辽东早元古代裂谷多金属硫铁矿地质及其成矿规律

辽东早元古代地层内赋存着一系列多金属硫铁矿床。矿床的形成与分布主要受裂谷盆地演化及含矿建造控制。在不同的演化阶段分别形成了含钴黄铁矿 含铜黄铁矿 含硬石膏黄铁矿矿床系列和含硼（镁电气石）磁黄铁矿 含铅锌黄铁矿 重晶石闪锌黄铁矿矿床系列。依据成矿特征可分为海底火山喷气沉积与海底喷气沉积两种成因类型。成矿作用受裂谷、次级盆地、一定含矿层位和特殊容矿岩石相互联系与配套的控矿因素制约。在对成矿规律研究的基础上将该区多金属硫铁矿划分为６个成矿远景区。     

剧冲式高速滑坡全程动力学机理分析

剧冲式高速滑坡是具有剧动启程,高速运行,碰撞解体及冲击成坝的高速岩质滑坡。本文根据高山峡谷区大型滑坡坝的形成过程,分析了高速岩质滑坡的临床峰残强降加速机理,滑体势动转化加速机理,空气动力擎托持速机理及滑坡坝冲击夯实机理,论述了其运动学特征。     

柴达木盆地东部石炭系页岩三维裂缝网络模型研究

裂缝既是页岩气的聚集空间,同时也是页岩气的运移通道, 对页岩气成藏起着重要控制作用。裂缝的产状、密度、组合特征等很大程度上决定了页岩气是否具有开发价值。该研究对柴达木盆地东部的13个露头的岩石裂缝进行了野外观测统计,实测裂缝1 000多条,选取了三个具有代表性的页岩露头进行统计分析建模。通过野外观测和室内统计分析发现,工作区页岩裂缝发育有三组(某些地段一组不发育),各组裂缝的方向满足Fisher分布,迹线长度满足对数正态分布。确定了各组裂缝方向、长度的均值和方差,以及各组裂缝的密度,建立了三维裂缝网络模型,绘出了模拟的三维裂缝网络图。裂缝三维模型为圆盘模型,即假设单个裂缝三维空间上具有圆盘形状。建模过程采用了逆建模方法,其基本原则是通过拟合实测的二维露头观测数据,优化裂缝三维大小和密度参数,使模型能够准确再现野外所观测到的实际现象,包括露头面上不同裂缝的数量、密度和长度。该研究对柴达木盆地东部石炭系页岩裂缝描述达到了定量化,为研究页岩中油气运移提供了很好的基础数据。     

P-T Paths Derived from Garnet Growth Zoning in Danba Domal Metamorphic Terrain, Sichuan Province, West China

Danba (丹巴) domal metamorphic terrain belongs to Songpan (松潘)-Ganze (甘孜) orogenic belt, where typical Barrovian and Buchan metamorphic zones are preserved. The former included chlorite, biotite, garnet, staurolite, kyanite and sillimanite zones, while the latter only developed silimanite+muscovite and sillimanite+K-feldspar zones. Integrated study has been carried on metamorphic reactions of garnet production and consumption, P-T paths and P-T-X-M phase relation and thermal tectonic model for Danba metamorphic zones. Petrological textures in thin sections show that garnet production and consumption in kyanite-sillimanite zone is mainly attributed to ChI+Ms+PI+Q=Grt+Bt+H2O and kyanite=sillimanite respectively. Based on mineral compositions, the geothermobarometry gives an average P, T condition of (4.9±0.3)×108 Pa, 543±30℃ for the first growth stage of the garnet and (5.8±0.3)±108 Pa, 534±29 ℃ for the second stage of garnet growth respectively. Anti-counter clockwise P-T paths were drawn using Gibbs method by NCMnKFMASH system for sample G98686 in the kyanite zone. The P-T-X-M modeling for the first mineral assemblages shows that the prediction is similar to the measured values in gossular, almandine and spessartine but mole fraction of pyrope and Fe/(Fe+Mg) deviated far from the contours; while that for the second mineral assemblages exhibits that the prediction is consistent with the measured value of pyrope, grossular content and Fe/(Fe+Mg) of garnet. A thermal tectonic model that there are at least three structure levels across the thrnst-decollement zones is presented according to the P-T paths, metamorphic grades and deformation styles for the staurolite-kyanite zone of the Barroviau type metamorphism, which will provide some constraints for the evolution of the nappe complex.     

The perimeter-area fractal model and its application to geology

Perimeters and areas of similarly shaped fractal geometries in two-dimensional space are related to one another by power-law relationships. The exponents obtained from these power laws are associated with, but do not necessarily provide, unbiased estimates of the fractal dimensions of the perimeters and areas. The exponent (D_AL) obtained from perimeter-area analysis can be used only as a reliable estimate of the dimension of the perimeter (D_L) if the dimension of the measured area is D_A=2. If D_A<2, then the exponent D_AL=2D_L/D_A>D_L. Similar relations hold true for area and volumes of three-dimensional fractal geometries. The newly derived results are used for characterizing Au associated alteration zones in porphyry systems in the Mitchell-Sulphurets mineral district, northwestern British Columbia.     

