A Prediction Method of Internal Solitary Wave Loads on the Semi- Submersible Platform

An investigation into the prediction method for internal solitary waves (ISWs) loads on the columns and caissons of the semi-submersible platform found on three kinds of internal solitary wave theories and the modified Morison Equation is described. The characteristics of loads exerted on the semi-submersible platform model caused by the ISWs have been observed experimentally, and the inertial and drag coefficients in Morison Equation are determined by analyzing the forces of experiments. From the results, it is of interest to find that Reynolds number, KC number and layer thickness ratio have a considerable influence on the coefficients. The direction of incoming waves, however, is almost devoid of effects on the coefficients. The drag coefficient of columns varies as an exponential function of Reynolds number, and inertia coefficient of columns is a power function related to KC number. Meanwhile, the drag coefficient of caissons is approximately constant in terms of regression analysis of experimental data. The results from different experimental conditions reveal that the inertia coefficient of caissons appears to be exponential correlated with upper layer depths.

     

Oceanic internal solitary waves at the Indonesian submarine wreckage site

<正>On 21 April 2021 local time(20 April UTC), the Indonesian Navy submarine(KRI Nanggala-402) sank near the Lombok Strait, ～100 km north of the Bali Island(see magenta star in Fig. 1a),with 53 crew members dead. On the basis of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) satellite images(Jackson, 2007),     

抛石防波堤人工护面块体强度模拟研究

本文主要研究了混凝土人工护面块体在模型试验中的强度模拟问题，根据不同比尺要求的强度指标，确定新型材料组成成份及其配比，并针对已有防波堤护面块体的破坏情况，进行了水槽模型验证试验。     

超声波对海带配子体克隆的作用

研究了超声波对海带配子体克隆粉碎效果、存活率及生长发育的作用。实验表明：在４００Ｗ处理３０ｓ后再用２００Ｗ处理６０ｓ,海带配子体克隆簇状体的粉碎效果较好：培养７天时细胞日生长速率为０．１５７;大量扩增７天雌、雄配子体克隆的鲜重增重最大为３．４７０ｇ：培养１４天雌性配子体克隆发育率为５２．１％。可作为一种快速、高速、简便的粉碎海带配子体克隆簇状体,制备单细胞悬液的方法。     

乳品厂污水养殖螺旋藻的研究

探讨了螺旋藻在乳品厂污水中生长的生态条件及藻对污水中营养盐及有机质的去除效率。结果表明,低接种密度有利于藻的增殖。乳品厂污水需要经过一定的前处理。添另碳酸钠（ＮａＣＯ３）调节ＰＨ值并且适量添加尿素（ＣＯ（ＮＨ２）２）调节氮、磷比,最佳ＰＨ值为１０．６０,最佳氮、磷比为２１：１。在此条件下螺旋藻的蛋白质含量可达６７．３５％。污水中ＣＯＤ、ＰＯ４－Ｐ、Ｔ－Ｐ、Ｔ－Ｎ及ＮＨ４－Ｎ的去除率分别达到５４．８     

崎岖列岛海区的水文泥沙及其峡道效应

崎岖列岛位于杭州湾口北部海域,恰处长江口外海滨段南缘,是最靠近上海的岸外岛屿群(图1).对于近岸海区的水动力和泥沙条件的研究是港口航道工程建设和近岸海洋资源开发的一个重要方面.崎岖列岛海区的水文泥沙特征,是在该地区建设紧邻上海的岸外大型深水港及其航道迫切需要深入了解的重要问题之一.峡道通常是指其两侧为陆地或岛屿,两端与较宽阔海域沟通的狭长的海峡通道.峡道在水动力、泥沙、沉积和地形等多方面所产生的综合效应,即峡道效应.由南、北两列岛屿群构成的崎岖列岛其间水域形成了一定的峡道特征,这对峡道及其周围海区的水文泥沙必然产生一定的影响.     

