测量机器人在金坪子滑坡变形监测中的应用

介绍了测量机器人在金坪子滑坡变形监测中的应用,分析了其误差来源和适用范围,实现了金坪子滑坡变形监测.     

阿克苏前寒武纪蓝片岩原岩产出的大地构造背景

阿克苏蓝片岩地体位于塔里木盆地西北缘。在其东南侧蓝片岩与上覆震旦纪地层不整合接触,因此被认为是目前世界上仅有的两个有确切证据的前寒武纪蓝片岩之一。过去人们对这个地区的工作主要围绕高压变质的同位素定年展开,若干个年龄数据均表明阿克苏蓝片岩的俯冲折返过程发生在新元古代。但是关于俯冲之前蓝片岩原岩产出的大地构造环境,目前还缺乏研究。本文通过对研究区内基性片岩的地球化学分析,得出蓝片岩原岩主要是洋壳玄武岩的结论。样品硅含量和一系列玄武岩不活动元素分类图解表明所有样品的原岩是拉斑玄武岩。由于明显的元素含量差异,样品被划分为A、B两组。稀土元素配分曲线、原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图以及常见的玄武岩大地构造判别图解都表明A组样品具有异常洋脊玄武岩的特征,而B组样品具有正常洋脊玄武岩的特征。阿克苏蓝片岩的原岩是新元古代邻近塔里木的某一洋壳的残片,它作为俯冲带增生楔的一部分经历深俯冲—折返过程,最终出露于地表。     

辽东半岛早第三纪饮马湾山辉长岩体的基本特征及岩浆结晶过程

辽东半岛饮马湾山辉长岩体为早第三纪晚期的侵入岩体,是东北地区最年轻的镁铁质侵入体之一.对该岩体进行了岩石学和地球化学方面的研究,并采用PELE(硅酸岩熔体结晶计算软件)模拟了岩浆结晶过程.研究表明,饮马湾山辉长岩具有高的Al2O3含量(16.28%～19.27%)和低的MgO含量(3.63%～5.57%),属于高铝玄武质.该辉长岩主要造岩矿物有橄榄石、单斜辉石、磁铁矿、钛铁矿、黑云母、斜长石和钾长石.辉长岩所具有的辉绿辉长结构、大量细长针状磷灰石、单斜辉石中较低的AlⅥ/AlⅣ值(0.00～0.28,平均为0.12)及橄榄石中较低的CaO含量(0.04%～0.24%,平均为0.12%),均体现出浅成侵入岩的特点.PELE硅酸岩熔体结晶模拟结果和岩石结构特征表明,辉长岩中矿物结晶顺序依次为:斜长石、橄榄石、磁铁矿、单斜辉石、钛铁矿、磷灰石、黑云母、钾长石.该辉长岩是高铝玄武质岩浆快速侵位至近地表处冷却结晶的产物,可能是该地区新生代强烈的岩浆底侵作用在浅部的表现.     

航摄像片像点位移的精度分析

通过分析航空摄影测量规范和像点位移误差对航测成图精度的影响,认为造成这一问题的主要原因是我国航空摄影测量规范没有对像点位移误差做出相应的合理限制,而由像点位移误差导致的。     

基于nu-SVR的网络RTK综合误差模型

综合利用网络RTK中所有基准站的误差信息,在网络RTK系统的覆盖范围内,用支持向量机中的nu-SVR方法建立了一个统一的综合误差模型,并根据此综合误差模型直接改正流动站的实测数据.建模分析表明,采用该方法能获得较好的流动站定位结果.     

基于RFID的室内定位技术的开发与研究

阐述了对基于射频识别(RFID)的室内定位技术的研究结果,基于该原理的研究成果,以无线局域网为媒介、以C#编程开发实现了基于信号能量指标(RSSI)测距的室内定位应用程序,并设计测试方案对其定位误差进行测试与分析。经测试,该程序定位误差在2.5m以内,长时间解算值方差在0.04以内,证明了该技术实现室内定位的可行性。     

粗差拟准检定方法探查网络RTK模糊度

为了提高网络RTK基准站间模糊度检验和修正的精度,该文提出用粗差拟准检定(QUAD)方法来探测错误固定的模糊度:将固定错误的模糊度判定为观测值的粗差,并对粗差准确定位定值,最后根据模糊度的波长计算模糊度的大小。实验结果表明当少量模糊度出现纳伪错误时,该方法可以实时探测并修正错误固定的模糊度。     

改进总体最小二乘迭代解法在病态平差模型中的应用

讨论了总体最小二乘法在解病态矩阵中的问题。利用改进后的总体最小二乘迭代算法研究测量平差在病态方程中的应用。实验证明,该算法解决了方程的病态性,且精度与最小二乘方法具有一致性。     

基于z坐标海洋模式的全球正压潮波数值模拟研究

The performance of a z-level ocean model, the Modular Ocean Model Version 4(MOM4), is evaluated in terms of simulating the global tide with different horizontal resolutions commonly used by climate models. The performance using various sets of model topography is evaluated. The results show that the optimum filter radius can improve the simulated co-tidal phase and that better topography quality can lead to smaller rootmean square(RMS) error in simulated tides. Sensitivity experiments are conducted to test the impact of spatial resolutions. It is shown that the model results are sensitive to horizontal resolutions. The calculated absolute mean errors of the co-tidal phase show that simulations with horizontal resolutions of 0.5° and 0.25° have about 35.5% higher performance compared that with 1° model resolution. An internal tide drag parameterization is adopted to reduce large system errors in the tidal amplitude. The RMS error of the best tuned 0.25° model compared with the satellite-altimetry-constrained model TPXO7.2 is 8.5 cm for M_2. The tidal energy fluxes of M_2 and K_1 are calculated and their patterns are in good agreement with those from the TPXO7.2. The correlation coefficients of the tidal energy fluxes can be used as an important index to evaluate a model skill.     

An Artificial Neural Network-Based Response Surface Method for Reliability Analyses of c-? Slopes with Spatially Variable Soil

This paper presents an artificial neural network (ANN)-based response surface method that can be used to predict the failure probability of c-? slopes with spatially variable soil. In this method, the Latin hypercube sampling technique is adopted to generate input datasets for establishing an ANN model; the random finite element method is then utilized to calculate the corresponding output datasets considering the spatial variability of soil properties; and finally, an ANN model is trained to construct the response surface of failure probability and obtain an approximate function that incorporates the relevant variables. The results of the illustrated example indicate that the proposed method provides credible and accurate estimations of failure probability. As a result, the obtained approximate function can be used as an alternative to the specific analysis process in c-? slope reliability analyses.