山东沂水观测井水氡异常变化及其形成机制

据沂水观测井的构造背景、环境条件和泉的成因结果, 经过前兆异常现场落实和采样分析, 并结合活动断裂、地震活动以及流磁观测结果对山东沂水水氡自2001年以来的异常变化从形成机制上进行了分析研究。结果表明, 沂水观测井位于沂水-汤头断裂与沂水-沂源断裂交汇部位, 系断层上升泉, 具有应力易集中的地质构造环境; 沂水水氡的下降异常变化与沂沭断裂带中南段的应力活动增强和沂水-汤头断裂与沂水-沂源断裂构造活动加剧有关。     

1668年郯城8.5级地震震源参数及其讨论

利用野外考察资料系统地计算和屯１６６８年郯城地震的震源参数，讨论了其特点进而提出了计算地震断层动摩擦阻力和应力的公式，给出了衡量地震断层破裂彻底度的判别指标和主震后强余震的预测方法。     

由地下水位变化反演大同—阳高6.1级地震前后应力场的动态图像

分析研究了承压含水层应力应变与井水位变化之间的定量关系,得出了井水位变化与含水层应力应变之间的定量关系公式,给出了利用承压井水位变化反演含水层应力变化的两种新方法。利用大同地震前后井水位变化资料,反演了该地震前后大区域应力场的动态调整变化,并形成了时间与空间的演化图像。利用这些图像分析了大同地震前后大区域应力场的动态调整变化特征与可能的机制。     

Effects of chronic exposure to dispersed oil on selected reproductive processes in adult blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) and the consequences for the early life stages of their larvae

Mussels (Mytilus edulis) were continuously exposed to dispersed crude oil (0.015-0.25 mg/l) for 7 months covering the whole gamete development cycle. After 1 month exposure to 0.25 mg oil/l, the level of alkali-labile phosphates (ALP) and the volume density of atretic oocytes in female gonads were higher than those in the gonads of control females, indicating that oil affected the level of vitellogenin-like proteins and gamete development. Spawning of mussels was induced after 7 months oil exposure. Parental oil exposure did not affect subsequent fertilization success in clean seawater but this was reduced in 0.25 mg oil/l. Parental exposure to 0.25 mg oil/l caused both slow development and a higher percentage of abnormalities in D-shell larvae 2 days post-fertilization; reduced growth 7 days post-fertilization. These effects were greatly enhanced when larval stages were maintained at 0.25 mg oil/l. Similar studies are warranted for risk assessment prognosis.     

Trace organic contamination in biota collected from the Pearl River Estuary, China: a preliminary risk assessment

The marine ecosystem of the Pearl River Delta, located on the southern coast of China, has been heavily exploited following the rapid economic growth that has occurred since the 1980s. This investigation aimed to elucidate trace organic contamination in marine biota inhabiting the Pearl River Delta area. Biota samples, including green-lipped mussels (Perna viridis), oysters (Crassostrea rivularis) and shrimp (Penaeus orientalis) were sampled from 16 stations fringing the Estuary. Elevated concentrations (on a dry weight basis) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (27.8–1041.0 ng/g), petroleum hydrocarbons (1.7–2345.4 μg/g), polychlorinated biphenyls (2.1–108.8 ng/g), DDTs (1.9–79.0 ng/g), and hexachlorocyclohexanes (n.d.–38.4 ng/g) were recorded. A human health risk assessment was conducted to estimate the risk to local residents associated with the consumption of biota collected from the Pearl River Estuary. The results indicated that PCBs were at levels that may cause deleterious health effects in populations that consume large amounts of seafood. However, it would be instructive to establish health criteria for trace organic contaminants that are specific to the local populations, in order to derive a more accurate and relevant health risk assessment.     

井水位降雨影响的定量改正

给出了井水位降雨影响定量改正的新方法.利用褶积滤波和多元回归的方法,考虑到降雨对井水位影响的滞后“记忆”效应,对井水位进行降雨影响改正.对鲁08井水位的降雨改正结果表明,该方法的改正效果是比较好的.     

环渤海地区断层气CO2监测网观测结果的初步分析

为了进一步强化环渤海地震重点监视区的短临监测和预报。在分析山东环渤海地区第四系活动断裂分布特征的基础上,１９９８年３月下旬在渤海南岸的潍坊、烟台、威海３地市的１０个县区,沿活动断裂布设了１０个断层气二氧化碳观测点。根据ＣＯ２监测网一年来的观测结果,把这些观测点分为３类,结果表明,断层气ＣＯ２监测网对其３００Ｋm范围内的 ４级以上地震具有较强的映震能力。     

The source and distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and polychlorinated dibenzofurans in sediments of Port Jackson, Australia

Concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (dioxins)(PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs)(furans) in sediments from Port Jackson ranged from 32 to 4352 pg WHO-TEQ DF g(-1)dw with a mean of 712 pg g(-1)dw. Maximum total dioxins plus furans concentrations in this sediment was 6,290,000 pg g(-1)dw, which is the highest recorded in Australia and among the highest reported for sediment globally. Permanent bans were placed on fin fishing and prawn trawling in February, 2006 for the whole estuary, based on dioxin tissue burdens. A distinct congener profile corresponded to chemicals known to have been produced by industry on the shores of Homebush Bay in the upper estuary. These chemicals are being dispersed extensively and exceed pre-anthropogenic concentrations in even distant, less developed parts of the harbour. Remediation of sediments is currently being undertaken, with the intention of containing dispersion of dioxins and reducing body burdens in fin fish and prawn populations.