUGONET's new and unique developments, i.e., an executable file of TDAS that can run on the IDL Virtual Machine, IDL routines to retrieve metadata from the IUGONET database, and an archive of 3-D simulation data that uses the Common Data Format so that it can easily be used with TDAS. 相似文献
325.
The role of meso-scale eddies in mixed layer deepening and mode water formation in the western North Pacific 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Shinya Kouketsu Hiroyuki Tomita Eitarou Oka Shigeki Hosoda Taiyo Kobayashi Kanako Sato 《Journal of Oceanography》2012,68(1):63-77
Distributions of mixed layer depths around the centers of anti-cyclonic and cyclonic eddies in the North Pacific Ocean were
composited by using satellite-derived sea surface height anomaly data and Argo profiling float data. The composite distributions
showed that in late winter, deeper mixed layers were more (less) frequently observed inside the cores of the anti-cyclonic
(cyclonic) eddies than outside. This relationship was the clearest in the region of 140°E–160°W and 35°N–40°N, where the temperature
and salinity of the deep mixed layers were similar to those of the lighter variety of central mode water (L-CMW). A simple
one-dimensional bulk mixed layer model showed that both strong sea-surface heat and momentum fluxes and weak preexisting stratification
contributed to formation of the deep mixed layer. These conditions were associated with the anti-cyclonic eddies, suggesting
that these eddies are important in the formation of mode waters, particularly L-CMW. 相似文献
326.
Minimal‐disturbance seismic rehabilitation of steel moment‐resisting frames using light‐weight steel elements
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《地震工程与结构动力学》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Masahiro Kurata Miho Sato Lei Zhang Oren Lavan Tracy Becker Masayoshi Nakashima 《地震工程与结构动力学》2016,45(3):383-400
This paper presents a rehabilitation technique developed under a design and construction scheme, termed minimal‐disturbance seismic rehabilitation. This scheme pursues enhancing the seismic performance of buildings with the intention of improving the continuity of business while minimizing obstruction of the visual and physical space of building users and the use of heavy construction equipment and hot work (welding/cutting). The developed rehabilitation technique consists of light‐weight steel elements and aims to decrease demands to beam‐ends of steel moment‐resisting frames. The behavior of the baseline model was verified through numerical analysis and proof‐of‐concept testing. Furthermore, the effectiveness of rehabilitation is studied through retrofitting a four‐story steel moment‐resisting frame originally designed with Japanese design guidelines. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
327.
A numerical simulation was conducted to predict the change of pCO2 in the ocean caused by CO2 leaked from an underground aquifer, in which CO2 is purposefully stored. The target space of the present model was the ocean above the seafloor. The behavior of CO2 bubbles, their dissolution, and the advection-diffusion of dissolved CO2 were numerically simulated. Here, two cases for the leakage rate were studied: an extreme case, 94,600 t/y, which assumed that a large fault accidentally connects the CO2 reservoir and the seafloor; and a reasonable case, 3800 t/y, based on the seepage rate of an existing EOR site. In the extreme case, the calculated increase in ΔpCO2 experienced by floating organisms was less than 300 ppm, while that for immobile organisms directly over the fault surface periodically exceeded 1000 ppm, if momentarily. In the reasonable case, the calculated ΔpCO2 and pH were within the range of natural fluctuation. 相似文献
328.
To elucidate the ecological importance of mixotrophic nanoflagellates in the open ocean and the environmental factors that regulate their abundance, we surveyed latitudinal distributions of autotrophic, mixotrophic and heterotrophic nanoflagellates in the central North Pacific Ocean along a transect at 170°W. Mixotrophic nanoflagellates significantly contributed (26–64 %) to total bacterivory, as measured by the fluorescently-labeled bacteria method, from the equatorial through the subarctic regions, which reinforces the importance of mixotrophic nanoflagellates as a trophic link in the open ocean. The proportion of mixotrophic to total plastidic nanoflagellates was significantly higher in the nutrient-depleted subtropical gyre than in other regions, sometimes exceeding 10 %. Additionally, the proportion was negatively correlated with soluble reactive phosphorus concentration within the tropical and subtropical waters, suggesting that low nutrient availability could facilitate phagotrophy of plastidic nanoflagellates, which may explain the survival of nano-sized eukaryotic phytoplankton in the ultraoligotrophic water. In the subarctic regions, the proportion exhibited no obvious relationship with any environmental parameter. Conversely, the numerical proportion of mixotrophic nanoflagellates in total phagotrophic nanoflagellates (sum of mixotrophic and heterotrophic nanoflagellates) was positively correlated with nutrient concentrations. In contrast to macronutrient availability, the physical stability of the water column did not appear to affect the contribution of mixotrophic nanoflagellates. 相似文献
329.
