中国天然气进口的空间格局分析

文章从中国发展低碳经济的需要出发,指出天然气是一种理想的高效清洁能源,是发展低碳能源的首选。通过分析中国天然气供不应求、世界天然气供过于求的市场现状,以及世界天然气资源的分布,提出中国从其周边国家进口天然气符合经济高效原则。中国从国外进口天然气主要有四条路线,即中亚输入通道;缅甸输入通道;俄罗斯输入通道;海上输入通道（重点分析了澳大利亚输入通道）。文章对此四条路线格局及其地缘优势进行了分析,认为中国天然气进口的空间格局已基本形成,这将对我国未来发展低碳经济和保护环境起重要的促进作用。     

Nutrient compositions of cultured Skeletonema costatum,Chaetoceros curvisetus,and Thalassiosira nordenskildii

We cultured different-sized fractions of dominant phytoplankton species,Skeletonema costatum,Chaetoceros curvisetus,and Thalassiosira nordenski ldii,collected in different sea areas in various seasons,and measured and compared their C,N,P,Si contents.The N content of these species is similar,while the C,P,and Si contents of S.costatum from eutrophic Changjiang (Yangtze River) estuary are higher than those from Jiaozhou Bay (JZB),particularly the content of Si.The C,N,P,and Si contents of cultured phytoplank...     

我国开发区建设存在的问题及对策

通过对"十一五"期间环境保护部环境工程评估中心受理审核的各类开发区及其所含建设项目环境影响评价文件的分析可以发现,受地方利益驱动和规划管控不力等因素影响,我国开发区建设中存在的问题非常突出,主要表现在空间扩张冲动难以遏制、土地利用粗放、引资质量和水平不高、区域空间开发秩序混乱、环境风险突出、基础设施建设滞后等。从区域可持续发展的角度出发,建议对现有开发区进行清理整顿,加强入园企业准入管理,进行区域产业整合,优化开发区布局以及加强园区基础设施建设。     

手持GPS/PDA数码调绘系统在地形数据生产中的应用研究

为满足使用手持GPS/PDA进行1∶10 000地形图野外调绘生产,以适应大面积、规模化基础测绘的要求,对GPS/PDA全野外调绘试生产进行总结和分析,提出相关的技术要求,为利用手持GPS/PDA进行野外调绘提供参考。     

数字城市地理空间框架建设项目三维城市模型建设技术研究

通过研究数字城市构建的目的、意义,确定三维城市建设先进性、规范性、开发性的建设原则,从三维城市模型建设的关键问题入手,针对城市大范围模型构建的特点,选择自动建模和精细建模两种方式,并讨论两种建模方法的优缺点,以及纹理大小、模型构建精细程度、不同地物的建模要求等问题。     

三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷哈尔加乌组火山岩旋回与期次划分

为研究三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷哈尔加乌组火山岩油气藏的分布特征,需对火山岩的旋回和期次进行划分。通过薄片鉴定、单井喷发韵律识别、电性特征分析和地震反射特征分析对哈尔加乌组火山岩旋回和期次进行了厘定,认为哈尔加乌组火山岩主要为熔岩类和火山碎屑岩类,发育溢流相、由爆发相过渡为溢流相、爆发相、熔岩与火山碎屑岩或沉火山碎屑岩互层4种韵律类型,其中溢流相为主要韵律类型。对不同韵律进行组合,可将哈尔加乌组火山岩划分为4个喷发期次,4个喷发期次又可以组合为2个喷发亚旋回,该时期火山喷发主要呈现出喷发-宁静-喷发-宁静的过程。     

分形几何在岩土力学研究中的过去、现在与未来

首先简略地介绍了分形几何理论及其方法。从岩土材料结构的定量描述、流体在岩土体中的渗流问题、岩土材料强度的分形模型和分形空间的力学特征四个方面叙述了分形理论在岩土力学研究中取得的成果及应用。指出只有将岩土力学系统在欧氏空间的各种基本变量、原理和方法向分形空间推广和拓展,才能产生对岩土材料非线性力学行为的新认识,这也是分形理论在岩土力学研究中进一步深化的基础。     

