Estrogenic activity in sediments contaminated by nonylphenol in Tokyo Bay (Japan) evaluated by vitellogenin induction in male mummichogs (Fundulus heteroclitus)

Estrogenic activity was determined in sediments collected from Tokyo Bay. Sampling was performed at five stations including the site near the sewage treatment plant. The most estrogenic sediment collected near the sewage treatment plant was fractionated into ten fractions using normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Chemical analysis was carried out for each fraction and nonylphenol (NP, 20,700 ng g⁻¹ dry wt) was detected at a higher concentration than estron (2.39 ng g⁻¹ dry wt) and 17β-estradiol (<0.7 ng g⁻¹ dry wt). Furthermore, each fraction was administered to male mummichogs (Fundulus heteroclitus), and vitellogenin (Vtg) was measured after two weeks. The induction of Vtg was observed; this estrogenic potency could be attributed to the NP content in this fraction. This is the first report to suggest that the high NP concentration in the sediments from Tokyo Bay has the potential to induce Vtg in wild fish.     

On the Devonian of Northern Yunnan

The first Chinese geologist who investigated the Devonian rocks of northernYunnan was Y. T. Chao who, in 1929, went from Suifu to northernChaotung where he met his tragic death at the hands of bandits. Ten yearslater, W. Y. Lin made a swift reconnaissance in the same region but he did     

数值天气预报的回顾与展望

一、数值预报的历史用数值方法计算天气系统的发展,最初是由理查森(Richardson)提出来的(1922)。但当时限于缺少资料和计算装备以及尚存在着其他问题必须解决,因而他的工作做为预报是一个明显的失败。但是,理查森方法的许多方面与最近的数值预报方法的发展是很接近一致的。特别是他的计算是根据原始方程,并直接根据所能导出的一切主要的物理定律,引进了一些物理过程——辐射、湍流、凝结等的影响。     

Changes in Relative Plate Motion during the Isan Orogeny (1670-1500 Ma) and Implications for Pre-Rodinia Reconstructions

Foliation inflexion/intersection axes(FIAs)preserved within porphyroblasts that grew throughout Isan orogenesis reveal significant anticlockwise changes in the direction of bulk horizontal shortening between 1670 and 1500 Ma from NE-SW,N-S,E-W to NW-SE.This implies an anticlockwise shift in relative plate motion with time during the Isan orogeny.Dating monazite grains amongst the axial planar foliations defining three of the four FIAs enabled an age for the periods of relative plate motion that produced these structures to be determined.Averaging the ages from monazite grains defining each FIA set revealed 1649±12 Ma for NE-SW shortening,1645±7 Ma for N-S shortening,and 1591±10 Ma for that directed E-W.Inclusion trail asymmetries indicate shear senses of top to the SW for NW-SE FIAs and dominantly top to the N for E-W FIAs,reflecting thrusting towards the SW and N.No evidence for tectonism related to early NE-SW bulk horizontal shortening has previously been detected in the Mount Isa Inlier.Amalgamation of the Broken Hill and possibly the Gawler provinces with the Mount Isa province may have taken place during these periods of NE-SW and N-S-directed thrusting as the ages of tectonism are similar.Overlapping dates,tectonic,metamorphic,and metallogenic similarities between eastern Australia(Mount Isa and Broken Hill terranes)and the southwest part of Laurentia imply a most probable connection between both continental masses.Putting Australia in such position with respect to North America during the Late-Paleo-to-Mesoproterozoic time is consistent with the AUSWUS model of the Rodinia supercontinent.     

Geochemistry of the Batang Group in the Zhaokalong Area,Yushu, Qinghai: Implications for the Late Triassic Tectonism in the Northern Sanjiang Region,China

The Batang Group in the Zhaokalong area not only hosts an important Fe-Cu polymetallic deposit but also reveal important insights for the Late Triassic tectonism in the northern Sanjiang region. In order to delineate the tectonic setting and evolutionary process of the paleo arc-basin system, geochemical studies on the Batang Group strata have been carried out. The results suggest that andesite in the Zhaokalong area mainly belongs to the tholeiite series and is characterized by obvious fractionation of LREE and HREE, enrichment in LILE and depletion in HFSE, and a distinctly elevated δ~(34)SCDT average of 10.5‰. The sandstone is classified as lithic sandstone, which is also characterized by obvious fractionation of LREE and HREE, as well as weak negative Ce and Eu anomalies. The limestone displays positive Eu anomalies, with δ~(13)CPDB ranging from-1.3‰ to 4.4‰ and δ~(18) OSMOW ranging from 14.6‰ to 22.5‰. These results indicate that the andesite has a dual signature of both arc andesite and rift volcanic rocks, whereas the sandstone may be formed in an active continental margin, and the limestone could be deposited in a weak oxidizing shallow sea. The sandstone in the Zhaokalong area represents sedimentation in a platform slope facies, corresponding to the main stage of the Jinshajing oceanic basin subduction during the middle period of Late Triassic. The continental arc volcanic activity resulted from subsequent strengthened subduction, forming the andesite in the North Qiangtang backarc basin. Afterwards, the limestone was formed after the cessation of magmatic activity. The information gleaned from the Batang Group strata helped constrain the evolution of the paleo-Jomda island arc and Jinshajiang oceanic subduction in the Late Triassic.     

