全文获取类型
收费全文 | 7372篇 |
免费 | 658篇 |
国内免费 | 183篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 282篇 |
大气科学 | 743篇 |
地球物理 | 2583篇 |
地质学 | 2846篇 |
海洋学 | 529篇 |
天文学 | 643篇 |
综合类 | 198篇 |
自然地理 | 389篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 11篇 |
2021年 | 57篇 |
2020年 | 41篇 |
2019年 | 43篇 |
2018年 | 515篇 |
2017年 | 450篇 |
2016年 | 387篇 |
2015年 | 234篇 |
2014年 | 220篇 |
2013年 | 274篇 |
2012年 | 769篇 |
2011年 | 537篇 |
2010年 | 225篇 |
2009年 | 274篇 |
2008年 | 231篇 |
2007年 | 227篇 |
2006年 | 190篇 |
2005年 | 905篇 |
2004年 | 955篇 |
2003年 | 710篇 |
2002年 | 202篇 |
2001年 | 106篇 |
2000年 | 80篇 |
1999年 | 48篇 |
1998年 | 33篇 |
1997年 | 49篇 |
1996年 | 30篇 |
1995年 | 17篇 |
1994年 | 26篇 |
1993年 | 17篇 |
1992年 | 14篇 |
1991年 | 18篇 |
1990年 | 24篇 |
1989年 | 16篇 |
1988年 | 14篇 |
1987年 | 14篇 |
1986年 | 15篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 18篇 |
1983年 | 14篇 |
1982年 | 13篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 10篇 |
1976年 | 8篇 |
1975年 | 15篇 |
1974年 | 14篇 |
1973年 | 10篇 |
1972年 | 10篇 |
1970年 | 7篇 |
1965年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有8213条查询结果,搜索用时 296 毫秒
971.
Günay Erpul Donald Gabriels Melis Özge Pınar Çağlar Sagun Wim Cornelis 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2021,46(14):2870-2883
The effects of wind-driven rain (WDR) on sand detachment were studied under various raindrop obliquities. Results suggested a significant reduction in compressive stress on sand surfaces for a two-dimensional experimental set-up in a wind tunnel. During experiments, sand particles in splash cups were exposed to both wind-free rain (WFR) and WDR driven by horizontal winds of 6.4, 8.9 and 12.8 m s−1 and rainfall intensities of 50, 60, 75 and 90-mm h−1 to assess the sand detachment rate (D, in g m−2 s−1). The effects of sand moisture state (dry and wet) on the detachment of different-sized particles (0.20–0.50 and 0.50–2.00 mm, respectively) were also tested. Factorial analysis of variance showed that shear and compressive stress components evaluated by horizontal and vertical kinetic energy flux terms (KEx and KEy, respectively, in J m−2 s−1) along with their vector sum (KEr, in J m−2 s−1) explained the variation in D. Neither sand size nor sand moisture was statistically significant alone although binary interactions of KEr, KEx and KEy with the sand size and three-way interaction of KEx, sand size and moisture were statistically significant. These results can be explained by size-dependent variation in sand compressibility and surface friction related to the total stress field developed by a given partition of shear and compressive stresses of wind-driven oblique raindrops (KEx/KEy). Further analysis of the variation of the unit sand detachment rate (Du = D/KEr = g J−1) with rain inclination (α, in degrees) better revealed the effect of WDR obliquity on Du that further changed with sand size class and moisture state. Finally, the difference in the resulting stress field differentiable by the oblique raindrop trajectories of the experiment over sand surface significantly affected the non-cohesive particle detachment rates, to some extent interacted with size-dependent compressibility and interface shear strength of sand grains. 相似文献
972.
973.
On December 20, 2004 the Minor Planet Center issued the Minor Planet Electronic Circular (MPEC) 2004-Y25 announcing the discovery of a new Near Earth Asteroid (NEA) with designation 2004 MN4. Only two days later, when the Christmas holidays were about to begin, it was already apparent that this asteroid, currently known as Apophis, would be notorious: our close-approach monitoring system, CLOMON2, was already showing a Virtual Impactor (VI) in 2029 reaching the level 2 in the Torino Scale, the first asteroid to reach that level since our monitoring system had been operational. However, this was just the beginning of what it was to come in the subsequent days. In this paper we will give an overview of the NEODyS-CLOMON2 system and provide the details on how Apophis’ collision scenario evolved, the way NEODyS’ team handled it and the crazy 2004’ Christmas holidays we had due to this unexpected guest. 相似文献
974.
Nataša Todorović Elena Lega Claude Froeschlé 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2008,102(1-3):13-27
Using the numerical techniques developed by Froeschlé et al. (Science 289 (5487): 2108–2110, 2000) and by Lega et al. (Physica D 182: 179–187, 2003) we have studied diffusion and stochastic properties of an a priori unstable 4D symplectic map. We have found two different kinds of diffusion that coexist for values of the perturbation below the critical value for the Chirikov overlapping of resonances. A fast diffusion along some resonant lines that exist already in the unperturbed case and a slow diffusion occurring in regions of the phase space far from such resonances. The latter one, although the system does not satisfy the Nekhoroshev hypothesis, decreases faster than a power law and possibly exponentially. We compare the diffusion coefficient to the indicators of stochasticity like the Lyapunov exponent and filling factor showing their behavior for chaotic orbits in regions of the Arnold web where the secondary resonances appear, or where they overlap. 相似文献
975.