昆虫多样性：一个被忽略的全球性重要问题

昆虫不仅是世界上最多的物种,同时也对生态系统功能和全球经济有着十分重要的作用。因此,昆虫多样性的保护对全球来说都有着十分重要的意义。然而,昆虫多样性常被＂生物多样性＂研究者们所忽略, 昆虫多样性与植物、气候变化的关系更是不明确。本文对将来昆虫多样性的研究方向提出了几点建议,基于中国北部两大典型的森林生态系统——东北长白山地区和华北东灵山地区。这两大地区的植被和气候已经有长期并且完整的调查,而对于其中昆虫多样性的了解却不多。因此在这两个地区开展研究认识昆虫多样性格局和进一步分析昆虫和植物的关系具有重要的科学和应用价值。     

Tectonic Taphrogenesis and Paleoseismic Records from the Yishu Fault Zone in the Initial Stage of the Caledonian Movement

The Yishu fault zone (mid-segment of the Tanlu fault zone) was formed in the Presinian. Periodic tectonic activities and strong seismic events have occurred along the fault zone. During the initial stage of the Caledonian Movement, with the proceeding of the marine transgression from the Yishu paleo-channel to the western Shandong, uneven thick sediments, composed mainly of sand, mud and carbonates of littoral, lagoon, and neritic facies, were deposited in the Yishu fault zone and western Shandong, and constructed the bottom part of the Lower Cambrian consisting of the Liguan and Zhushadong formations. Through field observations and the lab-examinations, various paleoseismic records have been discovered in the Liguan Formation and the Zhushadong Formations of the Yishu fault zone and its vicinity, including some layers with syn-sedimentary deformation structures that were triggered by strong earthquakes (i.e. seismite, seismo-olistostrome, and seismo-turbidite). Paleoseismic records developed in the Zhushadong Formation are mainly seismites with soft-sediment deformation structures, such as liquefied diapir, small liquefied-carbonate lime-mud volcano, liquefied vein, liquefied breccia, convolute deformation (seismic fold), graded fault, soft siliceous vein, and deformation stromatolite, as well as seismites with brittle deformation structures of semiconsolidated sediments. Paleoseismic records preserved in the Liguan Formation are not only seismo-olistostrome with a slump fold, load structure, and ball-and-pillows, but also seismo-turbidite with convolution bedding, graded bedding and wavy-bedding. However, in the western Shandong area, the closer to the Yishu fault zone, the greater the thickness of the Liguan Formation and the Zhushadong Formation, the greater the number and type of layers with paleoseismic records, and the higher the earthquake intensity reflected by associations of seismic records. This evidence indicates that tectonic taphrogenesis accompanied by strong earthquake events occurred in the Yishu fault zone during the initial stage of the Caledonian Movement, which embodied the break-up of the Sino-Korean Plate along the Paleo-Tanlu fault zone at that time.     

近44 a宁夏严重干燥事件对气候变暖的响应

 利用1961—2004年宁夏20个测站逐日降水资料，分析近44 a来不同时间尺度严重干燥事件对气候变暖的响应特征。结果表明：宁夏发生严重干燥事件的频次高，持续时间长，自北向南逐渐减少。冬季出现频次远高于其他季节，跨季节出现最多的是秋冬两季和秋冬春三季；在川区春小麦和山区冬小麦生长的农事关键期，严重干燥事件频发对其生长造成严重影响，夏季偶发的严重干燥事件会导致严重的旱灾发生；小波分析表明，严重干燥事件存在8 a左右的振荡周期。在全球气候变暖背景下，发生严重干燥事件的次数明显增多，尤其是n≥90 d的严重干燥事件在20世纪90年代中期明显进入增多阶段，目前正处于高发时段，进一步印证了极端干旱气候事件频发的事实。