几种鲆鲽鱼类精子超微结构及生理特性的比较研究

借助透射电镜分别对石鲽(Kareius bicoloratus)、大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus L.)和牙鲆(Paralich- thys olivaceus)成熟精子的超微结构进行了比较研究,进一步测定了石鲽和牙鲆精子的基本生理特性,并研究了17℃和4℃保存精子的活力变化。结果显示3种鱼类精子均为有鞭毛精子,无顶体,尾部轴丝9+2型。不同之处包括:成熟精子的核致密度不同,以石鲽最高,大菱鲆和牙鲆则较低;在大菱鲆和牙鲆精子头部,核前端侧面都有一缺刻状结构,石鲽精子未发现此结构;头部核膜与质膜之间的细胞质含量以大菱鲆的最多;精子中段的线粒体数量不同,大菱鲆较多(10个左右),石鲽次之(8个左右),牙鲆最少,仅为5个左右;中段植入窝深度不同,以大菱鲆陷入核中最深,其他2种比较接近。石鲽和牙鲆精液的pH值比较接近。精子密度以牙鲆较高,为10.18×10~9个/mL±3.37×10~9个/mL。牙鲆和石鲽精子活力的保存时间在17℃下分别为48 h和36 h,4℃下分别为7 d和8 d。精子活力完全失去之前,随着保存时间的延长,精子的激活率和寿命逐渐下降,而涡动时间则相差不大。     

波浪场中污染物混合系数的实验研究

海岸区域的波浪引起的污染物的输移扩散存在不同于水流的情况特征.通过物理模型实验研究了不破碎波浪和破碎波浪中污染物输移扩散的混合系数,提出了确定混合系数的方法,给出了不破碎波浪和破碎波浪两种情况下混合系数经验公式,并与他人的结果进行了对比,结果吻合.     

栉孔扇贝不同组织SOD、CAT和MPO活力的比较分析

对2龄和3龄栉孔扇贝外套膜、鳃、消化盲囊、肾、闭壳肌、性腺组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活力分析表明,检测组织均存在这三种酶,且在不同组织中活力表现存在明显差别,其中肾组织SOD、CAT活力最高,而MPO在消化盲囊中表现最高活力,与其它组织相比均呈显著性差异(P＜0.05).不同贝龄的栉孔扇贝酶活力比较表明,三龄贝各组织SOD、CAT和MPO活力均高于二龄贝.     

南方RTK 9800常见问题的处理

对国产GPS南方RTK9800在实际应用过程中遇到的常见问题进行阐述,并在深入研究后,提出了较好的解决办法供同型号仪器使用者参考.     

基于GIS的资源环境承载力评价与空间布局优化—以荣成市为例

随着工业化、城镇化、农业现代化和信息化的进程加快,我国面临的资源环境承载规模将进一步扩大,经济社会活动强度也将更高,人口、资源、环境之间的矛盾与冲突将不可避免地日趋激烈,因此开展资源环境承载力评估研究十分必要。以荣成市为研究对象,建立了资源环境承载力评价指标体系,基于GIS技术实现了属性数据的空间化,完成了各项指数的计算,分析了荣成市资源环境承载力状况。在资源环境承载力评价的基础上,分乡镇对荣成市土地空间布局进行优化,并形成综合分区引导。研究结论显示,荣成市资源环境基础性评价为可载,基于水资源系统的综合承载状态判定为临界,基于生态条件与环境质量系统的综合承载状态判定为可载。基于评价结果结合区位特点,荣成市各乡镇可按新兴产业、制造业、服务业,生态旅游业,生态农业,生态林业4个方向引导开发。     

Karyological analysis of the sea cicada Blepharipoda liberate Shen from the Rizhao intertidal zone,China

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Blepharipoda liberate Shen is a commercially valuable seafood species that has important ecological significance in Shandong Province, China. Although B....     

