新型城镇化对旅游效率的空间溢出与门槛效应

以2001—2019年中国30个省（市、区）为研究样本,利用熵值法和Bootstrap-DEA模型对其新型城镇化水平和旅游效率进行测度,继而借助双变量LISA模型考察二者的空间关联特征,并采用空间杜宾模型和门槛模型等方法,探析新型城镇化对旅游效率的空间效应及其动态非线性影响。研究表明：1）研究期内中国新型城镇化水平和旅游效率呈现不同程度的波动提升态势,中、西部地区增幅最大;两者分别呈现东部＞中部＞西部＞东北部以及中部＞东部＞西部＞东北部的空间分异特征。2）新型城镇化和旅游效率存在正向空间关联性,局部空间聚类以H-H型、L-L型为主;新型城镇化对旅游效率具有正向直接效应与负向空间溢出效应。3）在旅游产业地位这一门槛变量的作用下,新型城镇化对旅游效率的正向影响存在双重门槛特征。     

小波方法在CCD图像处理中的应用

针对天王星卫星位置观测图像中存在的一些问题,提出了一种新的图像处理方法,即二维墨西哥帽小波变换方法.图像处理结果表明,这种方法能够有效地去除背景梯度和噪声,将接近主星的卫星从主星的光晕中分离出来.     

Study of a solar flare on 2005 August 22 observed in hard X-rays and microwaves

We investigate the 2005 August 22 flare event(00:54 UT) exploiting hard X-ray(HXR) observations from the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager(RHESSI) and microwave(MW) observations from the Nobeyama Solar Radio Observatory. The HXR time profile exposes well-damped quasi-periodic pulsations with four sequential peaks, and the MW time profile follows the corresponding peaks.Based on this feature, we derive the time relationship of HXRs and MWs with multifrequency data from the Nobeyama Radio Polarimeter, and the spatially resolvable data from RHESSI and the Nobeyama Radioheliograph. We find that both frequency dependent delays in MWs and energy dependent delays in HXRs are significant.Furthermore, MW emissions from the south source are delayed with respect to those from the north source at both 17 GHz and 34 GHz, but no significant delays are found in HXR emissions from the different sources at the same energies. To better understand all these long time delays, we derive the electron fluxes of different energies by fitting the observed HXR spectra with a single power-law thick-target model, and speculate that these delays might be related to an extended acceleration process. We further compare the time profile of a MW spectral index derived from 17 and 34 GHz fluxes with the flux densities, and find that the spectral index shows a strong anticorrelation with the HXR fluxes.     

东海表层多年平均水温的奇异矢量分析和水系划分

在海洋学和气象学的研究中,海洋表层水温是最重要而又易于观测的基本参数之一,对其观数据进行收集、整理和分析研究,向为海洋和气象业务部门所重视。就东海来说,日本气象厅长崎海洋气象台自1953年以来即已系统收集该海区的表层水温观测资料,逐旬发布《东海表层水温旬报》。并先后出版了三卷详尽的资料汇编:《东海逐旬表层水温五年报(1953-1957)》,《东海及黄海逐旬表面水温十年报(1953-1962)》,《东海表层水温二十年报(1953-1972)》。 现有关于东海表层水系配置以及与之有关的海流系统和海况变动等方面的知识,大多是通过这些资料的分析研究而得到的。其中,特别应该提到的是日本学者菊池繁雄(1959)、小泉政美(1964)和佐原勉(1974,1975)的工作。他们分别依据上列三项资料,对东海表层水温旬报中的一百多个测站的水温季节変化作了常规统计分析,并在些分析基础上定性地勾划出东海表层水系配置和海流系统的大致轮廓。这些研究成果迄今仍是讨论东海水文特征的重要依据。 然而,上述三位作者提出的东海表层水系划分方案,尽管大体相同,但在测站类别的划分或合并以及代表站的选择等具体问题上却有颇大的出入，如表1及图1所示。在我们看来,这三种基于表层水温季节变化统计特征而提出的水系划分方案之所以有如此显著的差别,其原因主要不在于资料的年限不一,而是在于缺乏客观的分类判据。迄今为止,在海洋水文特征的分析研究中,水系(或水团)划分判据的选择是一件相当主观的事情。一般都是根据分析者的经验和直观判断来作出选择。表1列举的三位作者所依据的统计特征,除菊池繁雄(1959)采用的水温年变化调和常数以外,大多并不提供独立的信息,因而未能充分揭示各测站表层水温季节变化之间错综复杂的关系。况且,这三位作者在具体分析各测站的各种统计特征的相似性或差异性时,并未给出客观的判据,而只是先验地从不同的角度对这些特征加以删简或强调,这就给测站的聚类和相应代表站的选择带来了不同程度的片面性,以致得到不同的聚类结果。 为了避免上述关于东海表层水系划分方案所蕴含的不确定性,我们试图采用数据矩阵的奇异值分解技术,对东海82个1°×1°(经、纬度)网格点的多年(1953-1972)旬平均表层水温季节距平数据矩阵进行正交分解,从而确定表征该海区表层水温时-空变异的前几对最具特征意义的奇异矢量,以之作为东海表层水系划分的一项客观依据。     