铀矿山废石堆表面氡析出率的变化规律

铀矿的退役处理是放射性固体废物处理的一个重要领域,研究退役铀矿的放射性水平及其影响因素具有重要的意义。对某矿山的11个废石堆进行表面氡析出率的实地测量,探讨废石堆表面氡析出率的影响变化规律,提出平地堆放型较依山堆放型的析出率高且更不稳定,建立了废石的粒度大小、在堆表面所处的位置和废石中u,Ra的活度与表面氡析出率的相关性,并建立了表面氡析出率与气温、地温、气压、相对湿度、降雨等气象因素的相关规律,为铀矿山退役治理提供理论依据。     

Analysis of the ore-controlling role of Guojiadian mantle branch structure, Northwest Shandong Peninsula, China

Metallogenesis in the gold ore-concentrated zone of Northwest Shandong Peninsula is closely related to deep processes.The region in the eastern part of North China entered into the stage of mantle plume evolution during the Yanshanian movement,following the long-time stage of stable platform evolution during Paleozoic time.At that time,the ore-concentrated zone of Northwest Shandong Peninsula just entered into the development-evolution stage of the Laiyang sub-mantle plume and the Guojiadian mantle branch structure in its periphery.The core-mantle-source gold was present in the gas-liquid form,and it migrated through mantle plume→sub-mantle plume→mantle branch structure→favorable tectonic expansion zone to the favorable loci of the mantle branch structure,where gold was deposited as ores,thereafter constituting a series of large-to medium-sized gold deposits distributed around the Guojiadian mantle branch structure.This study also dealt with the Jiaojia fault as the main detachment(fault altered rock) belt on the northwestern margin of the mantle branch structure and also presented a basic cognition about the fact that the Sanshandao fault as the listric fault on the hanging wall of the detachment belt.Furthermore,on this basis,this study also pointed out the orientation for further ore prospecting in this region.     

石笋氧同位素和微量元素记录的陕南地区4200～2000a B.P.高分辨率季风降雨变化

基于陕南祥龙洞石笋XL2的19个230Th年龄、218个氧同位素分析以及896个Sr/Ca分析数据,高分辨率重建了4200～1972a B.P.期间陕南地区季风降雨变化.重建结果显示陕南地区这一时期季风降雨有显著的127～105a和57a周期,可能分别受控于太阳活动、PDO和/或AMO的变化.重建时段有3次百年尺度的干旱事件,分别发生于2200～2100a B.P.,2900～2700a B.P.和3600～3400a B.P.,其中2900～2700a B.P.干旱事件对应于北大西洋地区2.8ka冷事件.对比研究显示,尽管祥龙洞石笋和董哥洞石笋δ18O记录整体一致,但除了2900～ 2700aB.P.干旱事件之外,其他两次干旱事件在董哥洞石笋记录中并不明显.而尽管总体上祥龙洞和和尚洞石笋δ18O记录的差异要大,但XL2的3次干旱事件在和尚洞记录都有明显体现.有精确年代控制的祥龙洞、董哥洞及和尚洞石笋氧同位素记录的差异,揭示晚全新世我国季风降雨在十一百年尺度存在区域差异.     

下扬子区二叠系层序地层的地球化学特征

本文以安徽巢县平顶山、鬼门关剖面为例，阐述了二叠系沉岩的主要岩石类型，即灰岩、硅质岩和泥质岩的岩石学特征及稀土元素组成特点；划分出七种沉积相类型，即局限台地相、开阔台地相、斜坡相、盆地相、三角洲相、汪 相和陆缘泻湖相；识别出七个Ⅲ级层序，其中四个为Ⅰ型层，三个为Ⅱ型层序。对栖霞组灰岩的地球化学测试数据进行了统计分析，总结了海侵体系域，高水位体系域的氧碳同位素、稀土元素和微量元素组成的差异，并认为造     

鄂尔多斯盆地南部含铀砂岩岩石学特征研究

文章在对鄂尔多斯盆地南部砂岩岩石学特研究的基础上，重点探讨了砂岩赋铀性与岩石结构组分的关系和粘土矿物演化、压实与胶结、溶蚀与次生孔隙形成等主要成岩作用对岩石渗透性与铀的运移聚集的影响。将研究区含铀砂岩划分成4种赋铀砂岩类型，讨论了不同岩石类型的成矿性特征。综合分析了铀成矿条件，建立了砂岩型铀矿成矿模式，为研究区铀成矿有利区段预测提供了岩石学证据。