Analysis of Multiple Tourist Agents’ Symbiotic Relationship on the View of Tourist Enterprises Based on a Grey Correlation Model: A Case Study of Qinghai Lake,China

Tourism symbiosis is a social phenomenon consisting of many complex factors, and the reciprocal cooperation among multiple tourist agents at tourist destinations is the crux of the sustainable development of tourism. This study is from the perspective of tourist enterprises, and introduces the Symbiosis Theory of genecology. A quantitative evaluation is used to analyze both the equilibrium state of the combined symbiotic behavior routes and the behavior patterns of tourist enterprises with local governments, community residents, tourists and tourist enterprises around Qinghai Lake. The findings reveal: (1) the symbiotic behavior routes of the multiple tourist agents “E→G-R-T-E” in the Qinghai Lake area are constituted of intense symbiotic indications, while the maximum dimensionality of symbiotic interest of “E→G-R-T-E” is still in the state of disequilibrium and dissymmetry; (2) the symbiotic model of multiple tourist agents “E→G-R-T-E” in the Qinghai Lake area is an asymmetrically positive symbiotic model. It is proposed that, by establishing symbiotic mechanisms for guidance, decisions, supervisory control and profit distribution, the participation mechanism for multiple agents “E-G-R-T” can be further standardized. Moreover, tourist enterprises should be regarded as the primary agents to optimize the symbiotic model for “E→G-R-T-E” through the reinforcement of integrative supply and the construction of integrative effect, and finally promote the integrative symbiotic model of symmetrical reciprocity of the E-R-G-T model “driven by scenic areas, responsive to community residents, affected by local governments and enjoyed by tourists.”     

中国半干旱草原施氮梯度下的土壤激发效应（英文）

为了探究施氮对土壤有机质(SOM)的激发效应,本研究在施氮梯度样地(0、4和16 g N m^–2 yr^–1)上进行了¹³C标记葡萄糖的原位添加实验,并对土壤CO_2排放量和磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)含量进行了测定。研究发现施氮降低了土壤CO_2排放、土壤PLFA含量以及土壤真菌细菌比。在0 g N m^–2 yr^–1样地上葡萄糖添加导致的正向激发效应最强,同时4 g N m^–2 yr^–1样地释放的葡萄糖来源的碳最多。因此,施氮减少了土壤中SOM转化产生的CO_2,微生物碳的来源由SOM转变为添加的易分解碳。本研究采样早期土壤微生物生物量和群落结构稳定,表明该草原存在"表观激发效应",因此未来研究应着重对微生物功能的多样性进行探讨。     

Soil Respiration Dynamics and Influencing Factors in Typical Steppe of Inner Mongolia under Long-term Nitrogen Addition

We investigated soil respiration (Rs) dynamics and influencing factors under different nitrogen (N) addition levels (0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 g m^-2 yr^-1) on typical grassland plots in Inner Mongolia. We measured soil respiration, temperature, moisture and nutrients. We found that N addition did not change dynamic characteristics of Rs; daily and seasonal dynamics followed a single peak curve. N addition reduced Rs during the growing season. Rs under N2, N4, N8, N16 and N32 treatments decreased by 24.00%, 21.93%, 23.49%, 30.78% and 28.20% in the growing season, respectively, compared to the N0 treatment. However, Rs in the non-growing season was not different across treatments. Rs was significantly positively correlated with soil temperature and moisture and these two factors accounted for 72%-97% and 74%-82% of variation in Rs, respectively. The soil respiration temperature sensitivity (Q₁₀) was between 2.27 and 4.16 and N addition reduced Q₁₀ except in the N8 treatment.     

基于WRF的黄渤海海雾数值模拟参数化方案研究

对数值模拟的研究现状进行了总结梳理,分析了已有研究的不足,并根据研究目标在已有研究结论基础上有针对性地设计了敏感性实验方案。经过与实地观测的结果对比来看,与海雾模拟密切相关的边界层参数化方案中的YSU方案对我国黄渤海海区的不同强度海雾均具有良好的适用性,而长波辐射方案中的Fu-Liou-Gu方案则具有更好的普适性,在这种核心方案配置下的模拟结果均可满足一般科学研究与预报业务的需求。