各向异性,横向非均匀介质中的传播不变量,透射和反射

对于地震波主要特性随深度变化的准层状介质，可根据两个地震波场的位移和作用力的某种组合建立传播不变量计算公式。这样的不变量与深度无关，对于相同的场则趋于零。它是空间和波数域中为各向异性和横和变化介质而建立的一种计算方法。这些传播不变量可大大简化横向变化介质中反射和透射过程的综合分析，其中包括了波数间耦合作用的计算。本文通过分析ＳＨ波在自由表面下的非规则界面上的入射过程，阐明了这种方法的实现过程。其结     

Growth and Deformation of the Ladakh Batholith, Northwest Himalayas: Implications for Timing of Continental Collision and Origin of Calc-Alkaline Batholiths

The calc-alkaline Ladakh batholith (NW Himalayas) was dated to constrain the timing of continental collision and subsequent deformation. Batholith growth ended when collision disrupted subduction of the Tethyan oceanic lithosphere, and thus the youngest magmatic pulse indirectly dates the collision. Both U-Pb ages on zircons from three samples of the Ladakh batholith and K-Ar from one subvolcanic dike sample were determined. Magmatic activity near Leh (the capital of Ladakh) occurred between 70 and 50 Ma, with the last major magmatic pulse crystallizing at ca. 49.8+/-0.8 Ma (2sigma). This was followed by rapid and generalized cooling to lower greenschist facies temperatures within a few million years, and minor dike intrusion took place at 46+/-1 Ma. Field observations, the lack of inherited prebatholith zircons, and other isotopic evidence suggest that the batholith is mantle derived with negligible crustal influence, that it evolved through input of fresh magma from the mantle and remelting of previously emplaced mantle magmatic rocks. The sedmimentary record indicates that collision in NW Himalaya occurred around 52-50 Ma. If this is so, the magmatic system driven by subduction of Tethys ended immediately on collision. The thermal history of one sample from within the Thanglasgo Shear Zone (TSZ) was determined by Ar-Ar method to constrain timing of batholith internal deformation. This is a wide dextral shear zone within the batholith, parallel to the dextral, N 30 degrees W-striking crustal-scale Karakoram Fault. Internal deformation of the batholith, taken up partly by this shear zone, has caused it to deviate from it regional WNW-ESE trend to parallel the Karakoram Fault. Microstructures and cooling history of a sample from the TSZ indicate that shearing took place before 22 Ma, implying that (1) the history of dextral shearing on NW-striking planes in northern Ladakh started at least 7 m.yr. before the <15 Ma Karakoram Fault, (2) shearing was responsible for deviation of the regional trend of the Ladakh batholith, and (3) dextral shearing occured within a zone apporximately 100 km wide that includes the Ladakh batholith and portions of the younger Karakoram batholith.     

国外海洋岩石圈深部结构的地震学研究进展

近十年来,深地震反射波勘探在海洋岩石圈的形成与演化,地壳结构研究中的应用越来越广泛,本文介绍了美,英,法及北欧一些国家在北海,波罗的海,挪威海,大西洋,太平洋,地中海等海域分别进行的垂直入射,宽角反射／折射地震试验,及其在大陆边缘构造,海洋地壳的演化,海底断裂形态,性质等方面的研究成果。     

俄罗斯的人工地震探测研究进展

介绍了俄罗斯利用原子弹爆炸获得的长地震剖面资料和利用这些资料对地球的起源和演化的研究成果，以及对不同构造带，如乌拉尔造山带、西伯利亚盆地、科拉半岛、图拉地台和巴仑支海等地区的地壳和上地幔结构及地球动力学过程等方面的研究成果。     

Numerical Simulations of Oscillation Modes of the Solar Convection Zone

The ACIS front-illuminated CCDs on board the Chandra X-Ray Observatory were damaged in the extreme environment of the Earth's radiation belts, resulting in enhanced charge transfer inefficiency (CTI). This produces a row dependence in gain, event grade, and energy resolution. We model the CTI as a function of input photon energy, including the effects of detrapping (charge trailing), shielding within an event (charge in the leading pixels of the 3x3 event island protects the rest of the island by filling traps), and nonuniform spatial distribution of traps. This technique cannot fully recover the degraded energy resolution, but it reduces the position dependence of gain and grade distributions. By correcting the grade distributions as well as the event amplitudes, we can improve the instrument's quantum efficiency. We outline our model for CTI correction and discuss how the corrector can improve astrophysical results derived from ACIS data.     

日本的人工地震探测研究进展

介绍了20世纪80年代以来日本开展人工地震探测研究的进展，以及在研究大地构造、地壳深部结构、地球动力学、深浅构造关系、大震震源区细结构等方面取得的重要成果。