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781.
The ion composition of fluxes of charged particles in interplanetary space with energies ∼0.03–10 MeV/nucleon are studied
during quiet periods in the 23rd solar-activity cycle using data from the ACE spacecraft. Apart from the activity minimum,
the Fe/O ratio during such periods corresponds to either the relative abundances of ions in particle fluxes accelerated in
solar flares or the mean abundances of elements in the solar corona. At the cycle minimum, this ratio takes on values characteristic
for the solar wind. These results indicate that the background fluxes of low-energy particles in the phases of the growth,
maximum, and decay of the solar cycle include significant contributions from both coronal particles accelerated to suprathermal
energies and particles accelerated in small impulsive solar flares. The particle fluxes from such flares are distinguished
by an enhanced abundance of iron ions. 相似文献
782.
Micrometeorological data for wind and temperature from a 325 m high lower in Beijing City are analyzed by use of local similarty
theory Non–dimentional wind and temperature gradients Φ and Φ are determined by three techniques called respectively, eddy-correlation,
mean profiles and inertia subrange cospectra (ISC) method for a wide range of atmospheric stratification from unstable to
stable condition Average dissipation rate Φof turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) is evaluated from u-spectrum as a quanlity required in the last technique. Ratio of the eddy transfer coefficients. α(= K / K) is calculated from Φ and Φ estimations. The results from various techniques are compared with each other and with some available
empirical results in the lwor -layer. it is shown that the empirical relationship detefrmined by mean profiles and ISC methods
in the lower-layer turbulence are in agreement with each other and with some other results.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.49735170.
The authors are very grateful to the members, working for the State Key Lab. of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric
Chemistry, the Institute of Atmospheric Physics in Beijing, who supplied the data from the meteorological tower for this paper.
The authors wish to thank to Mrs. Israa H. A. in the presentation of data on the required style. 相似文献
783.
M. J. Pierce J. S. Jurcevic D. Crabtree 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2000,313(2):271-280
We present CCD photometry of red supergiant long-period variables (LPVs) in the Per OB1 association, the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and M33. The photometry was obtained in the Kron–Cousins R and I bandpasses and in a narrow bandpass ( λ 0 =8250 Å, FWHM=300 Å) chosen to avoid TiO bands in the spectral energy distribution of the LPVs. Because the strength of the TiO bands varies greatly with temperature, which varies with the phase of an LPV, avoiding TiO reduces the amplitude of the photometric variations seen in LPVs. The result is a lower dispersion and a well defined period–luminosity (PL) relation.
For the LMC sample we find an rms dispersion of 0.27 mag in the narrow-band PL relation and slightly larger dispersions for the LPVs in Per OB1 and M33. This dispersion is comparable to that of the Cepheid PL relation at similar wavelengths. Adopting a distance modulus of 18.5±0.1 mag for the LMC, we obtain distance moduli of 11.68±0.15 mag for Per OB1 and 24.85±0.13 mag for M33. These distances agree well with those based on main sequence fitting for Per OB1 and the Cepheid distance for M33. Since LPVs are ∼ 5 times more common than Cepheids and have a well defined PL relation, LPVs provide a promising method for estimating Galactic and extra galactic distances. 相似文献
For the LMC sample we find an rms dispersion of 0.27 mag in the narrow-band PL relation and slightly larger dispersions for the LPVs in Per OB1 and M33. This dispersion is comparable to that of the Cepheid PL relation at similar wavelengths. Adopting a distance modulus of 18.5±0.1 mag for the LMC, we obtain distance moduli of 11.68±0.15 mag for Per OB1 and 24.85±0.13 mag for M33. These distances agree well with those based on main sequence fitting for Per OB1 and the Cepheid distance for M33. Since LPVs are ∼ 5 times more common than Cepheids and have a well defined PL relation, LPVs provide a promising method for estimating Galactic and extra galactic distances. 相似文献
784.
