一种新的海洋经济微藻——粉核油球藻

以Pinguiococcuspyrenoidosus CCMP 2004为实验藻种,研究分析了藻粉的基本生化组成和培养周期中PUFAs组成与含量的动态变化.结果表明,该藻的蛋白质量分数为37.54%,粗脂肪为27.45%,其中PUFAs包括18:2,18:3,18:4,20:4(AA,Arachidonic acid),20:5(EPA,Eicosapentaenoic acid),22:4(DTA,Docosatetraenoic acid)和22:6(DHA,Docosahexaenoic acid).该藻PUFAs的组成特征是EPA含量高,质量分数为20.93%,其他不饱和脂肪酸(16 : 3,16:4,18:3和18 : 4)的含量极微.分析结果显示粉核油球藻的营养价值较高,是一种新的具有商业化开发潜力的海洋微藻.     

Accumulation of petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals in clams （Ruditapes philippinarum） in Jiaozhou Bay, China

Accumulation and distributions of aliphatic and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals were measured in tissues of the clam Ruditapes philippinarum collected from 5 sites in Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao, China. The concentrations of total aliphatic hydrocarbon and PAHs ranged from 570 to 2 574 ng/gdw (gram dry weight) and from 276 to 939 ng/gdw, in the most and least polluted sites, respectively. The bio-accumulation of hydrocarbons and PAHs in the clams appeared to be selective. Aliphatic hydrocarbons were predominantly represented by short chain (<nC₂₃) n-alkanes, suggesting that petroleum hydrocarbons were likely the major contamination source. The selective uptake of 3 and 4 ring PAHs, such as naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene, by the clams was probably related to the physiological and bio-kinetic processes that were energetically favorable for uptake of compounds with fewer rings. Accumulation of the metals Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Hg, and As in the clam tissues also showed high variability, ranging from 0.043 to 87 μg/gdw. Among the 7 detected metals, Zn, Cd, Cu, and As had a particularly high potential of accumulation in R. philippinarum. In general, a positive correlation was found between the tissue concentrations and sediment concentrations of hydrocarbons and of some metals. Our study suggests that moderate contamination with polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and low to moderate contamination with metals, currently exists for clam R. philippinarum in Jiaozhou Bay, in comparison with other regional studies. A long-term monitoring program is certainly needed for assessment of the potential ecological influence and toxicity of these contaminants of R. philippinarum in Jiaozhou Bay.     

元谋干热河谷浅沟测量方法比较与精度评价

为探究不同测量方法获取浅沟数据的精度,本文以元谋干热河谷区浅沟为例,采用RTK、三维激光扫描、近景摄影测量等多种测量方法获取浅沟数据,建立DEM并提取浅沟形态参数,对比近景摄影测量以不同方式获取标记坐标后建立DEM的差异,同时以测针板实测浅沟横剖面为参照,对比分析不同测量方法获取浅沟横剖面的精度。结果表明：RTK获取密度较低的点数据,建立的DEM较粗糙,仅体现沟缘大致走向;近景摄影测量+RTK方法测得的DEM高程整体低于近景摄影测量+全站仪所得DEM高程;利用三维激光扫描仪和近景摄影测量+全站仪两种方法获取数据所提取的浅沟形态参数精度较高;对比浅沟横剖面,横剖面近景摄影测量+全站仪测量所得与实测横剖面重合度较高。因此,利用近景摄影测量+全站仪进行浅沟测量,在精度、效率等方面优势较大。     

浙江西部梅汛期两次相似落区暴雨过程对比分析

利用浙江省常规气象观测资料、ERA5逐小时再分析资料、FY-4A卫星黑体亮度温度(TBB)资料,对2020年6月3日、6月30日两次暴雨过程进行对比分析。结果表明：(1)6月3日暴雨过程(简称“6·03”过程)发生在季风槽背景下,浙江省500 hPa处于槽前西南气流中,850 hPa为暖切变;而6月30日过程(简称“6.30”过程)发生在东北冷涡背景下,浙江省500 hPa处于冷暖气流交汇中,850 hPa为冷切变。两次过程降水落区相似,均集中在浙西地区,呈东西向带状分布,但“6·30”过程暴雨区范围更广,暴雨中心雨量和过程雨量更大,小时雨强更强,强降水持续时间更长。(2)两次过程均为对流不稳定性降水,但强降水落区发生在急流的不同位置。“6·03”过程为暖切变型暖区暴雨,对流云团“列车效应”显著,降水落区位于急流前方水汽通量强辐合区内,而“6·30”过程梅雨锋为西风辐合型锋生,对流云团为后向传播路径,降水落区位于急流轴附近的水汽通量强辐合区内。700 hPa水汽通量辐合大值区及强度与未来6 h强降水落区、强度相对应,这在梅汛期暴雨预报中有一定参考性。(3)降水类型不同,对应锋生作用不同...     

