小尺度地形阻塞作用的数值试验

本文采用数值试验方法,讨论了一个高度只有200m的小尺度地形的阻塞作用,表明当大气低层的平均风速和温度层结使得Froude数小于1时,就有可能在地形的上风向形成阻塞。本文共试验了一般稳定层结、深厚逆温和浅薄逆温几种情况,讨论了数值结果和Froude数判别式之间的差异和原因,并计算了阻塞发生时的浓度分布。     

TRANSIENT EM ANALOGUE MODELLING FOR KOREAN TREASURE HUNTING WITH THE SIROTEM SYSTEM1

The inductive transient electromagnetic method (TEM) shows good potential for the detection of metallic relics of historical interest, such as buried antique bells, Buddhist idols, or precious metal nuggets. The effectiveness of the method was investigated with analogue models, using transmitter-receiver loop configurations with sizes or receiver spacings slightly different from those usually applied in earth resources exploration with the Sirotem system. The analogue modelling results show that the location and depth of the buried treasure may be obtained from the Sirotem data. A solid metallic object such as an antique bell could be detected to a depth about 12 times greater than its size, and treasure consisting of separate metallic objects, such as gold nuggets, could be detected to a depth 5 times its linear dimensions with a transmitter current of ? 20 A. In scaling down the dimensions of a target, its conductivity should be increased in order to preserve the same TEM conditions found in the field. However, since the buried treasure consists of gold or copper objects, it is not possible to properly scale the conductivity. Hence, in the field, the depth detection limit is expected to be greater than that derived from analogue modelling.     

冬季城市边界层风场和温度场结构分析

本文根据沈阳地区大气环境容量研究中1984年12月所进行的观测,对沈阳城市边界层的流场和温度场结构做了分析。得出了冬季城市边界层的一些特征。当地面风速微弱时,热岛效应显著。边界层低层辐合抬升,在城市下风边缘可能出现反向气流。当风速较强时,城市的摩擦效应占优势,城市上风部分辐合抬升,下风部分辐散下沉。观测分析还表明,城市建筑对气流的阻滞作用可伸展到几百米的高度。夜间微风时,接地逆温层厚度可达200m,城市内边界层从上风边缘起开始发展,厚度可达100m。白天风力微弱时,重烟尘污染可导致城市冷岛,并推迟对流边界层的发展。     

四川盆地东部海相三叠系稳定同位素地球化学及地质解释

四川盆地东部(以下简称川东)海相三叠系地层广泛分布,与其有关的油气、盐卤、天青石及硬石膏等矿产资源丰富,是一个具有重要经济价值的层位。笔者于1981—1985年间在20万km~2范围的盐类矿产普查工作中,采集了近150件零星样品进行碳、氧、硫稳定同位素分析(图1),积累的数据展示了在极其复杂的地史背景下各种地质-地球化学作用产生的物质交换效应及同位素分馏,形成不同元素在不同层位(地质体)的丰度特征,拟结合     

强震现场流动无线遥测地震台网观测系统的研制

描述了强震现场流动无线遥测地震台网观测系统的技术设计，系统构成，工作原理及应用。     

A THEORETICAL STUDY ON THE URBAN HEAT ISLAND EFFECT

The atmospheric thermodynamic equations are solved analytically to study the urban circulation caused by city heating.The perturbed flow and temperature fields are obtained and compared with observational facts from some urban boundary experiments.The agreement between the theoretical and observational results shows that this study may shed light on the physical characteristics of heat island circulation.     

数字卫星云图估算面雨量的应用试验

使用云分类降水率估计的方法，有静止气象卫星数字云图进行面雨量估算。对１９９３年８月４日华北南部一次降水过程的实测雨量与估算结果的对比分析表明，这种估算方法对雨区的差别有相当高的精度，对雨量的估计有一定的参考价值。     

Mineralogical study of spinel-lherzolite inclusions from basalts in southern and eastern China

Ten spinel-lherzolite inclusions and one olivine-websterite inclusion, which were collected from Fujian, Jiangsu, Hebei and Yunnan Provinces, consist of olivine (FΦ_87.7–91.2), enstatite (En_87.3–89.7), Cr-diopside and spinel. According to the Mg/(Mg+Fe²⁺) ratios in the rocks and their mineralogies, they are designated to the Cr-diopside type. The websterite is composed of bronzite (En_71.9) and augite, while the gabbro-norite consists of hypersthene (En_68.9) and augite, belonging to the Al-augite type. The geothermos of spinel-lherzolites were calculated with four geothermometric methods, giving a temperature range of 925°–1,072°C. However, according to P. R. A. Wells' method, temperatures range from 845δ to 1,014°C, and by D. H. Lindsly's approach, from 716°–974°C. Pressures range from 15.1 to 19.8 kb. Genetically, Spinel-lherzolites and olivine-websterite are thought to have been derived from residual mantle material by partial melting at approximately 1,000°C and at a depth of about 50–70 km. Websterite and gabbro-norite may be products of the crystallization-differentiation of alkali basaltic magma.     

松辽盆地舍伯吐地区第三系砂体层间氧化-还原过渡带发育特征及其含铀性

松辽盆地是上叠于海西褶皱带基底之上的中新生代陆相沉积盆地。舍伯吐地区位于松辽盆地西南部，区内上第三系松散堆积层赋存有3层稳定的砂体。砂体中均发育有不同规模的区域性层间氧化带。经钻探揭露，榆树屯地段Ⅱ层砂体的层间氧化-还原过渡带比较典型，并有铀和钼的次生富集，这一发现为松辽盆地找矿工作的突破展现了良好的前景。     

陇南伏期旱涝指数及预测模型

从陇南气候规律及农业生产实际出发，制定出客观定量衡量陇南伏期旱涝特征的旱涝指数，并利用1967－1996年旱涝指数，用EOF对陇南伏期旱涝进行分片，分析其时空分布特征，建立各片伏期旱涝均生函数预测模型，通过应用，预报准确率有较大提高。