We model the thermal evolution of a subsurface ocean of aqueous ammonium sulfate inside Titan using a parameterized convection scheme. The cooling and crystallization of such an ocean depends on its heat flux balance, and is governed by the pressure-dependent melting temperatures at the top and bottom of the ocean. Using recent observations and previous experimental data, we present a nominal model which predicts the thickness of the ocean throughout the evolution of Titan; after 4.5 Ga we expect an aqueous ammonium sulfate ocean 56 km thick, overlain by a thick (176 km) heterogeneous crust of methane clathrate, ice I and ammonium sulfate. Underplating of the crust by ice I will give rise to compositional diapirs that are capable of rising through the crust and providing a mechanism for cryovolcanism at the surface. We have conducted a parameter space survey to account for possible variations in the nominal model, and find that for a wide range of plausible conditions, an ocean of aqueous ammonium sulfate can survive to the present day, which is consistent with the recent observations of Titan's spin state from Cassini radar data [Lorenz, R.D., Stiles, B.W., Kirk, R.L., Allison, M.D., del Marmo, P.P., Iess, L., Lunine, J.I., Ostro, S.J., Hensley, S., 2008. Science 319, 1649-1651]. 相似文献
976.
Vizvári Béla Golabi Mahmoud Nedjati Arman Gümüşbuğa Ferhat Izbirak Gokhan 《Natural Hazards》2019,99(1):571-597
Natural Hazards - In this study, a relief system for a large metropolitan city exposed to serious earthquakes is designed and a top-down approach is applied. Afflicted people’s states and... 相似文献
977.
Natural Hazards - This contribution highlights that the paper presented by Ma et al. (Nat Hazards 89(2):741–756, 2017) presents VIF lower than 1 which does not coincide with the natural... 相似文献
978.
MONTA?EZ P. Isabel HU Xiumian HOU Mingcai WANG Chengshan CHEN Jitao DDE Sedimentology Palaeogeography Groups 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(Z1):52-54
正1 Introduction Sedimentary rocks archive important information for understanding how the earth system operates and how life and environments have evolved through earth history.Properly identifying characteristics of sedimentary rocks,along with the subsequent interpretation of depositional processes and sedimentary environments in a basin or locality,are fundamental to inter-basinal correlation of sedimentary successions as well as to understanding and deconvolving regional and global processes 相似文献
979.
The evolution of incised valleys is an important area of research due to the invaluable data it provides on sea‐level variations and depositional environments. In this article the sedimentary evolution of the Ría de Ferrol (north‐west Spain) from the Last Glacial Maximum to the present is reconstructed using a multidisciplinary approach, combining seismic and sedimentary facies, and supported by radiocarbon data and geochemical proxies to distinguish the elements of sedimentary architecture within the ria infill. The main objectives are: (i) to analyse the ria environment as a type of incised valley to evaluate the response of the system to the different drivers; (ii) to investigate the major controlling factors; and (iii) to explore the differentiation between rias and estuaries. As a consequence of the sea‐level rise subsequent to the Last Glacial Maximum (ca 20 kyr bp ), an extensive basin, drained by a braided palaeoriver, evolved into a tide‐dominated estuary and finally into a ria environment. Late Pleistocene and Holocene high‐frequency sea‐level variations were major factors that modulated the type of depositional environments and their evolution. Another major modulating factor was the antecedent morphology of the ria, with a rock‐incised narrow channel in the middle of the basin (the Ferrol Strait), which influenced the evolution of the ria as it became flooded during Holocene transgression. The strait acted as a rock‐bounded ‘tidal inlet’ enhancing the tidal erosion and deposition at both ends, i.e. with an ebb‐tidal delta in the outer sector and tidal sandbanks in the inner sector. The final step in the evolution of the incised valley into the modern‐defined ria system was driven by the last relative sea‐level rise (after 4 kyr bp ) when the river mouths retreated landward and a single palaeoriver was converted into minor rivers and streams with scattered mouths in an extensive coastal area. 相似文献
980.
The coastal plain of the Río de la Plata constitutes a large wetland which develops on the right margin of the river estuary. Anthropic activities such as intensive exploitation of groundwater carried out in the vicinity of the wetland can modify the natural hydrological regime. The aim of this work is to asses the effects of intensive aquifer exploitation in coastal wetlands using hydrogeological models. Such models allow to evaluate changes in the environmental conditions of wetland at regional level. The hydrogeological model exposed in this work shows how the intensive groundwater exploitation affects the wetland area, generating important variations both in the groundwater flows and in the salinity of the groundwater. Identification of these modifications to the environment is important to generate guidelines leading to minimize these affectations. 相似文献