Md. Mokhlesur Rahman Muhammad Qumrul Hassan Mohammad Saiful Islam S. Z. K. M. Shamsad 《Environmental Geology》2000,40(1-2):31-40
This paper deals with an environmental impact assessment of low water flow in the river Ganges during a dry period at the
Khulna and Mongla port areas in south-western Bangladesh. Large-scale surface water withdrawal in India after commissioning
the Farakka Barrage causes a drastic fall in the Ganges low-flow condition within the Bangladesh territory during every dry
period. The average lowest discharge in the Ganges is 552 m3/s, which is about 73% less than that in the pre-Farakka time. This has caused the deterioration of both surface and groundwater
quality of the study area. Salinity is the principal cause of water quality degradation in the area. Present observation shows
that the surface water of the area is sulphate-chloride dominated, which signifies high salinity whereas the groundwater is
categorized as of medium to high salinity. To maintain the Rupsa River's maximum salinity below 1000 μS/cm the discharge in
the Ganges should be ∼1500 m3/s, whereas that at Garai basin is ∼10 m3/s. If this present situation continues it will be a crippling blow to the environment of the area in the long term. An integrated
multidisciplinary approach to hydrogeological research is urgently required to salvage the area from further deterioration.
Received: 9 August 1999 · Accepted: 8 March 2000 相似文献
785.
成藏组合体的研究是地学领域的一大热点,笔者利用钻井、测井、地震及分析化验等资料,以输导系统为重点,通过对构成成藏组合体的地质要素、地质作用的时空配置研究,将江陵凹陷划分为一个完整的成藏组合体,指出该成藏组合体油气成藏发生于荆沙中期-荆河镇晚期(始新世中期-渐新世晚期),具有不同层位同期成藏的特征。江陵凹陷具有多套勘探层系,可以进行多层系立体勘探,提高勘探效益。 相似文献
786.
Ruth M. K. Plets S. Louise Callard J. Andrew G. Cooper Joseph T. Kelley Daniel F. Belknap Robin J. Edwards Antony J. Long Rory J. Quinn Derek W. T. Jackson 《第四纪科学杂志》2019,34(4-5):285-298
The interplay of eustatic and isostatic factors causes complex relative sea‐level (RSL) histories, particularly in paraglacial settings. In this context the past record of RSL is important in understanding ice‐sheet history, earth rheology and resulting glacio‐isostatic adjustment. Field data to develop sea‐level reconstructions are often limited to shallow depths and uncertainty exists as to the veracity of modelled sea‐level curves. We use seismic stratigraphy, 39 vibrocores and 26 radiocarbon dates to investigate the deglacial history of Belfast Lough, Northern Ireland, and reconstruct past RSL. A typical sequence of till, glacimarine and Holocene sediments is preserved. Two sea‐level lowstands (both max. ?40 m) are recorded at c. 13.5 and 11.5k cal a bp . Each is followed by a rapid transgression and subsequent periods of RSL stability. The first transgression coincides temporally with a late stage of Meltwater Pulse 1a and the RSL stability occurred between c. 13.0 and c. 12.2k cal a bp (Younger Dryas). The second still/slowstand occurred between c. 10.3 and c. 11.5k cal a bp . Our data provide constraints on the direction and timing of RSL change during deglaciation. Application of the Depth of Closure concept adds an error term to sea‐level reconstructions based on seismic stratigraphic reconstructions. 相似文献
787.
Goodman Zachary T. Stamatis Caitlin A. Stoler Justin Emrich Christopher T. Llabre Maria M. 《Natural Hazards》2021,106(3):2731-2749
Natural Hazards - Socially vulnerable communities experience disproportionately negative outcomes following natural disasters and underscoring a need for well-validated measures to identify those... 相似文献
788.
Summary Offshore areas are sometimes found in which seismic record assumes the appearance of a sine wave or a simple combination of sine waves. It is more interesting to note that the dominant frequency on the singing records is the third harmonic of a fundamental whose wave length is four times the water depth. In this paper it has been proved that this peculiar phenomenon happens due to the slope of the sedimentary layer near the observational points. Using the method introduced byCovert (1958) of finding the Green's function for built in bodies, pressure field has been obtained in the water layer for a two dimensional point source in the same medium and it has been proved that due to the slope of the sedimentary layer singing is caused by waves of wave-length equal to four times the water depth. 相似文献
789.
790.
Receiver function arrays: a reflection seismic approach 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6