Yusuke Sawaki Mathieu Moussavou Tomohiko Sato Kazue Suzuki Cédric Ligna Hisashi Asanuma Shuhei Sakata Hideyuki Obayashi Takafumi Hirata Amboise Edou-Minko 《地学前缘(英文版)》2017,8(2):397-407
The Francevillian Group in Gabonese Republic was recently established as a typical sedimentary sequence for the Paleoproterozoic.However,its age is rather poorly constrained,mainly based on Rb-Sr and Nd-Sm datings.This study reports new zircon data obtained from Chaillu massif and N'goutou complex,which constrain the protolith age of the basement orthogneisses and the igneous age of an intrusive granite,respectively.Most zircons from the orthogneisses are blue and exhibit oscillatory zoning in cathode-luminescence images.Zircons with lower common lead abundances tend to be distributed close to the concordia curve.Two age clusters around 2860 Ma and 2910 Ma are found in zircons plotted on the concordia curve.Based on the Th/U ratios of zircons,these ages correspond to the protolith ages of the orthogneisses,and the zircons are not metamorphic in origin.Syenites and granites were collected from the N'goutou complex that intrudes into the FA and FB units of the Francevillian Group.The granitoids exhibit chemical composition of A-type granite affinity.Half of zircons separated from the granite are non-luminous,and the remaining half exhibit obscure internal textures under cathode-luminescence observation.All zircon grains contain significant amounts of common lead;the lead isotopic variability is probably attributed to the mixing of two components in the zircons.The zircon radiogenic ~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb ratio is 0.13707 ± 0.0010.corresponding to a ~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb age of 2191 ± 13 Ma.This constrains the minimum depositional age of the FA and FB units.Furthermore,the FB unit consists of manganese-rich carbonate rocks and organic carbon-rich black shales with macroscopic fossils.Based on our age constraints,these organisms appeared in the study area just after the last Paleoproterozoic Snowball Earth event,in concert with global scale oxidation event encompassing the Snowball Earth. 相似文献
330.
Chihiro Hashimoto Toshinori Sato Mitsuhiro Matsu’ura 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2008,165(3-4):567-583
Free-air gravity anomaly in plate subduction zones, characterized by island-arc high, trench low and outer-rise gentle high, reflects the cumulative effects of long-term crustal uplift and subsidence. In northeast Japan the island-arc high of observed free-air gravity anomaly takes its maximum about the eastern coastline. On the other hand, the current vertical crustal motion estimated from geological and geomorphological observations shows a gentle uplift in the land area and steep subsidence in the sea area with the neutral point near the eastern coastline. Such a discrepancy in spatial patterns between the free-air gravity anomaly and current vertical crustal motion can be ascribed to a change in the mode of crustal uplift and subsidence associated with the initiation of tectonic erosion at the North American-Pacific plate interface. We developed a realistic 3-D simulation model of steady plate subduction with tectonic erosion in northeast Japan on the basis of elastic/viscoelastic dislocation theory. Through numerical simulations with this model we found that simple steady plate subduction brings about the crustal uplift characterized by island-arc high with its maximum about the eastern coastline, while steady plate subduction with tectonic erosion, which is represented by the landward retreat of the plate interface, brings about gentle uplift in the land area and steep subsidence in the sea area with the neutral point near the eastern coastline. Therefore, if we suppose that tectonic erosion started 3–4 million years ago after the long duration of simple steady plate subduction, we can consistently explain both patterns of free-air gravity anomaly and current crustal uplift in northeast Japan. 相似文献