麻粒岩的成因

从压力—温度—时间(P-T-t)路径可以推演下部大陆地壳和区域麻粒岩地体形成和演化的构造环境,其受岩石学和地球物理方面条件所制约。区域麻粒岩的P-T条件要求有平均大于35℃km~(-1)的瞬时地热梯度。这意味着热流至少要达到100mWm~(-2)。这样高的热流可能起因于岩浆加热。符合这种条件的构造环境包括会聚板块边缘、大陆裂谷、热点以及深部大岩基的边缘。然而,一定的P-T-t路径并不从属于目前所能认识出的特定构造环境。顺时针     

亚利桑那哈勒派印第安人居住地拉欣纳尔坦克地区角砾岩筒成矿远景

哈勒派印第安人居住地位于亚利桑那北部科罗拉多高原的西南角。成千上万的溶蚀塌陷角砾岩筒出露在山谷及亚利桑那北部各高原。岩筒始于早石炭系的红墙灰岩,向上结束于更晚的古生代地层,局部延伸到三叠系的莫因科皮和钦纳尔组岩石中。高品位铀矿床的产出及一些岩筒中的伴生的Ag、Pb、Zn、Cu、Co、Ni等副产品富集,促进了亚利桑那北部的探矿和采矿活动,尽管其中许多金属的销售市场现在已处于萧条时期。过去的三年中、有关哈勒派印第安人居住地的900多个确凿的和有疑问的角砾岩筒已编制成图。虽然角砾岩筒在峡谷区易确认,在那里岩筒的垂直面暴露在外,但亚利桑那北部的大片区域处在未遭受切割的高原中。在这些高原区岩筒的确认特别重要,因为高原区的矿床开采比峡谷区更易进行,大面积覆盖的砂岩为矿液沉淀矿提供了更多的场所。在这些毗连的高原上,浅构造盆地常常在角砾岩筒上方的地表出现。我们选择亚利桑耶哈勒派印第安人居住地拉欣纳尔坦克地区(National Tank area)来介绍这些高原上密布的塌陷地貌(怀疑是角砾岩筒)的情况。因为这些地区大部分被土壤覆盖仅有少量的岩石露头,所以采用土壤地球化学测量、土壤氦气测量,蜡样芽孢杆菌和地球物理测量等方法来评价塌陷地貌是角砾岩筒而不是更浅根基的溶解地貌的可能性大小。在拉欣纳尔坦克地区圆形的侵蚀图案和植被变化是塌陷地貌仅可见的痕迹。该区25个塌陷地貌被制成图并进行了描述;在它们当中,534、569和570这三个塌陷地貌可能最有希望成为矿化角砾岩筒。     

利用茶真菌去除地下水中的砷

地下水中的砷污染物对人类造成了严重威胁。茶真菌是在红茶发酵期间产生的一种废料。本文就茶真菌吸附地下水中金属离子的能力进行了研究。在印度孟加拉邦的Kolkata地区采集了地下水样品，并分别使用高压灭菌的茶真菌簇和Fecl3处理过的茶真菌簇，对地下水样品中的铁（Ⅱ）、砷（Ⅲ）和砷（Ⅴ）进行去除。生物吸附速率随接触时间（吸附剂和金属离子接触的时间）和吸附剂剂量的增加而增大。当接触时间为30分钟时，高压灭菌的茶真菌簇和Fecl3处理过的茶真菌簇去除了100％的铁（Ⅱ）和砷（Ⅲ）；当接触时间为90分钟时，高压灭菌的茶真菌簇和Fecl3处理过的茶真菌簇去除了77％的砷（Ⅴ）。在去除地下水样品中的金属时，吸附剂的最佳剂量为1．0克／50毫克。研究结果表明，在去除地下水中的砷（Ⅲ）和砷（Ⅴ）时，Fecl3处理过的茶真菌簇是最有效的生物吸附剂；在去除地下水中的铁（Ⅱ）时，高压灭菌的茶真菌簇是最有效的生物吸附剂。