Provenance and tectonic setting of Neoproterozoic sedimentary sequences in the South China Block: evidence from detrital zircon ages and Hf–Nd isotopes

Neoproterozoic sedimentary sequences in the South China Block provide great opportunity to examine the tectonic evolution and crustal accretion during this period. This study presents U–Pb ages and Hf isotope composition of detrital zircons and Nd isotope composition of whole rocks of the Neoproterozoic sequences from the Yangtze Block, part of the South China Block. Age patterns of detrital zircons imply that the source area experienced three major periods of magmatic activity at 2,300–2,560, 1,900–2,100 and 770–1,000?Ma and two major episodes of juvenile crust accretion at 2,600–3,400 and 770–1,000?Ma. The maximum age of the Gucheng glaciation can be restricted at?~768?Ma from the youngest detrital zircon ages, probably corresponding to the Kaigas glaciation rather than to the Sturtian glaciation. High La/Sc ratio and low Cr/Th, Sc/Th and Co/Th ratios of the sedimentary rocks point to a derivation from dominantly felsic upper continental crustal sources, whereas large variation of ε_Nd(t) and ε_Hf(t) values indicates that mantle-derived magmatic rocks also provided material to the sedimentary sequences in different degrees. The shift in ε_Nd(t) values of whole rocks and U–Pb age spectra of detrital zircons records the evolution from a back-arc to retro-arc foreland to a rift basin. Age distribution of detrital zircons from the Neoproterozoic sequences, compared with those of the major crustal blocks of Rodinia, implies that the position of the Yangtze Block was probably adjacent to northern India rather than between Australia and Laurentia before the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent.     

云开地区燕山期岩浆活动与金银矿化关系

通过对广西云开地区岩浆活动与金银矿化关系的研究表明,金银矿主要是燕山期岩浆作用形成的;矿化岩体与金银矿化在空间位置上存在“东向性”和“定距性”规律;岩浆岩岩石化学成分、岩浆分异程度、成因类型的不同,导致了金银成矿的显著差异;燕山期岩浆活动对金银成矿,既提供了成矿热液,也提供了主要的物质来源。     

Magnetic Stereoscopy of Coronal Loops in NOAA 8891

The Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO) requires powerful tools for the three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the solar corona. Here we test such a program with data from SOHO and TRACE. By taking advantage of solar rotation, a newly developed stereoscopy tool for the reconstruction of coronal loops is applied to the solar active region NOAA 8891 observed from 1 March to 2 March 2000. The stereoscopic reconstruction is composed of three steps. First, we identify loop structures in two TRACE images observed from two vantage viewpoints approximately 17 degrees apart, which corresponds to observations made about 30 hours apart. In the second step, we extrapolate the magnetic field in the corona with the linear force-free field model from the photospheric line-of-sight SOHO/MDI data. Finally, combining the extrapolated field lines and one-dimensional loop curves from two different viewpoints, we obtain the 3D loop structures with the magnetic stereoscopy tool. We demonstrate that by including the magnetic modeling this tool is more powerful than pure geometrical stereoscopy, especially in resolving the ambiguities generated by classical stereoscopy. This work will be applied to the STEREO mission in the near future.     

Experimental study on the effect of the critical temperature of water on the preparing and occurring of large earthquakes

The features of fracturing and dissolving of Yunnan marble in distilled water near the critical temperature have been studied experimentally. The results indicate that the mechanical parameters of the samples (fracture strength, Young’s Modulus, shear fracture energy and fracture toughness) drop with the temperature of the environment water, near the critical temperature (380°C), these parameters have sudden changes (drop), then keep stable values roughly. The contents of some chemical materials in the water, PH value and conductivity at every experiment temperature have been analysed and measured. At 380°C, there all exist sudden changes. According to the results, it is pointed out that the sudden changes are related to strong stress corrosion of water near its critical temperature to the rock and the exist and its migration of the water solution near the critical temperature in the crust have important significance to the earthquake source process, the formation cause of the low-focal depth earthquakes in the crust. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,14, 156–163, 1992. This work was sponsored by the Chinese Joint Seismological Science Foundation.     

新疆克拉玛依市商业地价空间分布规律研究

城市地价是一个具有时空性质的多维概念,在空间分布上具有较强的关联性和特殊性。但目前对城市地价空间分布规律方面的研究相对较少,还没有形成系统性的理论与方法依据,本文以克拉玛依市2007年土地调查商业用地数据和地价动态监测数据为依据,以ARCGIS软件为平台,采用地统计学的方法,对克拉玛依市商业用地价格的空间分布进行了研究。研究表明:地统计学的理论与方法对城市地价空间分布进行研究具有独特的优越性;城市商业用地地价的分布在空间上既有连续性,也存在变异性,受区域整体趋势的影响明显高于小范围的变异性,属于强空间自相关;商业用地地价分布整体呈现圈层结构,交通道路对地价的空间分布具有重要影响。     

基于WebGIS的水产资源信息服务系统设计与实现

将地理信息与水产资源相结合,为水产养殖业提供一个直观的、可视化的地理信息展示和管理服务平台。综合应用Geoserver,Openlayers,J2EE等技术设计并实现了水产信息和相关专题地图的数据采集、管理、服务发布以及在线浏览、查询、空间分析、统计分析等功能。