迁安紫苏花岗岩的~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年龄谱

对采自河北省迁安县水厂地区的紫苏花岗岩中的黑云母和紫苏辉石进行了~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年龄测定,分别给出了18.7亿年和19.6亿年的~(40)Ar保存年龄。这两种矿物的年龄谱的视年龄的梯度变化表明,紫苏花岗岩形成后是缓慢冷却的。3.9亿年左右的一次热事件,造成了放射成因~(40)Ar的丢失。根据热历史和封闭温度的研究,从27亿年(侵入到该区紫花岗岩中的花岗闪长岩的锆石U-Pb年龄)到19.6亿年,紫苏花岗岩岩体的抬升速率为6.5m/Ma,但从19.6亿年到18.7亿年,其抬升速率高达111m/Ma,具有明显的构造抬升作用。     

TRANSIENT EM ANALOGUE MODELLING FOR KOREAN TREASURE HUNTING WITH THE SIROTEM SYSTEM1

The inductive transient electromagnetic method (TEM) shows good potential for the detection of metallic relics of historical interest, such as buried antique bells, Buddhist idols, or precious metal nuggets. The effectiveness of the method was investigated with analogue models, using transmitter-receiver loop configurations with sizes or receiver spacings slightly different from those usually applied in earth resources exploration with the Sirotem system. The analogue modelling results show that the location and depth of the buried treasure may be obtained from the Sirotem data. A solid metallic object such as an antique bell could be detected to a depth about 12 times greater than its size, and treasure consisting of separate metallic objects, such as gold nuggets, could be detected to a depth 5 times its linear dimensions with a transmitter current of ? 20 A. In scaling down the dimensions of a target, its conductivity should be increased in order to preserve the same TEM conditions found in the field. However, since the buried treasure consists of gold or copper objects, it is not possible to properly scale the conductivity. Hence, in the field, the depth detection limit is expected to be greater than that derived from analogue modelling.     

大庙斜长岩同位素地质年龄、稀土地球化学及其地质意义

大庙斜长岩的⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar年龄测定呈现出一条典型的马鞍型年龄谱,在中温阶段有二个明显的坪年龄1656±15 Ma和1029±7 Ma,结合其构造位置和全球斜长岩分布来看,它们分别代表了侵位年龄和后期热扰动的时代。密云奥长环斑花岗岩中角闪石的⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar坪年龄为1716±21 Ma。两者时空上密切相关,代表了裂谷作用初期非造山环境中双模式岩浆作用产物。斜长岩类和苏长岩之间稀土配分模式的相似性表明,它们明显为同一成因的岩浆分异系列的产物。     

论株洲—湘潭地区的新构造运动

通过对广泛存在于株洲一湘潭地区的新构造的野外调查,依据获取的新构造变形,地貌、水系,现代沉积物等大量实际资料,划分了八个新构造次级单元——构造亚块体及五个新构造活动带。构造亚块体有五次较明显的由早到晚幅度递减的间歇性抬升,新构造活动带变形强度与基底断裂规模成正比,同位素测年获其主要构造变形时间为3.9—5.5万年。     

京津地区长城系下伏变质岩系变质年龄及长城系底界年龄的厘定

长城系属中元古宇底部,其底界年龄一直存在争议。国内发表的数据在2000-1640Ma之间。通过分析以往数据,并据近年新资料,认为长城系底界年龄划在(1700±20)Ma是比较合理的。     

应用~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar定年技术研究清原花岗岩-绿岩地体的形成时代

辽宁清原绿岩地层自下而上分为榆树底组、红透山组和南天门组。小莱河铁矿区榆树底组斜长角闪岩岩石化学性质和稀土元素分布曲线表明,该岩石的原岩属太古代亏损型(DAT)拉斑玄武岩。此斜长角闪岩中的角闪石的两个~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年龄谱给出该岩石的变质作用发生在29.9亿年。清原绿岩地层形成时代可能在30亿年或稍早一些。全球范围绿岩地层的年龄是35—19亿年,峰值是27亿年.清原绿岩地层的早期形成年龄则大于全球绿岩的峰值年龄。