南黄海自生黄铁矿成因及其环境指示意义

样品为１９８９年采自南黄海，利用显微镜，电子显微镜，电子探针和化学分析方法，对自生黄铁矿的形态，成份和同位素特征进行研究，在此基础上就其成因与形成环境的关系进行初步探讨。研究结果表明，自生黄铁矿集合体形态可以分为聚莓，单莓和细粒３种，霉体特征的形态是早期成岩作用阶段沉积物随机堆积的结果，可以作了沉积成因黄铁矿的形态标型黄铁矿微量成份特征显示其沉积成因，同时亦表现对泥质沉积物地球化学背景值的继承性，     

海上溢油油膜厚度实验室模拟和理论模型对比研究

溢油量是衡量溢油规模的关键指标,是处理溢油事故的重要依据。油膜厚度是确定溢油量的基本前提,是一个尚未解决的国际难题。实验室中模拟了不同阶段和不同环境条件下扩展油膜的厚度变化特征。结果表明,实验室模拟与理论模型分析具有基本一致的变化趋势,扩展速度与扩展时间成反比;温度是影响油膜厚度的重要因素,相同条件下,温度越高,油膜厚度越小;海水盐度会影响溢油扩展,但这种影响并未延伸到对油膜厚度的控制上。由于实验室模拟限定在平静海面条件下,并未考虑风和海流等扩展中不容忽视的因素,故与理论构建模型相比系数相差较大。通过对比分析,前期构建的理论模型更能准确地反映海洋溢油的实际情况,加之在实例验证中的较高准确性,该模型具有业务化实施和广泛推广的潜力。     

Petroleum-related hydrocarbons in deep and subsurface sediments from South-Western Barents Sea

Subsurface sediments from a pockmark area in South-Western Barents Sea have been earlier found to contain elevated levels of petroleum-related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. This work describes a comprehensive analysis of various biomarkers, including the highly source-specific hopanes, in a 4.5?m long gravity core from the same area, together with subsurface sediment samples from other areas in the region without pockmarks present ("background samples"). A clear difference between the pockmark gravity core and the background sediment cores was found, both with regard to genesis and the level of transformation of organic matter. A number of indicator parameters, such as methylphenanthrene index (MPI-1), point towards a significantly higher maturity of hydrocarbons in the pockmark core throughout its length as compared to the other sampled locations. Higher contents of microbial hopanoids (hopenes) may indicate the former presence of petroleum. These findings confirm the hypothesis of a natural hydrocarbon source in the deeper strata present in the studied location with pockmarks.     

Calanoid copepods assemblages in Pearl River Estuary of China in summer: Relationships between species distribution and environmental variables

To study the relationships between species distribution and environmental variables, calanoid copepods were classified and enumerated, and environmental variables were analyzed along 91 sites of the Pearl River Estuary (China) and adjacent waters. The 91 sites were divided into 3 groups based on surface salinity: the Inner area had salinity level below 10‰ and was mostly located in the Pearl River Estuary, the Coastal area had salinity between 10‰ and 32‰ and was almost located along the coastline, while the Offshore area had salinity level higher than 32‰ and was mainly located in the open area. Indicator Species Analysis was conducted to identify the indicator species within each group from among all calanoid copepods taxa. We found that the Inner area was characterized by Acartiella sinensis, Pseudodiaptomus poplesia and Pseudodiaptomus inopinus, the coastal area was characterized by Temora turbinata and Subeucalanus subcrassus, and the Offshore area was characterized by Paracandacia truncata, Subeucalanus subtenuis, Euchaeta rimana, Pareucalanus attenuatus, Rhincalanus cornutus, Cosmocalanus darwini, Centropages gracilis, Undinula vulgaris, Nannocalanus minor and Paraeuchaeta russelli. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was used to identify relevant biotic and abiotic parameters that can best explain the distribution of calanoid copepods. CCA showed that during the summer of 2006, salinity, nutrient variables, especially SiO₃–Si, NO₃–N and DTN, Depth and Chl a were the environmental variables that strongly impacted the distribution and community structure of calanoid copepods.